Background Phacoemulsification for hard nuclear cataract is easy to cause corneal edema and posterior capsular rupture.Researches determined that soft-shell technique phacoemulsification can effectively reduce corneal edema,but the risk of posterior capsular rupture during the surgery is still existed.Whether intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique can protect the posterior capsular of lens from rupture is still unclear.Objective This study was to observe the effect of intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique phacoemulsification on hard nuclear cataract.Methods A prospective cohort study was designed.One hundred and sixty-eight eyes of 160 patients with age-related cataract and Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade of nucleus were enrolled in Affiliated Second Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2013 to May 2015 under the approval of Ethic Commission and informed consent of the patients.The eyes were randomized into the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group and conventional soft-shell technique group with the matched age,gender and nuclear hardness in a manner of randomized block design.A 3.0 mm incision of cataract phacoemulsification with soft-shell technique in capsular bag was performed on 80 eyes of 78 patients in the intracapsular soft-shell technique group,and conventional soft-shell technique phacoemulsification was performed on 88 eyes of 82 patients in the conventional soft-shell technique group.Intraoperative records including the cumulative dissipated energy,effective phacoemulsification time and posterior capsular changes were recorded during the surgery.Postoperative follow-up indexes included corneal edema,endothelial cell density,BCVA and intraocular pressure changes.Results The mean cumulative dissipated energy and operation duration were (20.13 ± 8.34) ％ and (14.28-±2.17) minutes in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,and those in the conventional soft-shell technique group were (19.67±5.24)％ and (15.36±3.49) minutes,showing significant differences between them (t =0.216,P =0.376;t =0.403,P-=0.518).Posterior capsular rupture occurred in 1 eye in the intra-capsular softshell technique group and 7 eyes in the conventional soft-shell technique group.The percentages of eyes with BCVA ≥ 0.5 were 78％,83％ and 92％ in postoperative 1 day,1 week and 1 month in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,and those in the conventional soft-shell technique group were 56％,71％ and 89％,with a significant increase in postoperative 1 day,1 week in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group (x2 =5.130,P =0.027;x2 =4.361,P =0.032).The corneal endothelial cell loss rates were 6.97％ and 7.19％ in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group and conventional soft-shell technique group respectively in postoperative 3 months,with no significant difference between them (P＞0.05).The intraocular pressure was (20.16±4.23) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) in postoperative 1 day in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,which was significantly higher than (17.38± 5.21) mmHg in the conventional soft-shell technique group (t =1.241,P =0.037).Conclusions Intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique phacoemulsification for hard nuclear cataract can decrease the intraoperative and postoperative complications and quicken the visual recovery after surgery.

Objective:To study the effect of compressive stress on expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in rabbit mandibular condylar chondrocytes in vitro. Methods:CTGF mRNA were determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR in rabbit mandibular condylar chondrocytes cultured in vitro. Results:Within a certain compressive stress, CTGF mRNA were up-regulated with the increase of compressive stress. While under certain compressive stress, CTGF mRNA were gradually up-regulated following the increase of culturing time, and reaching the maximum at 2~6 h, then gradually down-regulated until at 24 h. Conclusion:Application of different compressive stresses can up-regulate the expression of CTGF mRNA in rabbit mandibular condylar chondrocytes. It may be involved in the stress -mediated mandibular condylar cartilage remodeling.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between fragile histidine triad(FHIT) transcription abnormalities and HPV16 infection and human cervical tumorigenesis.Methods Total RNA from 5 cervical carcinoma cell lines(SiHa,HeLa,RJC-1,CS1213 and C4-1),58 primary cervical cancer specimens and 18 normal cervical epithelial tissues were extracted and FHIT transcripts were characterized by a two-step(nested) reverse transcription(RT)-PCR.The seven of the PCR products with different size were purified and sequenced.HPV16 infection was assessed by PCR.Results ① There were altered FHIT transcripts in SiHa,HeLa and C4-1 cells.Aberrant FHIT transcripts were detected in 39 out of the 58 cervical cancer samples(67.2%),but none out of 18 in the normal cervix tissue specimens(0%);HPV16 infections were identified in 37 of the 58 cervical cancer tissues(63.8%),but 1 in the 18 normal cervical epithelial tissues(5%),which showed a significant difference between these two groups(P0.05).③ The exon 5 and exon 6 were mainly deleted in the altered FHIT transcripts and no insertion and point mutation were found by DNA sequencing.Conclusion Aberrant FHIT expression was significantly common in cervical cancers and was correlated with HPV16 infection.These findings suggest that the tumor suppressor gene FHIT and high risk HPV16 may play a very important role in human cervical carcinogenesis.

There is mounting evidence that vascular pathology plays a role in the initiation and/or progression of the major disease of joints: osteoarthritis(OA).Potential mechanisms are:episodically reduced blood flow through the small vessels in the subchondral bone at the ends of long bones,and related to this,reduced interstitial fluid flow in subchondral bone and compromised nutrient and gas exchange into the articular cartilage,a potential initiator of degradation changes in the cartilage.The second is apoptosis of osteocytes in regions of the subchondral bone,which would initiate osteoclastic resorption of that bone and at least temporarily reduce the bony support for the overlying cartilage.It may be important to recognize these potential aetiological factors in order to develop more effective treatments to inhibit the progression of OA.

