Objective To study the effect of cell wall polysaccharide (CWP) of Thallus Laminariae (TL) on thrombosis and blood coagulation.Methods Thrombosis was induced by arteriovenous shunt,ligation of inferior vena cava and electric stimulation of common carotid artery,after intraperitoneal injection of CWP or nomal saline for 3 days.The weight of thrombus and the occlusion time were examined in the normal saline group and high-dose (100 mg/kg) and low-dose (20 mg/kg) groups of CWP of TL.Blood coagulation time (CT),plasma prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured to observe the effect of CWP on blood coagulation.Results Compared with the control group,both high-dose CWP of TL and low-dose CWP can obviously decrease the weight of thrombus and prolong the occlusion time,CT and APTT.High-dose CWP could also prolong PT obviously,the differences being significant.Low-dosa CWP also prolong PT,but the difference was not significant statistically.Conclusion CWP of TL can inhibit the thrombus formation and blood coagulation in rats.

Sarcopenia is one of common clinical symptom in patients with cancer,which can be regarded as a poor prognosis independent risk factors of disease and death.The main measurements of sarcopenia are magnetic resonance imaging,computerized tomography and positron emission tomography.Sarcopenia is frequently associated with cachexia,and have an influence on the anti-tumor therapeutic influence with each other.In recent years,a mass of clinical research on the application of exercise,nutrition support and drugs,and other comprehensive intervention in patients with sarcopenia emerging constantly,and much achieved good results.The clinical value of sarcopenia in cancer therapy can not be ignored,which should be given more attention.Its mechanism is complex,and intervention means become more various,but more evidence of efficacy and safety is still needed.

Objective: To develop a bar code method for the medical record management under the voluntarily established software of medical record management and retrieval system.Method: The software of medical record management system and bar code as well as the necessary processing,management and application system were established.Results: With the development of information technology and the bar code technology mature application,the bar code automatic diagnosis technology was applied to the medical record management process including recycling,cataloging,reorganization,arrangement,storage,pigeonhole,the top carriage,the bottom carriage,circulation and return,which could enhance the data acquisition and information processing speed,guarantee the accurate rate in the movement link,raise the hospital management level,and provide detailed,accurate and timely data for the hospital superintendent.Conclusion: The research on the software system of medical record management and the bar code application can enhance the hospital medical record utility and reduce the medical record administrative personnel's working pressure.The software of medical record management system and bar code are practical and effective in medical record management.

Objective To study the antithrombotic effect of polysaccharide extracted from Thallus Laminariae(PTP) on rats with endothelial injury.Methods Two kinds of endothelial injured rat models were established by injecting adrenaline and endotoxin.The wet weight of thrombus was evaluated by artery-vein loop method,the starting time of thrombus formation and the speed of blood flow were observed by mesentery microcirculation.Results In adrenaline-induced injury rats,the wet weight of thrombus was obviously decreased in high-dose PTP group and aspirin group compared with the model group.In endotoxin-induced injury rats,the starting time of thrombus formation was longer and the one-hour blood flow speed was faster in all TP groups and aspirin group than those in the model group.Conclusion PTP exerts the antithrombotic effect on rats with endothelial injury.

