Objective To investigate the effect of nerve grafting to enzyme histochemical changes on neurons after brachinal plexus nerve in jury in young rats. Methods Model of C5 resection was set up in 24 18-day-old SD rats. Experimental animals were divided in to two groups, one group for C5 resection, another for nerve grafting in repairing the C5 defection. At 4 weeks postoperatively, cholinesterase (CHE) and acidphosphatase (ACP) histochemical stain of neurons in C5 anterior horn and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were detected. Results Compared with C5 resection group, bio-activity of CHE of C5 repairing group was statistically higher, and that of ACP was statistically lower. Conclusion Nerve grafting has protective effect on survival of neurons after brachial plexus nerve injury in young rats.

Objective To investigate the difference of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor content of proximal neurons after nerve grafting was used to reconstruct C5 root in young rats.Methods Model of C5 resection was set up in 12 18-day-old SD rats.Experimental animals were divided in to two groups, one group for C5 resection, another for nerve grafting to reconstruct the C5 defection.At 4 weeks postoperatively, the immunohistochemical staining was performed and the number of GDNF and GFRa1 immunohistochemical positive neurons were calculated respectively.Results The number of GDNF positive neurons in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion of C5 repairing group was 786.3 ± 176.84 and 2997.0 ±357.99, and that of C5 resection group was 335.0 ± 49.50 and 1632.0 ± 305.55.On the other hand, the number of GFRa1 positive neurons in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion of C5 repairing group was 787.5 ±178.55 and 3111.0 ± 445.72, that of the other group was 397.3 ± 41.78 and 1588.3 ± 229.00.The statistical analysis result showed GDNF and GFR immunohistochemical positive neurons in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion of C5 repairing group was statistically more than that of C5 resection group(P < 0.01 ).Conclusion The neuronal protective effect of nerve grafting after reconstructing brachial plexus nerve injury in young rats may be attributed to the increase of GDNF and its receptor GFRa1 content of proximal neuron.

Objective To disclose the relationship of the target muscle function and different time interval after nerve grafting reconstructed C5 root resection in young rats.Methods Model of C5 resection was set up in 48 18-day-old SD rats.The rats were randomly divided into C5 resection group,immediate repairing group,3 days delayed repairing group,and 6,9,12,15,18 days delayed repairing groups.Each group experienced nerve grafting bridged the C5 nerve root defection at its time interval.At 6 weeks postoperatively,electrophysiological and histochemical experiment were performed.Results There was no statistical difference among the data of CMAP amplitude and latency and weight of target muscles and number of distal myelinated fiber of immediate repairing group and those of 3,6 days delayed repair group at 6 weeks postoperatively,but compared with C5 resection group,the dates was statistically higher.There was no statistical difference between the data of C5 resection group and that of 15,18 days delayed repairing group.Conclusion Nerve reconstruction for C5 root injury in young rats within 0-6 days (equal to 0-4 months in human beings) has a satisfactory protective effect on target muscles.It suggests that the OBPP children who have the operation indication should undergo surgical management in 4 months after their birth.

Objective To disclose the relationship of neuronal protective effect and different time interval after nerve grafting reconstructed C5 root resection in young rats.Methods Model of C5 resection was set up in 18-day-old SD rats from Jauary 2009 to December 2009.Forty-eight rats with C5 resection were randomly divided into C5 resection group,immediate repairing group,three days delayed repairing group,and 6,9,12,15,18 days delayed repairing groups.Each group experienced nerve grafting bridged the C5 nerve root defection at its time interval.At 4 weeks postoperatively,the numbers of True Blue positively labeled neurons in all groups were counted respectively.Results There was no statistical difference among the number of proxinal neuron of immediate repairing group and those of 3,6 days delayed repair group (P ＞ 0.05),but compared with C5 resection group,the number of neurons was statistically higher (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference between the number of motoneurons of immediate repairing group and that of 9 days delayed repairing group(P ＞ 0.05),but there was statistical difference between sensory neurons of this two groups(P ＜ 0.05).The neuron number of inmediate repairing group was statistically higher than those of 12,15,18 days delayed repairing group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Nerve reconstruction for C5 root injury in young rats within 0-9days (equal to 0-6 months in human beings) has a satisfactory protective effect on proximal neuron.It suggests that the OBPP children who have the operation indication should undergo surgical management in 6 months after their birth.

This review summarizes the research related to early rehabilitation after cardiac surgery, Including the methods, programs, evaluation and effects of rehabilitation.It is proposed that individualized early rehabilitation after cardiac surgery should be provided; the effect of early rehabilitation needs to be further explored; future research should focus on the medium and long-term effects of rehabilitation.

