AlM: To investigate the influences of 577nm panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP ) on the retinal thickness of macular fovea on diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .METHODS:A total of 45 eyes of 37 cases suffering from preproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PPDR ) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) undergoing 577nm PRP were enrolled in this study. The alterations of the retinal thickness of macular fovea measured by optovue optical coherence tomography( OCT) before and 1, 3, 6mo following PRP were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS: The macularfoveal retinal thickness after 1, 3mo of PRP had significantly increased that before operation (P<0. 05). After 6mo postoperative follow-up, it gradually recovered to the level before PRP, with no significant difference (P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: After the treatment of PRP, it appeared a transient increase on the retinal thickness of macular fovea, but after 6mo following-up, the macular foveal retinal thickness decreased nearly to the levels before PRP.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antitubercular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Coal Mining ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Ofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Silicotuberculosis ; drug therapy

Corneal endothelial cell(CEC)is the most critical part for the cornea, of which activity can influence the postoperative vision.It is very important for the clinical cornea preservation considering the function and its self-purification of donor cornea.There are a variety of classical methods, which can significantly prolong the saving time of donor cornea with its good quality of CEC.We reviewed the published papers about present preservation methods of cornea, which can give us many suggestions for the clinical cornea preservation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the improvements in constipation differentiated as intestine system syndrome and lung system syndrome treated with electroacupuncture (EA) and explore their correlation.

METHODSSeventy cases of severe functional constipation were randomized into an EA group and a pseudo-EA group, 35 cases in each one. In the EA group, the needles were inserted deeply at Tianshu (ST 25) and Fujie (SP 14) on bilateral sides, and directly went to parietal peritoneum. EA was attached to the needles, dense-disperse wave, 2 Hz/15 Hz, and 0.1 to 1.0 mA. The perpendicular insertion was done at Shangjuxu (ST 37), 25 mm in depth. After qi arrival, the needle was lifted, thrusted and rotated once every 10 min, for 3 times totally. The needles were retained for 30 min. In the pseudo-EA group, the pseudo-points lateral to Tianshu (ST 25), Fujie (SP 14) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) on bilateral sides were punctured shallowly. The electric stimulation was pretended to connect but with the electric wire cutting off. The needles were retained for 30 min. The treatment was given 5 times weekly in the first two weeks and 3 times weekly in the later 6 weeks. Totally, 28 treatments were required. TCM intestine and lung syndrome scale was used for evaluation. The changes in TCM syndromes were observed before and after treatment in the patients of the two groups.

RESULTSThe total score of intestine and lung syndrome and the score of individual syndrome were all reduced after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (both P<0.01). The improvements of the EA group in the total score of intestine system syndrome, the scores of large. intestine syndrome and stomach syndrome, the total score of lung system syndrome and the score of lung dysfunction in dispersing and descending syndrome were superior to those of the pseudo-EA group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The differences in the scores of lung qi deficiency syndrome and throat syndrome were not significant between the two groups (all P>0.05). Simultaneously, the very strong positive correlation (P<0.01) and positive linear correlation (P<0.01) were presented in the total score of intestine and lung syndrome of the two groups.

