Aim To study the protective effect of total extract of astragalus(TEA) on primary rat hepatocytes injured by CCl4 or H2O2 and its mechanism.Methods The primary hepatocytes were isolated by Ⅳ collaganase and injured by CCl4 or H2O2.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathion(GSH),glutathion peroxidase(GSHpx) activity of hepatocytes and the AST and /or ALT level in cultural supernatant were determined by general methods. Results (1) The elevation of MDA content of hepatocytes and AST level in supernatant of cultural hepatocytes,and the loss of GSH content and GSHpx activity induced by CCl4 were restored remarkably by TEA(5～80 mg?L-1);(2)The elevation of ALT level in the supernatant of hepatocytes and MDA content of hepatocytes, and the loss of GSH content and GSHpx activity induced by H2O2 were improved significantly by TEA(5～80 mg?L-1) treatment.Conclusion The results suggest that TEA possess direct protective action on primary hepatocyte in vitro injured by CCl4 or H2O2. These might be associated with its anti-oxidative activity.

ObjectiveTo determine the depth of sedation induced by target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol required to inhibit the swallowing reflex.MethodsThirty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ healthy volunteers,aged 20-60 yr,with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2,were enrolled in the study.Sedation was performed with TCI of propofol.The initial target plasma concentration (Cp) of propofol was set at 2.4 μg/ml and the Cp increased or decreased by 0.2 μg/ml every 5 min until the BIS value reached the predetermined level.The initial Cp of propofol was increased or decreased by 0.3 μg/ml in the next subject according to the BIS value in the previous one.The up-and-down sequential experiment was pedormed.The BIS value was set at 65 in the first subject and the ratio of the BIS value between the two consecutive subjects was 1.1.The BIS value was increased or decreased depending on the occurrence of the swallowing reflex in the previous subject.The half-effective BIS value (BIS50) and 95％confidence interval (CI) of propofol inhibiting the swallowing reflex were calculated by up-and-down sequential method.ResultsThe BIS50 of propofol required to inhibit the swallowing reflex was 64.4 (95％ CI 59.3-69.8).ConclusionThe BIS50 and 95％ CI of propofol administered by TCI and required to inhibit the swallowing reflex is 64,4 (59.3-69.8).

[Objective]To analyse the imaging findings of thoracic and lumbar fibrous dysplasia and evaluate the imaging characteristics.[Method]Among 5 cases of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of thoracic and lumbar spines,4 were imaged with CT scaning,2 with MRI and 5 with X-ray.All materials were analysed.[Result]Each X-ray revealed a round or oval radiolucent lesion surrounded by a distinct and thick rim of sclerosis.CT showed a round or oval low-density lesion with a high-density borderline between the lesion and normal vertebral bone tissue.Bone cortex remained intact in all cases.The lesion showed homogeneous long T1 signal on T1WI and hypo-or isointensity signal on T2WI.There was a characteristic hypointensity loop surrounded the lesion on T1WI,T2WI and PdWI.The lesion was demonstrated obviously in the contrast enhancement of scanning.[Conclusion]Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of thoracic and lumbar spine shows distinctive imaging characteristics that are different from dysplasia of limb bone or skull.These characteristics are decisive in the diagnosis of the lesion.

Objective To explore the effect and significance of AQP4 mRNA expression in bronchial epithelium of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on airway inflammation. Methods Bronchial epithelium was obtained by bronchoscopy in patients with COPD (n=30) and healthy controls (n=30) whose bronchial epithelium was confirmed to be normal by the pathologist. AQP4 mRNA were studied by RT-PCR method. Inflammatory cells infiltration was observed by HE staining; pulmonary function test was performed too before bronchoscopy. Results Compared with that in the healthy controls, AQP4 mRNA expression in COPD was reduced (P

Objective\ To evaluate the immediate effects and strength of allograft fusion cage(AFC) used for reconstructing stability of cervical spine. Methods\ Discs of C 5 and C 6 were resected on 8 fresh human cervical spine specimens, and autogenous iliac bone grafts(AIBG), and AFCs were implanted into the intervertebral spaces respectively. Compression test, pull out test and segmental motion measurement were studied.Results\ Comparing with intact and AIBG groups, the range of motions of C5-6 in AFC group were decreased in all directions except for extension; with (502?114) N compressive load,the vertebrae in AFC group were broken while the AFC were intact, but the AIBG were broken at (135?42) N load; with 300 N drawing load,no loosening was found between AFCs and vertebra, but it was found between AIBG and vertebra at 60 N load. Conclusion\ AFC could provide enough support,anti slide ability and could remain or increase the height of intervertebral spaces. It completely meets clinical and biomechanical requirements.