Objective To evaluate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2?related factor 2 ( Nrf2)∕antioxidant response element( ARE) signaling pathway in inhibition of lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)?induced inflammatory factor release from macrophages by hydrogen. Methods RAW264. 7 macrophages of mice were cultured in 6?well plates (2×106 cells∕well) and were divided into 4 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table: control group ( group C); LPS group; hydrogen?rich saline+LPS group ( group LPS+H2); Nrf2 small interference RNA (siRNA)+LPS+hydrogen?rich saline group (siRNA+LPS+H2 group) . LPS 1 μg∕ml was added in group LPS. In group LPS+H2 , LPS 1μg∕ml was added, and the cul?ture medium was then replaced with the culture medium containing 0. 6 mmol∕L hydrogen?rich saline. In group siRNA+LPS+H2 , after Nrf2?siRN was successfully transfected into the cells, the cells were continu?ously incubated for 24 h, and the culture medium was then replaced with the culture medium containing 0.6 mmol∕L hydrogen?rich saline after LPS 1 μg∕ml was added. At 24 h of incubation, the supernatant was sep?arated for determination of the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (using colorimetric method) and for detection of the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor?alpha ( TNF?α) , interleukin?1 beta ( IL?1β) , high mobility group box?1 (HMGB1) and IL?6 (by ELISA). The cells were collected for measurement of the proliferation of cells ( by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay) and for determination of the expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase?1 ( HO?1) in cells ( by Western blot) . Results Compared with group C, the LDH activity and concentrations of TNF?α, IL?1β, IL?6 and HMGB1 in the supernatant were significantly in?creased, the proliferation of cells was significantly decreased, and the expression of HO?1 in cells was sig?nificantly up?regulated in LPS and siRNA+LPS+H2 groups, and the expression of Nrf2 in cells was signifi?cantly up?regulated in LPS and LPS+H2 groups (P<0.05). Compared with group LPS, the LDH activity and concentrations of TNF?α, IL?1β, IL?6 and HMGB1 in the supernatant were significantly decreased, the proliferation of cells was significantly increased, and the expression of Nrf2 and HO?1 in cells was sig?nificantly up?regulated in group LPS+H2 , and the expression of Nrf2 and HO?1 in cells was significantly down?regulated in group siRNA+LPS+H2 ( P<0.05) . Compared with group LPS+H2 , the LDH activity and concentrations of TNF?α, IL?1β, IL?6 and HMGB1 in the supernatant were significantly increased, the proliferation of cells was significantly decreased, and the expression of Nrf2 and HO?1 in cells was signifi?cantly down?regulated in group LPS+H2+siRNA ( P<0.05) . Conclusion The mechanism by which hydro?gen inhibits LPS?induced inflammatory factor release from macrophages is related to the activation of Nrf2∕ARE signaling pathway in mice.

Objective To investigate different pulsed ultrasound (PUS) parameters and culture conditionsthat would affect cell viability and sonoporation on cell membrane of human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). MethodsHeLa cells were cultured in two different conditions ( in suspension or in monolayer). Cells were exposed to differentPUS intensity (0.4 W/cm2, 1.0 W/cm2, 1.6 W/cm2, 2.2 W/cm2), duty cycle (10%, 20%, 50%) and expo-sure time ( 1 min or 3 min). Cell viability was analyzed by flow cytometry. Using microscope and scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) , the changes of shape and the sonoporation on cell membrane induced by PUS were observed.Results Low intensity and duty cycle did not exert a great impact on the cell viability. Cell injury was found to in-crease progressively with high intensity ( 1.6 W/cm2 , 2.2 W/cm2 ) and duty cycle ( 50% ) ( P < 0. 01 ) , and celldetachment was significantly accompanied by PUS exposure in adherent HeLa cells. Results of factorial design showedthat the culture conditions and the PUS parameters had significant interaction ( P < 0.01 ). SEM demonstrated insome detail the phenomenon of transient pores in the cell membrane under suitable PUS irradiation. The ideal sonopo-ration conditions that cell viability was above 80% and more membrane holes were noted to be at 1.0 W/cm2 expo-sure for 3 min with a duty cycle of 20% in cell suspension. Conclusion The optimized conditions of the PUS pa-rameters and the culture conditions could lower the cell injury and exert a great impact on the sonoporation. It couldproduce remarkable membrane pores on cells and enhance cell membrane permeability, which facilitate transportationof macromolecules into cells.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT).Methods Six cases of ETT treated in Women's Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University from 2005 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed,together with a literature review.Results Six cases of ETT were diagnosed pathologically after surgery.The age of patients ranged from 27 to 46 years.The most common presentation was abnormal vaginal bleeding(5/6).The preceding gestational events were hydatidiform mole in 1 case,abortion in 2 cases,and term delivery in 3 cases.The interval between the preceding gestation and the diagnosis of ETT ranged from 15-48 months.The serum human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)level was 46-121 147 IU/L.Four cases presented with metastasis,including lung metastasis in all of the 4 cases,liver metastasis in 1 case,and pancreas metastasis in another 1 case.The main therapies were surgery combined with chemotherapy.All of the 6 cases received total abdominal hysterectomy.and 1 case also had lung lobectomy.One ease had a recurrence but refused any treatment again,and was lost to follow up;the therapy of 1 case unfinished;another 4 cases were without evidence of disease 9 to 19 months after surgery.Condusions The confirmation of ETF diagnosis is difficult before surgery.Surgical management is mostly recommended in ETT. The role of chemotherapy in ETT is not clear yet.