CONCLUSIONEA obviously improves in intestine system syndrome (including large intestine syndrome and stomach syndrome), as well as lung system syndrome (lung dysfunction in dispersing and descending) in the treatment of constipation. But the improvements are not apparent in the treatment of lung qi deficiency and throat disorder. Additionally, the obvious correlation is displayed in the improvements in intestine and lung syndrome.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Constipation ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; physiopathology ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the characteristics of ischemia-reperfusion induced infant lung damage and the potential mechanisms of the injuried.Methods Both infant (15-21 days old) and adult (5-6 months old) rabbits were subjected to either ischemia-reperfusion or sham operation.Ischemia-reperfusion was induced by clamping the right pulmonary hilum for 1 hour and then removal of the clamp for 4 hours under anesthesia.The lung tissue were sampled for histological examination by light and electron microcopies and for biological evaluation of mitochondrial alterations.Production and expression of free radical species-hydroxyl radical (ROS-HR),malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX),myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD-88),and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lung tissue were also examined.In addition,circulating levels of interleukin-β and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured during the ischemia-reperfusion process.Results In comparison to adult lungs,the infant lungs had more increased neutrophil infiltration,edema,swelled alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells,and severer mitochondrial impairment reflected by damage of the inner membrane as well as decrease in the membrane potential after ischemia-reperfusion.The lungs in infant animals subjected to sham operation displayed higher levels of ROS-HR and MDA and lower levels of SOD and GSH-PX than those in adult controls.The lungs in infants with ischemia-reperfusion were found to further produce more ROS-HR,and MDA,and less SOD and GSH-PX than the ischemia-reperfused adult lungs.Moreover,the circulating levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were elevated during the period of ischemia-reperfusion,particularly in the infant animals,which appeared to be associated with the expression of MyD-88 and NF-κB in the lungs.Conclusion Lung ischemia-reperfusion causes more severe lung damage in infants than in adults,probably due to combination of low antioxidant capacity and overproduction of ROS in infants.

Objective To assess the left ventricular function of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods 75 AMI patients who had AMI for the first time and have been treated by primary PCI were enrolled.Dynamic images were acquired before PCI,at 6 months after PCI and analyzed by STI.Dynamic images were analyzed for longitudinal peak systolic strain (LPSS),radial peak systolic strain (RPSS) and circumferential peak systolic strain (CPSS) values by STI.According to the comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before PCI and 6 months after PCI,patients were divided into left ventricular function improved group (△LVEF≥5％) and not-improved group.Results Compared to non-improved group,LPSS (P ＜0.001),RPSS (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.001) and CPSS (P ＜0.001) of improved group were all higher before and 6 months after PCI.LPSS (r =-0.578,P ＜0.001) and CPSS (r =-0.817,P ＜0.001) before PCI were both closely related to △LVEF.In single parameter mode of ROC curve analysis,the area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.867),sensitivity (94.7％) and specificity (74.4％) of CPSS are relatively higher than other STI parameters.In multiple parameters united mode of ROC curve analysis,AUC (0.897),sensitivity (94.7％) and specificity (74.4％) of LPSS,RPSS and CPSS united were the highest among all the combinations of all STI parameters.Conclusions Left ventricular function improvement of patients with AMI 6 months after PCI is accurately assessed and predicted by STI.CPSS is a strong predictor for left ventricular function improvement 6 months after PCI of AMI patients among all the STI parameters and is an effective indicator for the assessment of left ventricular function improvement of AMI patients.

Objective To evaluate the function and synchronization in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) by two dimensional speckle tracking imaging(2D-STI) measuring the strain of left atrial.Methods Thirty healthy controls and thirty-five patients with PAF were studied.The PAFs were divided into group PAF1 during the diapause and group PAF2 during the stage of attack.From the strain-time curve of 2D-STI workstation,the peak velocity(Vs,Ve and Va),the peak amplitude of longitudinal strain (Ss,Se and Sa) and strain rate (SRs,SRe and SRa) were acquired in the course of systole,the early and the late diastole respectively.The synchronization of left atrial (Ts-SD,Te-SD and Ta-SD) could be gotten from the time to the peak strain.The correlation were analysed between the synchronization indices and the strain rate parameters.Results ①No significant differences were found at the age,heart rate,E/A,IVS,LVEDD and LVEF.Compared with the control group,the LAD increased and DT decreased in PAF1 and PAF2 groups (P ＜0.05).②The peak velocity were slower,the peak strain were shorter and the peak strain rate were lessened in the PAFs than the controls(P ＜0.05),except the SRa(P ＞0.05).③The Ts-SD and Te-SD were much more different during the three groups(P ＜0.05),the PAF2 showed fewer synchronization; the Ta-SD was higher in the PAF1 than the controls(P ＜0.05).④The Ta-SD had a positive correlation with SRa(r =0.61,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The reservoir and conduit function of left atrial are impaired in PAFs during the diapause,the booster pump could recover partially,however,there are dyssynchronization.The booster pump function disappear during the stage of attack and there are worse synchronization.2D-STI may paly important roles in the assessment of function and synchronization of left atrial.

