Objective To assess the effect of Ambroxol combined with Naloxone on respiratory insufficiency on premature infants. Methods A total of 168 premature infants treated from 2006 to 2009 in our hospital were divided into two groups randomly. Additionally to the conventional treatment, Ambroxol (5 mg pertime) combined with Naloxone (0.1mg pertime) intravenously injected 2 to 3 times one day for 3 to 5 days in the treatment group(86 cases). The control group (82 cases) was treated by routine Aminophylline injection,3- 5 mg/kg pertime, 2 to 3 times one day. Respiratory rates, regulately or not,breathholding, cyanosis and apnea,mechanically ventilated time,time of oxygen inhaling, time of hospital stay and the overall response rate were measured. Results The overall response rate was 80% (69/86) in the treatment group and 56% (46/82)in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Mechanically ventilated time,time of oxygen inhaling and hospital stay in the treatment group was (110.5±45.1) hrs, (169.3±58.6) hrs and ( 12±3) days, which were all significantly lower than that in the control group ( 181.1±81.2) hrs, (236.6±87.8)hrs and (16±5)days,respectively(P＜0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion Ambroxol and Naloxobe additional to conventional treatment could improve the respiratory function in premature infants with respiratory insufficiency safely with less side effects. Moreover,breathing machine could be removed to some extent,which made it more applicable in primary hospitals.

ObjectiveTo study the mastery, acquiring ways and need of studying the knowl-edge and skill of emergency treatment in non- medical junior college and technical secondary school students. MethodsThe survey was carried out in 600 non-medical junior college and technical sec-ondary school students to investigate their mastery and need of emergency knowledge, the results underwent analysis. ResultsThe mastery of the emergency knowledge was uneven in non- medical junior college and technical secondary school students. 100.0% of them can call 120 correcdy, 58.5% of them mastered the e-mergency treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, and 25.0% mastered cardiac pulmonary resuscitation. All the students desired to hold the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment. Television, broadcast and internet were the main ways for them to master emergency knowledge. ConclusionsThe mastery of the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment is not good. It is urgent to educate and train them with the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment, and to improve knowledge and skill of emergency treatment.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience in prehospital first-aid of patients with cardiac traumas in order to improve the cooperation capability of prehospital first-aid. Methods The nursing cooperation of prehospital first-aid of 33 patients with cardiac trauma was analyzed retrospec-tively. Results 24 cases of them were rescued successfully, and were completely recovered without se-quelas. 4 cases complicated with severe multiple trauma, died after arriving at hospital, and 3 cases com-plicated with multiple trauma died of complications, while 2 cases with injury of thoracic aorta died during the surgery. Conclusions Early emergency treatment and judgment of traumatic condition could pro-vide valuable chance for inhospital first-aid.

Objective To study some sensitive electrophysiological parameters in surveillance of allograft rejection.Methods Forty rats underwent heterotopic heart transplantations.IMEG was re- corded by an epicardiac unipolar pacing lead fixed at the right ventricular outflow tract.QRS amplitude and heart rate were determed daily in 10 syngeneic and 30 allogeneic transplants.Syngeneic transplants were killed at 7 th postoperative day,and allogeneic transplants killed at 3 rd,5 th and 7 th postopera- tive day.Histopathologie studies were performed at every transplanted heart.Results In syngeneic group,QRS amplitude kept constant after the transplantation while no significant differences were ob- served at the 3 rd,5 th and 7 th postoperative day.QRS amplitude was dropped obviously in allogeneic group after the first two postoperative days whereas significant differences were observed at the rejec- ting and non-rejecting hearts.Conclusions IMEG is a valid method to monitor acute allograft rejec- tion.QRS amplitude is a more sensitive electrophysiological parameter to diagnose severe rejections than heart rate,while mild rejections were not detected by this method.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP 1) and the biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma by detecting chemokine mRNA and protein in human colorectal cancerous tissues. Methods The expression of the MCP 1 mRNA was detected in colorectal carcinoma collected freshly from surgical specimens by RT PCR and the expression of the MCP 1 protein was assessed in colorectal carcinoma tissues collected from surgical specimens by immunohistochemistry. Results All the 12 colorectal carcinoma expressed the MCP 1 mRNA, which was detected by RT PCR; MCP 1 protein was detected in 90% of the tumors; The expression of the MCP 1 protein in colorectal carcinoma was correlated with its state of metastasis and the Dukes' stage. Conclusions The expression of chemokine MCP 1 in colorectal carcinoma may influence its biological behaviour.

