Biodegradable and biocompatible functional polymers show high potential as novel drug carriers in disease diagnosis and therapy.Recently,protein drugs have brought about major breakthroughs in the treatment of various diseases including cancer,while the development of carrier technology is relatively delayed.This article reviews recent advances in biodegradable functional polymers as protein drug nanocarriers.Additionally,we have discussed the perspective of developing new generations of biocompatible and functional polymers.

Objective To establish a three-dimensional finite element model and make mechanical analysis of "V"-type atlantoaxial reduction and internal fixation. Methods According to "V"-type atlantoaxial and internal fixation,based on screw-type Ⅱ design parameters,and using Pro/E 2001 and MSC.Patran 2005 software,we set up a finite element model and calculated the region containing the node scope of the force as the sites binding and 100N mechanics adding. Results The model looked realistic,geometric similarity.The deformation stress field mainly concentrated in the reset device V-tip arm bending and stability.The strength of its maximum stress was 4.78MPa,and the scope had 2794 nodes.V-type wing of the acute angle point of convergence of the premises to bear the stress intensity followed.It was 0.31MPa,and the scope had 1953 nodes.V-type wing by the end of edge was the smallest for the 1.22?10-3MPa,and there was the scope of 1730 nodes. Ⅱ-shaped fixed nail stress concentrated at the central parts of tooth and the art on both sides of teeth,with maximum stress intensity of 1.68?10-2MPa,and there was the scope of 1146 nodes. Conclusion The reduction and fixation devices to load at the time of recovery deformation forces and mechanical characteristics adapted to Ni-Ti shape memory alloy material functions and super-elasticity completely,which meets the clinical needs.

Objective To investigate the correlation between human papillomavirus(HPV) 16/18 subgroup infection and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC).Methods The infection of HPV16/18 in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens and 10 vocal cord polyp specimens were detected by in situ hybridization. Results The positive rate of HPV16/18 expression in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens was 48.7%(19/39). The positive rate of HPV16/18 subgroup expression in 10 vocal cord polyps was 0(0/10) . Statistical test showed that HPV16/18 subgroup infection was significantly higher in LSCC than that in vocal cord polyps. No statistically association was observed among the frequency of HPV16/18 subgroup infection and TNM stages, degree of differentiation or lymph nodes metastases. Conclusions HPV 16/18 subgroup infection is associated with he pathogenesis of LSCC.

Objective To investigate the relationship among human papillomavirus(HPV)16/18 and the expression of human telomerase reverese transcriptase(hTERT),c-myc protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and their significance.Methods The infection of HPV16/18 in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens and 10 vocal cord polyp specimens were detected by in situ hybridization.The expression of hTERT protein and c-myc protein in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens and 10 vocal cord polyp specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The positive rate of HPV16/18 infection in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens was 48.7%(19/39).The positive rate of HPV16/18 expression in 10 vocal cord polyps was 0(0/10).Statistical tests showed that HPV 16/18 infection was significantly higher in LSCC than that in vocal cord polyps.The positive rate of hTERT protein and c-myc protein expression in 39 laryngeal carcinoma specimens was 84.6%(33/39)and 82.1%(32/39)respectively.The positive rate of hTERT protein and c-myc protein expression in 10 vocal cord polyps was 0(0/10)and 10%(1/10)respectively.Statistical tests showed that hTERT and c-myc protein expression was significantly higher in LSCC than that in vocal cord polyps.Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that there was significant relation among HPV16/18,hTERT and c-myc protein respectively.Conclusions The results suggest that the expression of hTERT and c-myc protein was associated significantly with the infection of HPV16/18 and they intact each other,which can influent the pathogenesis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

AIM　To analyze tanshinone IIA in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) coupled with capillary gas chromatography (CGC). METHODS　The solution pressure was predicted by solubility parameter theory, the extraction conditions were confirmed by orthogonal design in which temperature, volume of modifier and dynamic extracting volume had been studied in three levels. RESULTS This method is quick, convenient, precise and accurate, added sample recovery is 95.3%, RSD=4.27%. CONCLUSION　Compared with the method of ultrasonic extraction, significantly better qualitative and quantitative result could be obtained by SFE-CGC and expend less organic solvent then make less pollution.

Objective To observe activated cerebral areas during the task of writing in second language by early and late acquisition bilinguals and explore the neuropsychological mechanism. Methods Twelve subjects were divided into group of early acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(EAHP) and group of late acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(LAHP). Each subject carried out the task of pseudo-writing and English writing. After functional imaging,statistical parametric mapping was used to compare data of the two tasks through paired- t test in both two groups. A conjunction analysis was conducted between the two groups also. Areas where the metabolism of glucose changed were analyzed. Then, the corresponding images about activated cerebral regions were obtained.Results Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in EAHP: bilateral middle frontal gyrus( Z=4.35/2. 01 ), bilateral cerebellum ( Z = 2.97/2.53 ) and left head of caudate nucleus ( Z = 3.07 ), etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in LAHP: right superior frontal gyrus(Z=4.06), right cerebellum( Z=4.63), left putamen(Z=2.70) ,etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in compared data of LAHP with data of EAHP: right frontal gyrus ( Z = 2.92 ), right temporal lobe( Z = 2.31 ), etc. Conclusion Extensive cerebral cortex and subcortical structures participate the process of writing in the second language. Age of bilingual acquisition is one of the factors affecting cerebral localization of writing in second language.