Objective To explore the fraction risk in patients with osteoporosis and effects of antiosteoporosis therapy on fracture healing.Methods All the recruited subjects were senile patients with fracture in lower extremity and were treated in the Department of Orthopaedics in Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital from Aug.2006 to Feb.2011.In the total 15 cases,10 were female and 5 were male,aged from 53 to 65 years (average 56.7 years old).After surgical reduction and internal fixation,all the 15 patients did free-weight and continous passive motion (CPM) functional exercise and received anti-osteoporosis treatment.X-ray was taken to show the preoperative and postoperative lumbar vertebrae and fracture position.Meanwhile,bone mineral density and blood calcium level and phosphate level were measured.Results Thirteen out of 15 patients were healed for bone fracture after a 3-month treatment,meeting the clinical standards of the fracture healing.The clinical fracture healing rate was 86.67％.Blood calcium level,phosphate level and the bone mineral density were significantly different between that before and after the treatment ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Osteoporosis not only increases the risk of fracture,but also has an adverse effect on the bone healing.Anti-osteoporosis therapy has a positive role to the fracture healing in the senile patients with osteoporosis.

We sought to determine the efficacy of ramosetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting during emergency cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia with strict controls of causative factors.A total of 206 parturients participated in a randomized,single-blind and placebo-controlled trial.They received an intravenous injection of either ramosetron 0.3 mg or normal saline immediately after cord clamping.The primary outcome was the presence of postdelivery nausea and vomiting.Secondary outcomes included the need for rescue antiemetic,hypotension,pain and adverse effects.The incidence of postdelivery nausea and vomiting was 10.7％ in the ramosetron group vs.28.2％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of intraoperative hypotension and postdelivery was similar in both groups.The incidence of postdelivery pain and the requirement for rescue antiemetic were similar in both groups.Ramosetron 0.3 mg is effective in the prevention of postdelivery nausea and vomiting during cesarean delivery.

Objective To explore the value of diagnosis and treatment of conization of cervix to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade.Methods The data of 76 patients diagnosed as CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade through pre-operative multiple-punch biopsies from July 1st 2006 to June 30th 2007 was retrospectively analyzed.Compared the pathohistology and treatment methods before and after conization of cervix.Results Accordance rate of diagnosis in pre-operative cervical biopsies under vaginoscopy was 48.68%,pathological up-grade were 24 cases(31.58%),among invasive carcinomas were 8 cases(10.53%),pathological down-grade were 15 cases(19.74%).Conclusion Diagnostic cervical conization could enhance the rate of diagnosis,and prevent the omission of invasive carcinomas for the patients with CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of percutaneous renal artery angiography and embolization of the renal artery pseudoaneurysms. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 15 cases of postoperative urethral bleeding following urinary calculi surgery from January 2012 to February 2014, which were diagnosed of renal artery pseudoaneurysms via the renal artery angiography.Superselective catheter placement was carried out into the proximal of parent artery and the pseudoaneurysm was embolized by using a coil and gelatin sponge. Results Renal artery angiography clearly displayed pseudoaneurysms in the 15 cases, which were located in interlobular artery in 11 cases, arcuate artery in 3 cases, and minor interlobular artery in 1 case.Urethral bleeding was stopped after using gelatin sponge and spring coil embolization.Among them urethral bleeding recurred in 1 case after two days, and a second embolization was conducted.After the embolization, transient renal colic happened in 2 cases and a fever of 37.8-39.3 ℃lasting for 3-8 d was seen in 7 cases.Follow-ups for 3-24 months ( mean, 15 months) showed no renal dysfunction and urinary tract bleeding. Conclusion The transcatheter embolization and angiography can diagnose and treat renal artery pseudoaneurysms, with safe and effective outcomes.

Objective To investigate the effect of humanoid robot on social skills, concentration and mobility in children with autism. Methods 10 autistic children were asked to interact with humanoid robot NAO in a teaching environment that involves active participation of the robot. The eye-contact and social interaction, as well as performances in accomplishing learning objectives were observed. Results The 10 children exhibited more concentrated gazing and significantly longer periods of silence. The actual number of interaction of the be-havior Gazing of 9 children exceeded 50%of the theoretical one, the success rate of which reaching 50%. For the behavior Waving, 5 chil-dren were able to interact for more than 50%of the theoretical times, with an accuracy of performance of 50%in 7 children. For Say Hello, 7 children were able to interact for more than 50%of the theoretical times, with an accuracy of performance of 50%in 4 children. Conclu-sion Application of humanoid robots NAO may improve the social skills, concentration and mobility in autistic children.

Objective To investigate the role of oestrogen receptors and enteric mast cells in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) . Methods Biopsies from 59 patients with IBS and 24 control subjects were analyzed blindly for the number of mast cell ( MC ) , estrogen receptors and progestogen receptors in terminal ileum , caecum and descending colon (DC). Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the estrogen receptors (ER) , progestogen receptors (PR) and MC. And double Immunohistochemical staining was used to manifest the expression of oestrogen receptors in intestinal MC. Results The cells positive for ER were morphologically similar to the MC (R = 0. 884, P