ZJ-XD-I multifunctional internal sterilization machine for medical instrumentation is applied in medical instrumentations with circulatory loop such as anesthetic machine and respirator. The machine can generate ozone and hydrogen peroxide, and then the two gases are mixed and introduced into the internal loop to eliminate adnexed hydrogen peroxide such as the virus and germ, and thus the nosocomial infection due to repeated uses of medical instrumentations. The machine is composed of the gas compression component, atomization unit, gas extraction component, control circuit and the filtrating unit.

ObjectiveTo screen the items of Advanced Cancer patient Needs Questionnaire (ACNQ)and develop a short version.MethodsA total of 80 cancer patients of middle and advanced stage were recruited.The items were screened with variation degree method and factor analysis method,combined with clinical meaning of the items.The reliability and validity of newly-development scale were confirmed with new sample of 60 cancer patients.ResnltsThrough statistical methods 12 items were removed from the original scale,forming a short version of Advanced Cancer patient Needs Questionnaire:ACNQ-29.The correlation coefficient of split half reliability was 0.913.The Cronbach′s α coefficient of all items was 0.923.Through principal components and factor analysis,7 principal components were gained including basically the 4 dimensions of physiological,psychological,spiritual and social domain with accumulation contribution of 75.478％.ConclusionsNew scale has good reliability and validity,and more easily for patients to complete.It has feasibility and practicability.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of parecoxib sodium for preemptive analgesia.Methods PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and CNKI database were searched for randomized placebo-controlled trials involving the efficacy of parecoxib sodium for preemptive analgesia.The modified Jadad scale was used for quality assessment.Evaluation indexes included VAS scores at 1,6,12 and 24 h after operation,consumption of morphine within 24 h after operation,and incidences of nausea and vomiting after operation.Meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0.2 software.Results Fourteen randomized placebo-controlled trials involving 1086 patients were included in our meta-analysis.The modified Jadad scale scores for the 14 studies were ≥ 4.The patients were divided into 2 groups:placebo group and parecoxib sodium 40 mg injected before operation group.The results of meta-analysis showed that VAS scores at 1,6,12 and 24 h after operation were significantly decreased,the consumption of morphine within 24 h after operation was reduced,and the incidences of nausea and vomiting after operation were decreased in parecoxib sodium 40 mg injected before operation group as compared with placebo group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intravenous injection of parecoxib sodium 40 mg before operation can produce significant preemptive analgesic efficacy and is helpful in decreasing the adverse effect of postoperative analgesia.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic radial incision (ERI) for benign stricture of upper digestive system. Methods Patients with benign esophageal or gastric stricture (including anastomotic stricture, stricture after ESD and caustic stricture) were enrolled in this study. The stage of stricture, length of the lesion and the thickness of the scar were recorded. ERI (maybe associated with balloon dilatation) were performed. Post-opera-tive symptoms, complications and follow-up were also recorded. Results 7 patients were enrolled and all received ERI, and 4 additional balloon dilatation were done. Dysphagia in all patients relieved. 1 case with hemorrhage oc-curred and relieved with conservative treatment. Majority of the patients got long-term remission after 1~2 times of ERI. Conclusion ERI is safe and effective for benign stricture of upper digestive system. It may prolong the dyspha-gia-free period, worth clinical promotion.

BACKGROUND: The blocking treatment can improve the clinic symptom of facial spasm. But the site, depth and the angle of puncturing point are very difficult to be defined, which will seriously infect the curative effect.OBJECTIVE: To study the applied anatomy of the related structures of facial muscle for blocking the facial nerve, and to provide anatomical bases for accurate puncturing point and preventing complications.DESIGN: An observation study based on cadavers and making the mimic puncture and measuring the correlative structures with anatomical method.SETTING: Department of anatomy in a medical college.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 28 adult male cadavers(56 sides) were used and the correlative index were measured.METHODS: The blocking point was located at the convergent point of the interior edge of cartilage of the external acoustic canal, the anterior fringe of mastoid processes and the posterior fringe of mandible ramus, the needle must be thrust vertically to the median sagittal plane. The puncturing needle stopped until it was barred. A longitudinal incision was made from the puncturing point to mandibula angle, and skin, superficial fascia were cut separately. Then carotid superficial fascia was cut from the posterior fringe of parotidean. The facial nerve trunk and the posterior auricular artery were preserved in site. A blunt isolation was made along its incision. Jugular glomus was appeared. Then the correlative index were measured and dealt with statistics method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The puncturing point, angle and depth,the distance between facial nerve trunk and puncturing point, the position relationship between facial nerve and puncturing needle and the distance relationship between facial nerve and principal structures adjacent to it.RESULTS: The blocking point was located at the convergent point of the interior edge of the external acoustic canal, the anterior fringe of mastoid processes and the posterior fringe of mandible ramus, the needle must be thrust vertically to the median sagittal plane. On the left side, the puncturing depth was (19.91 ± 0.09) mm, On the right side, the puncturing depth was(19.28±0. 10) mm.CONCLUSION: The experimental study could provide accurate puncturing point, angle and depth for blocking the facial nerve and bring the blocking treatment into full play.