Objective To find out the main target organs, their main pathological changes and to explore the toxic mechanism of the macleaya cordata. Method SD rats were intoxicated by oral administration with extracts of macleaya cordata followed by pathological and electromicroscopic examination of main organs. Results The LD50 was 19.5% when 1.5g/ml macleaya cordata extract was oral administrated. All pocsoned rat's serum GPT, Cr, BUN, CK, CK-MB increased markedly. The EKG were abnormal. The weight of brain, liver, spleen, and kidneys decreased significantly. There were extensive congestion and hemorrhage in heart, brain, liver and kidneys. The mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane of the rat's heart, brain, liver, and kidney were destroyed. Conclusion The results indicated that the toxic target organs of macleaya cordata were the heart, brain, liver and kidneys mainly. The toxic mechanism of macleaya cordata poisoning was the damage of the mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane directly causd by the macleaya cordata.

Objective To investigate the role of Survivin gene in the pathogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma and its correlation with VEGF in tumor metastasis. Methods The expressions of Survivin mRNA and VEGF protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, in 42 colorectal adenocarcinoma samples. Results Survivin mRNA expression was positive in 23 cancer samples(54 8%), while no expression was detected in adjacent normal tissue. The expression of Survivin gene significantly correlated with histological differentiation and Dukes stage, but not with gender or lymph node metastasis. The expression of VEGF significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. The expressions of Survivin and VEGF were coincident. The colorectal adenocarcinomas which expressed both the Survivin and VEGF were more inclined to occur lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Survivin gene expression significantly correlated with the clinico-pathologic characteristics and biologic behavior in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Detection of Survivin expression may be valuable for diagnosing colorectal adenocarcinoma, and evaluating malignancy extent and prognosis.

Cytokine storm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver failure.It is closely related to hepatocyte necrosis in the clini-cal course and the prognosis of this disease.With Kupffer cells as a clue,it is elucidated that related cells and cytokines influence each other and jointly function in the development and progression of liver failure,leading to serious liver tissue damage and necrosis.Cytokine -based research can help improve early diagnosis,disease assessment,and individualized treatment for liver failure.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of acyclovir in the treatment of liver-transplanted children with EB-viremia. METHODS:Retrospectively analysis was conducted for the general information of 10 liver-transplanted children with EB-viremia, preoperative donor and recipient EBV infection and treatment,tacrolimus dose and plasma concentration before and after interven-tion,platelets,serum creatinine and white blood cell levels before and after treatment,and the recurrence were followed-up. RE-SULTS:Biliary atresia was the primary disease for all the children,EB virus polymerase chain reaction(EBV-PCR)was positive, and there was no routine testing for donor HBV infection;6 cases reduced the tacrolimus dose,4 remained unchanged,and 9 cas-es of plasma concentrations reduced after intervention,9 were negative and 2 recoveried. There were no significant differences in the platelets,serum creatinine and white blood cells before and after treatment(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Acyclovir can be used in the treatment of liver-transplanted children with EB-viremia,with good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of over the counter dispensing model on hospital pharmaceutical work quality improvement and its social benefits. METHODS: The practice of over the counter dispensing model in the outpatient dispensary in our hospital was compared with the traditional model of drug dispensing through a small window. RESULTS: Over the counter dispensing service model can help improve the work efficiency in outpatient dispensary, strengthen pharmacists' consciousness on pharmaceutical care. CONCLUSION: Over the counter dispensing model can be applied in large and medium-sized hospitals.