Objective To compare the effects between vasopressin and epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)in a mouse model of cardiac arrest(CA).Method Transoesophageal cardiac pacing was performed so as to elicit cardiac arrest in 30 Kunming male mice.Four minutes after the initiation of cardiac pacing,the animals were prospectively randomized into three groups in equal number(n=10/group),namely,control group(saline 0.2 mL intra-arterial),vasopressin group(vasopressin 0.4U/kg intra-arterial)and epinephrine group(epinephrine 0.04 mg/kg intra-arterial),then CPR was initiated.Restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)was observed.If ROSC failed to appear at 10 minutes after CPR,resuscitation was discontinued.Electrocardiogram and blood pressure of resuscitated animals were invasively monitored for an additional 60 minutes.Electrocardiogram and blood pressure.and the restoration of spontaneous respiration and survival time were observed and recorded.Results Rates of ROSC in vasopressin group and epinephrine group were significantly higher than those in saline group(9/10,10/10 vs.3/10,P＜0.05,P＜0.01 respectively),and there was signilieant difference between vasopressin and epinephrine group.All resuscitated mice treated with epinephrine restored sponlaneous respiration after ROSC,while only 4 of 9 animals trealed with vasopressin did(P＜0.05).Survival time of anireals in epinephrine group was longer than that in vasopressin group or in saline group(P＜0.05,P＜0.05,respectively).Conclusions Both vasopressin and epinephrine increase the rates of ROSC.Epinephrine 0.04 mg/kg improved respiratory function and results in a longer survival time compared with vasopressin 0.4 U/kg in this mouse model.and the precise mechanism is not clear and further investigation is required.

Objective To investigate different ultrasound parameters and transfection conditions that would affect transfection rate of red fluorescent protein(RFP)and cell viability of cancer cells.Methods In this study,Hela cells were cultured using two different protocols:(A)24 h culture for complete adherence;(S)suspension.Subsequently,cells were transfected following different ultrasound exposure protocols[1.0W/cm2;duty cycle(DC):10%,20%and 50%;exposure 1min or 3 min].Gene transfection and cell viability were evaluated.Treatment parameters optimized in Hela cells were applied for delivery RFP in 4 other cell lines(HepG2,Ishikawa,MCF-7 and B16-F10).Results Cell injury were found to increase progressively with DC and exposure time in group A.Cell detachment was significantly accompanied by ultrasound exposure in adherent HeLa cells.Cells in group S were found more prone to be transfected than group A with the same ultrasound parameters,while the survival rate was not decreased apparently.The ideal ultrasound conditions were noted to be at 1.0 W/cm2 irradiated 3 min with 20%DC using suspended protocol,producing maximum efficiency[transfection=(28.04±2.27)%]in gene delivery with minimum cell toxicity[cell viability=(81.20±1.73)%].These experiments also revealed different response to ultrasound treatment,but for all tested cell lines,dead and transfected cells in the treated groups were significantly different from the non-irradiated groups.Conclusions Ultrasound parameters and transfection conditions have a great impact on the gene delivery and cell viability.Gene delivery of ultrasound-mediated microbubble enhance should be optimized to improve the efficiency.

Objective To compare the impact of intra-arterial versus intravenous administration of epinephr-ine on the efficacy CPR in mice. Methods Transoesophageal cardiac pacing was performed to induce cardiac arrest for 4 minitues in 20 Kunming male mice. The mice were then randomized to two groups (n = 10 in each group), and received epinephrine of 0.02 mg/kg via either carotid artery (IA-gro) or jugular vein (IV-gro) injection. Chest compression and ventilation were performed; and the rate of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival time were recorded. CPR was stopped if spontaneous circulation was not restored within 10 minutes. Results There was no significant difference in the rates of ROSC between IA-gro and IV-gro (10/10 vs. 8/10, P>0.05), nor in the time of ROSC or survival time [51 ± 13 s vs. 62 ± 24 s; 8.5 (6.0, 17.0) h vs. 6.5 (2.8, 21.3) h, P > 0.05]. Conclusions Neither intra-arterial nor intravenous administration of epinephrine has no obvious impact on the efficacy of CPR in mice.