Objective To evaluate left atrial function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy(ICM)and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)by two dimensional-speckle tracking imaging(2D-STI).Methods Twenty-two patients with ICM,twenty-six with DCM and thirty-two healthy subjects were studied.The maximum volume(LAVmax),minimum volume(LAVmin)and volume before the systole(LAVp)of left atria were acquired using biplane area-length method,and calculated the total emptying volume(LATV),expansion index(AEI),active emptying volume(LAEV)and fraction(LAEF)of left atria.The strain and strain rate during systole and late of diastole(Ss,SRs,Sa and SRa)were measured at each left atrial wall (septal,lateral,anterior and inferior).The average of them were worked out.The correlation of left atrial function and strain rate were analysed.Results ①No significant differences were found at the age,sex,heart rate and the E wave between the mitral leaflet tips during all the groups.Compared with the control group,the peak of A wave,the deceleration time of E wave and LVEF decreased in ICM and DCM groups,while the LAD,LVEDD and E/A increased significantly in the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between ICM and DCM.②Compared with the controls,the LAVmax increased,AEI and LAEF decreased significantly in patients with ICM and DCM,even lower in DCM(p＜0.05).③Compared with the controls,the Ss,SRs,Sa and SRa reduced significantly in patients with ICM and DCM(P＜0.05),and the DCM showed much significant differences than ICM(P＜0.05).④The AEI had a positive correlation with SRs(r =0.765,P＜0.01).The LAEF had a significant correlation with SRa(r =0.830,P＜0.01).Conclusions The accumulation during systole and active emptying function during late of diastole are both lower in ICM and DCM,even worse in the latter.The 2D-STI may paly an important role in the evaluation of left atrial function.

Objective To assess left ventricular function early and late improvement of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).The clinical values of the assessment of STI for the prognosis and heart function improvement of AMI patients treated by PCI were discussed.Methods 73 AMI patients who had AMI for the first time and had been treated by primary PCI from September 2010 to July 2011 and were examined in the follow-ups from December 2010 to February 2012 in our hospital were enrolled.Dynamic images were acquired before PCI,at 3 months and 6 months after PCI and analyzed by STI.Dynamic images were analyzed for longitudinal peak systolic strain (LPSS),radial peak systolic strain (RPSS) and circumferential peak systolic strain (CPSS) values by STI.According to the comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before PCI and 6 months after PCI,patients were divided into left ventricular function improved group (ΔLVEF6＞5％) and not-improved group.According to the comparison of LVEF before PCI and 3 months after PCI,improved group were divided into left ventricular function early-improved group (ΔLVEF3 ＞5％) and late-improved group.Results The values of all STI parameters before PCI,3 months and 6 months after PCI in improved group were higher than those in not-improved group (P ＜0.001,all).LPSS before PCI and at the follow-ups and RPSS at 3 months after PCI in early-improved group were higher than those in late-improved group (LPSS at 3 months after PCI:P＜0.001;Other parameters:P ＜0.05).There were significant correlations between all STI parameters and both ΔLVEF3 and ΔLVEF6.LPSS before PCI was more closely related to ΔLVEF3 (r =-0.781,P ＜0.001).CPSS at 6 months after PCI was more closely related to ΔLVEF6 (r =-0.834,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Early and late function improvement of left ventricle in AMI patients who is treated by PCI are accurately assessed by STI.The precise analyses of longitudinal and circumferential movements in STI are important for clinical diagnosis.