Objective:To assess the analgesic effects and side effects of buprenorphine sublingual tablet in dental treatment.Methods:500 cases for dental treatment were selected.Before management of teeth,all the patients took 0.2 mg of buprenorphine sublingual tablet.The VAS score,Kuttner face score and side effects after dental treatment were recorded.Results:The VAS scores of the patients underwent preventive,operative and prosthetic treatments were 3.99?2.34,2.72?1.67 and 2.78?1.55,the Kuttner scores of those 1.98?1.23,2.66?1.04 and 2.03?0.93,respectively.Side effect was not observed in all the patients.Conclusion:Buprenorphine sublingual tablet can relieve the pain in dental treatment.

‘Pathemas in meridians and collaterals’, a new word in stroke, is put forward by CHENG Men-xue. He emphasizes that pathemas in meridians and collaterals plays an important part in syndrome differentiation of stroke. Attention should be paied to meridians and collaterals when we treat stoke. Drugs with function of dispelling wind and removing obstruction in the meridians should be used in the whole process of the stroke.

Objective To compare the clinical effects between simple debridement and debridement and interbody fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of children with spinal tuberculosis.Methods 120 cases of children with spinal tuberculosis,were divided into control group(n =60)and observation group(n =60)according to surgical treatment.The control group was administrated with conventional simple debridement treatment,the observation group was administrated with debridement and interbody fusion and internal fixation,the efficacy and quality of life level of two groups of children were compared after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.3%,which was significantly higher than 73.3% of the control group(χ2 =7.69,P <0.01);The blood loss,operative time,postoperative complication rate of the observation group were (83.47 ±16.35)mL,(35.38 ± 12.34)min and 6.7%,respectively;which in the control group were (165.12 ±22.31)mL,(62.15 ±21.63)min and 21.7% respectively,the difference were statistically significant(t =19.95,20.34,χ2 =8.17,all P <0.05).The adverse reactions(loss of appetite,pain in the spine)rate of the observation group was 8.3%,which was significantly lower than 30.0% of the control group(χ2 =9.02,P <0.05).Conclusion The comparison with conventional simple debridement therapy,the use of debridement over interbody fusion and internal fixation is effective on treatment in children of spinal tuberculosis,children can speed up the recovery with fewer complications,which should be widely applied.

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestation of thyroid carcinoma in patient with nodular goiter,and explore the effective diagnosis and treatment method.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on patients operated upon for nodular goiter with coexisting diffetentiated thyroid carcinoma.Results Tiny papillary car-cinoma 9 cases,papillary carcinoma 1 1 cases,and follicular carcinoma 1 case.Four Chad cervical lymph node involve-ment,2 cases in the cervical compartment and 2 cases in the central area.We followed up for 10 months to 10 years, all of the patients were survival.Conclusion Early diagnosis can provide scientific basis for surgical treatment.Oper-ation should master the indication and scope,to ensure the satety,impove survival rate.

Objective To investigate the concentration changes of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin (ET) in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) combined with eerebrovascular disease.Methods One hundred and thirty-two subjects were divided into four groups: OSAS with cerebrovaseular disease group (OC group), OSAS without cerebrovascular disease group (O group), cerebrovascular disease without OSAS group (C group) and normal control group (N group).The concentrations of VEGF, NO and ET in the plasma were compared in each subgroup.Results The concentration of VEGF was significantly increased in OC group and O group compared with C group and N group[(195.34±56.7)ng/L, (162.34±48.7)ng/L, (156.4 4±51.8) ng/L, (114.1 ± 54.2) ng/L, F= 21.02, P< 0.05].The concentration of NO was increased gradually in OC group, C group, O group and N group[(62.3±4.9)mmol/L,(64.7±5.1) mmol/L, (66.2± 4.2)retool/L, (77.5 ± 6.8) mmol/L, F= 17.35, P<0.05], and the concentration of ET was decreased gradually in OC group, C group, O group and N group[(59.8±9.6)ng/L, (56.5±4.3)ng/L, (54.7±7.9)ng/L, (37.2±8.5)ng/L, F= 4.27, P<0.05].Conclusions The concentrations of VEGF and ET are increased and the concentration of NO is decreased in patients with OSAS.Patients with OSAS combined with cerebrovascular disease have higher VEGF and ET concentrations and lower NO concentration than in patients with simple OSAS.The results indicate that vascular endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the development of cerebrovascular disease in patients with OSAS.

Five-zang is the nucleus of viscera state doctrine. The nonequilibrium of Five-zang's different properties guides syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM. This article discusses five-zang's nonequilibrium from lung being a delicate viscus,correlation between lung and five-zang,physiology and pathology of lung and so on. It attaches the importance to five-zang's nonequilibrium and clinical level of syndrome differentiation.

[Objective]To assess the effect of a new invented spondylolisthesis reduction system:elevating-pull reduction system for surgical treatment of lumbar spinal spondylolisthesis associated with isthmic spondylolysis.[Method]Sixty-two patients with lumbar spinal spondylolisthesis were treated with elevating-pull reduction system combined with SRS(spondylolisthesis reduction system),after surgery the patients were evaluated for symptom improvement,intervertebral bone graft fusion,and internal fixation.[Result]The patients were followed up from 1 to 6 years(average 2 years and 5 months) in 62 patients.According to the criterion,excellent results were in 43 patients,good in 16,moderate in 3.No patient showed worse.No internal fixation loosening and breakage were found.[Conclusion]The new invented spondylolisthesis elevating-pull reduction system combined with SRS are more effective and reliable,especially for those osteoporosis patients and serious cases,the reduction and fixation are more effectively.In this procedure the pedicle entrance mouth can be seen straightly and the pedicle screw is inserted more easily.It can prevent the nerve injury,save the operation time,reduce the blood lossing,and excellent outcome can be obtained.

Objective To evaluate the non-invasive cardiac output measurements by electric impedance in critically illpatients. Methods Cardiac output measurements by impedance and Doppler ultrasonography were performed in 38 pa-tients in ICU. Results There was a significant correlation (r =0. 908 ) between impedance and ultrasonography for car-dio output measurement. Conclusion There is close agreement between electric impedance and ultrasonography in themeasurement of cardiac output in the patients. The electric impedance measurement is a noninvasive,feasible, handy, con-tinuous and cheap measurement of cardiac output.

Purpose To investigate the relationship between the changes of the thickness of retina in macula and the abnormalities in multifocal electroretinograms (mERG) in diabetic retinopathy. Methods mERG and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination were performed in 38 patients (60 eyes) with DR (phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ). The data were processed with software SPSS and line relation analysis was done. Results The response densities of N 1, P 1 and N 2 in central 5? area was significantly negative related to the thickness of neuroretina in macular fovea (correlation efficient -0.252～-0.266, P

To develop a new-type portable composite emergency treatment device with multi functions to e-liminate the deficiencies of the existing emergency treatment devices. Mechanics calculation and intensity analy-sis were involved in the design of the device by analyzing the characteristics of pre-hospital first aid in the primary med-ical facilities and the allocation of conventional medicine and materials. The device adopted a chest-like structure with some versatile truckles at the corners of the bottom, which could be transformed into the emergency materials storage chest, emergency trolley, emergency bed, worktable or stretcher. The device was versatile, mobile and convenient, and could be used for CPR, simple operation, transfusion and etc. The device can be employed for emergen-cy treatment of battle injury at war time, pre-hospital first aid at peace time or emergency support in the responses to the emergencies.