Objective To observe the changes of rat brain mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) content and activity, and explore the effect of UCP on mitochondrial energy metabolism during hypoxia exposure. Methods Adult SD rats were set randomly into control and hypoxia group (n=8 in each group). The rats of hypoxia group were put into a hypobaric chamber simulating 5000-meter high altitude for 3 days (23 h/d). The brain mitochondria was isolated by centrifugation. Mitochondrial oxidative respiratory function was measured by Clark oxygen electrode. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by Rhodamine123 method. The content of adenine nucleotide pool (ATP, ADP, AMP) in mitochondria was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. UCP content and activity were detected by [~ 3 H]-GTP binding method. Results High altitude hypoxia resulted in significant increase of UCP activity and a 2.9-fold rise of UCP content of rats (P

Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic endonasal approach in the surgical treatment of skull base lesions. Methods From May 2002 to December 2006, 112 patients with skull base lesions were treated by endoscopic endonasal surgery. Among them, 39 cases had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, 4 pituitary adenoma, 3 meningoencephalocele, 9 sphenoethmoidal cyst, 2 sphenoiditis complicated with ploypi, 12 fungal sphenoiditis, 11 inverted papilloma, 6 nasopharyngeal fibroangioma, 2 ossifying fibroma, 2 fibrous dysplasia, 7 chordoma, 2 craniopharyngioma, 10 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 undifferentiated carcinoma, and 2 papillomatous change. Results Follow-up ranged from 6 to 60 months. All the operations were completed under an endoscope. In 20 cases including 8 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 1 undifferentiated carcinoma, 7 chordoma, 2 craniopharyngioma, and 2 fibrous dysplasia, the lesion was removed subtotally. In the 39 patients with CSF leak, the lesion was cured after the first operation in 31 patients (79.5%), after the second operation in 4, and the third in 4; the final success rate was 100%. One of the patients with meningoencephalocele showed recurrence complicated CSF leakage 2 months after the operation, and then was cured by re-operation using endoscopy. In the 11 patients with inverted papilloma, 1 had recurrence 11 months after the operation, and was re-treated by lateral rhinotomy. One of the patients who had fungal sphenoiditis developed recurrence 4 month after the operation and received endoscopic endonasal surgery for the second time. One patient who had CSF leak before the operation developed intracranial infections after the endoscopic surgery. Conclusion Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive approach to treat skull base lesions. Clinicians should understand the operation indications precisely, especially for malignant tumors.

Objective To study the technique and clinical effect of naso-endoscopic surgery for cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)rhinorrhea.Methods From June 2002 to May 2007,14 patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and 28 patients with traumatic or iatrogenic CSF rhinorrhea were treated by naso-endoscopy.The CSF fistula was exposed via different surgical routes by naso-endoscopy according the sites of the lesions(including the cribriform plate or fovea ethmoidalis,sphenoid sinus,and frontal recess).Middle turbinate mucosa,fascia lata,and abdominal fat were used to repair the fistulae by using multilayer "underlay","overlay" or "Bath-plug" techniques.Results Thirty-four cases(81.0%)were cured at the first operation,4 were healed at the second attempt,and 4 were treated successfully at the third attempt.The success rate of the first operation in the patients with a fistula orifice larger than 10 mm in diameter was significantly lower than that in the patients who had a fistula orifice less than 10 mm in diameter(53.8%,7/13 vs 93.1%,27/29;?2=6.606,P=0.010).Two patients developed complications after the endoscopy(intracerebral infection in one,and hydrocephalus another),and were cured afterwards.Totally 42 patients achieved a 6-to 36-month(mean,14 months)follow-up,none of them had recurrence during this period.Conclusions Naso-endoscopic surgery is a safe,effective,and microinvasive treatment for patients with CSF rhinorrhea.Measures should be done to prevent and control the complications of the surgery.The outcomes of the treatment depend on the size of the fistula orifice.Autologous fat tissues are recommended for the repair of the fistulae larger than 10 mm in diameter.