Abstract: The activities of four CYP450 enzymes (CYP3A, 1A2, 2El and 2C) and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, 2El, 2Cll and 3A1 in rat liver were determined after Wistar rats were orally administered with brucine (BR) at three dosage levels (3, 15 and 60 mg.kg-1 per day) and the high dose of BR combined with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA, 25 mg.kg-1 per day) or liquiritin (LQ, 20 mg.kg-1 per day) for 7 consecutive days. Compared with the control, brucine caused 24.5% and 34.6% decrease of CYP3A-associated testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (6betaTesto-OH) and CYP2C-associated tolbutamide hydroxylation (Tol-OH), respectively, and 146.1% increase of CYP2El-associated para-nitrophenol hydroxylation (PNP-OH) at the high dose level. On the other hand, (BR+GA) caused 51.4% and 33.5% decrease, respectively, of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and CYP1A2-associated ethoxyresorufin-O-de-ethylation (EROD) as compared with the high dose of BR group. Meanwhile, (BR+LQ) caused 41.1% decrease of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and 37.7% increase of CYP2C-associated Tol-OH. The results indicated that the co-administration of BR with GA or LQ had effect on mRNA expression and activities of the CYP450 enzymes mentioned above to some extent, and the in vivo antagonism of LQ on BR-induced CYPs adverse effects and the in vivo inhibitory action of GA on CYP2E1 and 1A2 might play an important role in the detoxification of Radix Glycyrrhizae against Strychnos nux-vomica L.

By the breeding model of physics mutagenests (60Co,UV light) and re-strong in the body of insects, We obtained a Bt strain Bt99985 with high insecticidal activity. The shake flask and 40t tank fermentation tests showed that, this strain showed special activity against Spodoptera exjgua, Comparing with original Bt strain: 93005, CK strain: HD-1-580 and GC-91, the value of potency increased respectively by 429%, 655% and 114% in shake flask test. Comparing with GC-91, the value of potency increased by 180% in 40t tank fermentation test.

Objective T_O analyze the electrophysiological features of shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS)fol- lowing stroke and investigate the relationships between peripheral nerve damage and the factors causing SHS.Meth- ods Fifty-eight stroke patients were divided into an SHS group(39 patients with shoulder-hand syndrome)and a model group(19 patients without shoulder-hand syndrome).Standard sensory and motor nerve conduction studies were performed with 58 of the patients,including sensory nerve conduction velocity(SCV),amplitude of the sensory nerve action potential(SNAP),distal motor latency(DMI)and the amplitude of the compound muscle action poten- tial(CMAP)of the median nerve.A needle electromyogram(EMG)test was performed on the abductor pollicis of the affected side with both groups.Results The needle EMG showed abnormal insertion potential,fibrillation po- tential and positive sharp waves in all 39 cases of the SHS group,which was significantly higher than in the model group.The amplitude of the sensory nerve action potential(7.77?4.34 mV)and the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential(10.13?3.15 mV)were significantly lower than those of the model group.Abnormal ampli- tude was more severe in sensory nerves than in motor nerves.Conclusion Peripheral nerve damage was found in the shoulder-hand syndrome patients,and this damage was mainly the dystrophy of axonal neuropathy.The damage severity was more in sensory nerves than in motor nerves.The study could offer an useful clue of prevention and treat- ment of shoulder-hand syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcomesof three different therapeutic approaches for the treatment of T3N0M0(stage Ⅲ) glottic squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Sixty-five cases of T3N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative intent by three different modalities include vertical hemilaryngectomy(VHL,n=21),total laryngectomy(TL,n=31)and radiotherapy(RT,n=13) were reviewed retrospectively. The survival rate,recurrence rate at the primary lesion site and jugular lymph node, and laryngeal preservation was compared among three methods. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the overall survival rates(Cox proportion hazard model) and recurrence rates at the primary lesion site or jugular lymph node among the three methods. Laryngeal function was preserved in 100% of the cases in the VHL and RT groups after initial treatment. CONCLUSION The three treatment modalities had statistically similar survival and recurrence rates. Patients treated with VHL and RT had a higher rate of laryngeal preservation compared to that of TL, hence VHL or RT is a valid alternative to TL in treating selected patients with T3N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma.