Objective:To test the microtensile bonding strength between root canal wall and Bis-Core, and that between root canal wall and Chemil Superior glass-ionomer.Methods:10 human maxillary incisors extracted within one week were kept for another one week after root canal treatment and removeal of the crowns,each root was splited into two parts along with the long axis by Isomet saw, the bonding interface on one third of upside of root dentin smear layer was made with Diamond bur at a high-speed. Then Bis-Core and Chemil Superior glass-ionomer were put on root canal inner surface of each half part of the root respectively, samples with the size of 1.00 mm?1.00 mm were prepared by Isomet saw. Two samples in which bonding interface was perpendiculur to load were selected and fixed in Microtensile testing machine for bonding strength test. Results:Microtensile bonding strength(MPa) between Bis-Core and root canal inner wall and that between root canal inner wall and Chemil Superior glass-ionomer was 20.65?1.72 and 12.89?1.63 respectively(P

Objective:To observe the microstructure of interface between material and dentin after root canal rehabilitation. Methods:Three human maxillary incisors extracted within one week were used. After crowns being removed and received root canal treatment, they were used for the study. The root was split into two parts along the long axis, then the bonding interface was made with high speed diamond bur. Bis-Core and Chemil Superior glass-ionomer were stacked on root canal inner wall respectively and the teeth were split along with the long axis with Isomet saw, in order to expose bonding interface. The microstructure of bonding interface of the samples were analyzed by optical microscope and atomic force microscope(AFM). Results: AFM observation of the adhesive interface specimens showed that Chemil Superior glass-ionomer and teeth knitted together completely and no filling invaded into dentin tube. While the bonding interface between Bis-Core and dentin, dentin primer infiltrated into dentin tube and matrix around through the smear layer and colophony protruded. Conclusion:The observations reveal the extent of resin penetration into the dentinal tubules provides a very strong bonding. This is a fundamental cause of resin better bond to tooth.

AIM:To compare the influence of anterior chamber maintainer and viscoelastic agent on corneal astigmatism and endothelial cells after phacoemulsification.METHODS:Totally 70 patients(70 eyes) of cataract from April 2013 to April 2015 were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 35 cases in each group.The study group were treated with anterior chamber maintainer during phacoemulsification with support system approach, and the control group were treated with phacoemulsification under viscoelastic agent.RESULTS:The age (t=0.215, P=0.831), the density of corneal endothelial cells (t=-0.352, P=0.726) and corneal luminosity (t=-0.162, P=0.872) of two groups had no significant difference before surgery;there were no significant difference in preoperative visual acuity (t=0.463, P=0.599) and visual acuity (t=1.616, P=0.124) at 1mo after operation.And patients in the study group (t=-21.129, P<0.01) and the control group (t=-12.780, P<0.01) before surgery and 1mo postoperative when compared with the naked eye eyesight showed significant difference.The visual acuity after operations improved significantly.There were significant differences of corneal endothelial cells density (t=8.489, P< 0.01) and corneal astigmatism (t=-2.032, P=0.046) in the study group before surgery and 1mo after surgery;corneal endothelial cell density (t=8.999, P<0.01) and corneal astigmatism (t=-2.167, P=0.034) in the control group before surgery and 1mo after surgery also had significant differences.There was no significant difference in the rate of corneal endothelial cell loss between the two groups (t=0.410, P=0.683).CONCLUSION:Compared with viscoelastic agent, anterior chamber maintainer during phacoemulsification in patients with cataract won't increase the damage of postoperative surgically induced astigmatism and corneal endothelial cells, which mean the method of anterior chamber maintainer during phacoemulsification in the treatment of cataract is safe and effective.

Objective To study the change of frequency tuning in inferior collicular neurons when added weak noise forward masking.Methods We examined the changes in neuronal frequency tuning resulted from a weak white noise as forward masking relative to 5dB beyond minimum threshold (reMT+5) and different duration (40、60、80、100 ms) under free field stimulation conditions.Results Weak noise forward masking sharpens frequency tuning curves (FTCs) of most neurons (P

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of different surgical methods in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with negative cervical lymph nodes (cN0) and to provide theoretical basis for the selection of surgical procedures. Methods:A total of 225 PTC cN0 patients were selected and divided into two groups according to the operation method. Only 110 patients underwent total thy-roidectomy, whereas the 115 cases in the lobectomy group underwent ipsilateral lobectomy and isthmus resection. Al patients were treated with ipsilateral central lymph node dissection. We analyzed both groups of patients in terms of surgery, hospitalization, pathological characteristics, complications, follow-up, and recurrence. Results:(1) The length of incision, blood loss, operation time, and length of stay were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). (2) In the total resection group, the number of multiple foci of the cancer cases was significantly more than that of the lobectomy patients (P<0.05). The average tumor diameter in both groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Between the two groups, the number of central lymph node dissection and total lymph node metastasis, and the number of cases with central lymph node metastasis were not significantly different (P>0.05). Likewise, the incidence rates of mistakenly cut parathyroid, extremely low blood calcium levels, temporary larynx return nerve paralysis, and superior laryngeal nerve injury were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). No permanent hypocalcemia or permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred. (3) All patients were followed up for 2-4.5 years. No recurrent cases were reported in the total resection group. For the lobectomy group, 8 patients with adenocarcinoma had contralateral tumor metastasis and underwent contralateral lobe resection, whereas 4 patients suffered from ipsilateral neck lymph node metastasis at the side area and underwent functional lymph node clearance. Significant differences were noted in the metastasis and recurrence rates between the two groups of patients (P<0.05). No deaths were reported during the follow-up period. Conclusion:For PTC cN0 patients, total thyroidectomy with joint ipsilateral central lymph node clearance can reduce the residual tumor, metastasis, and risk of recurrence,compared with surgery limited to the affected lobe and isthmus. Postoperative complications were not significantly increased.

Individual stature estim ation is one of the m ost im portant contents of forensic anthropology. C urrently, it has been used that the regression equations established by the data collected by direct m ea-surem ent or radiological techniques in a certain group of lim bs, irregular bones, and anatom ic landm arks. D ue to the im pact of population m obility, hum an physical im provem ent, racial and geographic differ-ences, estim ation of individual stature should be a regular study. T his paper review s the different m ethods of stature estim ation, briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of each m ethod, and prospects a new research direction.

Objective To investigate the effects of As_2O_3 on expression of NF-?B p65, survivin and caspase-3 in human breast infiltrating duct carcinoma xenograft model on nude mice. Methods A human breast infiltrating duct carcinoma model on nude mice was established and the nude mice were divided randomly into three groups: control group, DDP group and As_2O_3 group (1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg concentrations). The expression of survivin mRNA was detected with the method of in situ hybridization and the expressions of NF-?B p65, survivin and caspase-3 protein were measured with immunohistochemistry. Results The positive rates of NF-?B p65 and survivin expression were higher in the control group than those in the DDP group and the As_2O_3 groups, but that of caspase-3 was on the opposite way (P

Background and purpose:There were reports that radiotherapy might intensify angiogenesis and result in the resistance of tumor to radiotherapy.Endostar,a new type rh-endostatin,may specifically inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth,so it may reduce the resistance to radiotherapy.This study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Endostar in combination with radiation compared with cisplatin(DDP) plus radiation on lung adenocarcinoma A549 in BALB/c nude mice.Methods:We established A549 lung adenocarcinoma xenograft models.When the largest diameter of tumor reached 1.0 cm,all mice were randomized into 4 groups(n=6):control,radiation alone,radiation plus DDP,radiation plus Endostar.We measured the largest diameter and the vertical diameter of the tumors at different time points after treatment.At the 16th day,mice were executed and the tumors were subjected to removal for the analysis of apoptosis,and the expression level of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were also detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:The tumor growth velocity of control,radiation alone,radiation plus DDP,radiation plus Endostar were(162?6)%,(131?8)%,(104?7)% and(108?11)% respectively(P0.05).The apoptosis rates of control,radiation alone,radiation plus DDP,radiation plus Endostar were(12.2?1.1)%,(16.5?0.8)%,(24.4?1.5)% and(20.5?1.9)%,respectively(P

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide (As 2O 3) on the survivin expression in heterologous graft model of human breast infiltrating duct carcinoma in nude mice. Methods Nude mice bearing the transplanted tumor were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (saline), positive control (cisplatin at the dose of 1.5 mg/kg), and two experimental groups (arsenic trioxide at the doses of 1.5 mg/kg and 3.0 mg/kg). The expression of survivin mRNA and protein expressions of surviving and Caspase 3 in neoplastic tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical method, respectively. Results In negative control group, the expressions of survivin mRNA and survivin protein were in moderate degree with positive rates of 82.42% and 78.85%, respectively. The positive rates of moderate degree in experimental groups 1 and 2 were gradually decreased with the increasing dose of arsenic trioxide ( P

To investigate amethod which could prolong the efficient time of morphine and decrease side effect. Met hods:100 patients were randomly divided into four groups, receiving the different dispensation of analgesia. Analgesic solutions were given into epi dural space 510 minutes before operation was finished. Analgesic efficiency, efficient time, and side effects were recorded. esult: Sol utions diluted with hypertonia glucose injection might prolong the efficient time obviously (P＜0.01). When combined with bupivacaine or scopolamine the sid e effects were decreased. Conclusion: Morphine combined wi th bupivacaine or scopolamine diluted with hypertonis glucose injection, used in epidural analgesia, can bring longer efficient time and less side effects.