Objective To detect the transfection of pIRES 2-EGFP-NT3 in mouse cochlea fibroblast by cationic liposome . Methods After pIRES2-EGFP-NT3 had been abstracted successfully , it was transfected into mouse cochlea fibroblast by lipofectami-neTM2000.Twenty four hours later, the efficiency of the transfection was analyzed by confocal microscope .Results The pIRES2-EG-FP-NT3 was effectively transfected into mouse cochlea fibroblast by cationic liposome .The transfected fibroblasts displaying green fluo-rescence were observed under fluorescence microscope .Conclusions The effective transfection of pIRES 2-EGFP-NT3 into mouse cochlea fibroblast by lipofectamine TM 2000 laid the basis for the following experiments , such as NT3 gene transfection in deaf or normal cochlea and so on .

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; etiology ; Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Nephrectomy ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the application effect of FMEA(failure mode and effect analysis) in prevention of aspiration after stroke.Methods From October 2011 to April 2012 48 stroke patients in our department without implementation of the FMEA management mode were set as the control group.From May 2012 to November 2012,another 48 cases were set as the observation group,in addition to the routine neurological nursing care,we also used FMEA to find forward-looking reason of the failure mode of aspiration and operation process analysis,evaluation,calculation and identify the risk factors of aspiration in patients with cerebral apoplexy and high-risk operation steps,prevention priority action plan and improvement measures.The incidence of aspiration,RPN value of six high risk factors,and satisfaction degree and mastering degree of aspiration related knowledge by patients and their families were compared.Results In the observation group,the crisis values of 6 high risk factors was significantly lower than those of the control group.Significant differences existed in satisfaction degree and mastering degree of aspiration related knowledge by patients and their families as well as hospitalization time.There was no aspiration cases during hospitalization in the observation group while 3 aspiration cases in the control group.Conclusions Application of FMEA to evaluate patients with swallowing disorder after stroke,analyzing and taking relevant measures can effectively prevent risks,reduce the occurrence of aspiration,improve the quality of nursing and promote patients' recovery.

Objective To investigate the influence of a multifaceted stroke telehome-care (THC) on extremities function, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods A total of 52 stroke survivors in department of neurology were randomized to the THC intervention or usual care. The patients in the control group received conventional care, while those in the intervention group were additionally given a THC program over 3 months. The THC intervention includes motor imagery and adaptive strategies. Data collection was undertaken using the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment Scale (FMA), the Barthel Index (BI), the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results At baseline, the scores of FMA, BI, and SIS in the intervention group were 53.62 ± 23.52, 54.04 ± 17.44, 179.96 ± 28.51, and while the scores of the control group were 50.96 ± 19.52, 49.46 ± 15.09, 169.23 ± 28.48. There were no pre-existing differences on any scale between the two groups (t=0.443, 1.012, 1.358, P > 0.05). At 3 months, the scores of FMA, BI, SIS in the control group were 53.54 ± 17.45, 50.77 ± 14.47, 76.19 ± 27.78, and were significantly lower than 78.38 ± 12.54, 74.62 ± 11.22, 228.54±22.63 in the THC group (t=5.895, 6.641, 7.449,P<0.01). At 6 months, the scores of FMA, BI, SIS in the control group were 57.88±17.89, 59.08±13.85, 183.92±26.56, and were significantly lower than 90.58 ± 9.60, 86.54 ± 9.88, 252.19 ± 20.10 in the THC group (t=8.211, 8.233, 10.451, P < 0.01). Conclusions A telehome-care program that provide distance training and education of disabled persons resulted in greater improvements in physical functioning, ADL and quality of life.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of clinical symptoms and applicability of discontiguous naikan cognitive therapy(DNCT) among convalescent schizophrenic patients.MethodsApplying DNCT,100 convalescent paranoid schizophrenic patients with convalescent clinical state were consecutively recruited.All the patients were randomly divided into DNCT group and control group and were pretreated with antipsychotic agent therapy,40 patients in DNCT group and 49 patients in control group entered the statistic analysis,11 lost.In DNCT group,the patients received DNCT for successive 28 days.In control group,the patients only received antipsychotic agent therapy.Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),Nurses'Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE) were administered to all subjects pre- and post-treatment.ResultsAfter treatment,in the study group,total PANSS scales ( (54.00 ± 10.19 ) vs (45.05 ± 5.28 ),t =5.430,P ＜ 0.01 ),the positive symptom item ((11.00±3.33) vs (9.53 ±1.85),t=3.670,P=0.01),negative symptoms item((12.15 ±4.38) vs (9.40± 2.15 ),t =4.371,P ＜ 0.01 ),general psychopathology item ( (26.90 ± 5.66) vs (22.65 ± 3.07 ) 分,t =4.494,P＜0.01 ) scored lower than before,The difference was statistically significant.PANSS study group after treatment,total scores( (45.05 ±5.28 ) vs (52.04 ± 10.36),t=-3.876 P＜0.01 ),negative symptom item score( t =- 3.789,P ＜ 0.01 ),composite item ( t =2.251,P =0.027 ),the general psychopathology item ( t =- 3.336,P =0.01 ),score significantly lower than the control group.After twelve weeks follow-up study,in the study group,PANSS total scores ( t =4.764,P ＜ 0.01 ),item score of positive symptoms ( t =2.335,P =0.025 ),negative symptoms item score( t =3.083,P =0.004) ),genial psychopathology item score ( t =4.325,P ＜ 0.01 ) was still significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant.In study group,after treatment,NOSIE Scale total negative factors scores( t =3.083,P =0.004) were significantly lower than before,total positive factors( t =-2.446,P=0.019),the total estimated factor in the disease scores ( t =-4.730,P ＜ 0.001 )were significantly higher than before treatment.After treatment,in the study group,negative factors ( t =-3.953,P=0.000) were significantly lower than the control group,twelve weeks follow-up,study group total negative factors of NOSIE scale score( t =2.126,P =0.040) was still lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant,total positive factor( t =- 2.054,P =0.047 ) still higher than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionDNCT can possibly improve part clinical symptoms of patients with convalescent schizophrenia to a certain extent,especially negative symptom,and the impact remained to the twelve weeks,but need to further prove the effect of naikan cognitive therapy.