Objective To explore the mechanism of macro-reentry atrial tachycardia and to guide catheter ablation using electroanatomic mapping system in 3 patients.Methods Three patients(two females),aged 51?12 years,with atrial tachycardia were included.The mean history of symptom was 19?11 years.Conventional electrophysiological study was performed to determine the location of atrial tachycardia before the three dimensional geometry reconstruction.After voltage and activation maps were constructed,the mechanism of tachycardia was analyzed and the slow conduction areas(critical isthmus) were verified.Radiofrequency energy was delivered using irrigated-tip catheter.Results Though there was no evidence to suggest structural heart diseases,scar areas were found in the mapped atria in all the three cases.The mechanism of atrial tachycardia was found to be counter-clockwise macro-reentry around tricuspid valve,counter-clockwise macro-reentry around superior vena cava,and figure "8" reentry in left atria in the 3 patients respectively.The respective critical isthmus was found to be between the lateral scar and tricuspid valve,the lateral scar and superior vena cava,and two scars on the left atria roof.Ablation in the critical isthmus terminated all tachycardia.There were no atrial tachycardia recurrence during a follow-up of 9-10 months.Conclusion The substrate and electrophysiological mechanism of macro-reentry atrial tachycardia could be identified clearly,and navigation ablation could be performed effectively under the guidence of electroanatomic mapping.

Objective The self-microemulsifying drug delivery system(SMEDDS) with tanshinone ⅡA was prepared in order to develop its new dosage forms.Methods Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were used to evaluate the self-microemulsification existence area under emulsifier,coemulsifer,and oil phase.The HPLC analysis in vitro was set up.Solubility in various vehicles was determined.The self-microemulsification efficiency was assessed,such as stability,particle size,and Zeta potential.Results The solubi-lity of tanshinone ⅡA in SMEDDS was about 2.5 mg/g,droplet size was within 20 nm,and the absolute value of Zeta potential was over 60 mV.The stability of SMEDDS with tanshinone ⅡA was better in centrifugal condition with high temperature but not good enough to the light.Conclusion The SMEDDS can make tanshinone ⅡA solublized in water,and is an optimum vehicle in new dosage forms of tanshinone ⅡA.

Objective To construct the multi-epitope antigen(mea) gene of G2 glycoprotein of Hantavirus SEO type L99 strain.Methods The B cell epitopes was chosen and connected by three-peptide GPG after the amino acid sequence of G2 protein was analyzed and predicted by bioinformatical soft wares.The corresponding gene mea was constructed by overlap PCR,and cloned into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET32a(+).Results The mea gene was successfully constructed by the five epitopes being chosen.The recombinant plasmid pET32a-mea was acquired by directional cloning.Conclusion The mea and its expression system E.coli BL21/pET32a-mea were constructed for the first time.The foundation was laid for the expression of the mea and its immunological applications.

Objective To investigate the effect of hemodialysis(HD) on the endothelial cells of the patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD). Methods The study population consisted of 30 patients with undergoing first hemodialysis treatment and 20 healthy individuals from March to November of 2003.The number of circulating endothelial cells(CEC) and the concentration of von Willebrand factor(vWF) were measured in HD patients at predialysis,1h during HD,2h during HD,and the end of HD.CEC and vWF were observed in healthy subjects. Results CEC and vWF were increased in HD patients compared with healthy individuals,and elevated continuously during HD.Increased CEC and vWF were correlated significantly with duration of HD. Conclusion Endothelial cell dysfunction exists in the patients with ESRD.HD procedures may cause endothelial cell damage.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of ligustrazine injection(LTZ)on DNA synthesis of vascular endothelial cell.METHODS:In vitro cultured cell line of human umbilical vein endothelial cells,ECV304,were adopted to measure the ef?fects of LTZ on DNA synthesis by 3 H-TdR incorporation.RESULTS:LTZ could inhibit DNA synthesis of ECV304in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION:The mechanism of anti-angiogenesis of LTS might be associated with inhibiting DNA synthesis of vascular endothelial cell.