Objective To investigate apoptosis of gastric cancer cells induced by taxol,and its specific apoptotic cell cycle phase. Methods The apoptosis rate of gastric cancer cell line MKN-28 induced by taxol was detected with Sub-G1 method.The specific apoptotic cell cycle phase Was detected with API and PSC method.The sensitivity of 20 cases clinic gastric cancer specimens induced by taxol was detected with the method MTT.Results With the Sub-G1 method the MKN-28 cells were induced by 10 μg/ml taxol,after 10 h,the apoptosis rate reached its top apex;with the API method and the PSC method,the specific apoptosts took place in G_2/M phase;the chemotherapy sensitivity of 16 cases out of 20 cases clinic gastnc cancer specimens exceed 50%with the method MTT. Conclusion Taxol could induce gastric cancer cells to aimptosis and the apoptosis takes place in G_2/M phase;Taxol is sensitive to clinic gastric cancer speclmens.

BACKGROUND: Extended high frequency audiometry is able to detect early cochlea damage. So it is useful in monitoring ototoxic, senile and noise induced hearing loss.OBJECTIVE: To study with extended high frequency audiometry the auditory function of people in highland of qinghai province without noise pollution and evaluate the sensitivity of this method in diagnosing early noise induced hearing loss. To provide the epidemiological data for early control of noise induced hearing loss in this area.DESIGN:It is a transverse comparison among normal people in two areas.SETTING: This study was cooperated by the Otolaryngeal Department of Gulou Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical College, the Otolaryngeal Department of Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Medical College and Auditory Research Center of Giessen University, Germany.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 300 people lived in highland of qinghai province received hearing test including extended high frequency audiometry. At the same time another 300 people were chosen in Nanjing city as control group.METHODS: The subjects in the two groups received the whole set of hearing tests including extended high frequency audiometry and answered a questionnaire about their personal history. The mean hearing thresholds from 0. 25-16 kHz between the two groups were compared with t-test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The difference of mean hearing thresholds from 0. 25-16 kHz between the two groups.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between hearing threshold of low frequencies and speech frequencies. The hearing threshold of high frequencies rose with the stepping-up of testing frequencies which made the possibility of measuring the hearing threshold reduced. But the hearing threshold above 6 kHz of the people in area without noise pollution was significantly higher than that of the control( P ＜ 0.05) . No difference between children and adolescence was found in the 2 groups. The epidemiological data revealed that the people without noise pollution had unperceptible hearing damage compared with the control group.CONCLUSION: The damage of impulsive noise to hearing began at 20 kHz and developed from 20 kHz to 10 kHz. If it was not protected, it would be extended to the speech frequencies and the hearing loss would get worse. So the extended high frequency audiometry was thought helpful to screen noise induced hearing loss early.