Objective To study the characteristics of inhibition on hemozoin formation by chloroquine under in vitro condition.Methods Under different concentrations(0.5-2 mol/L) of sodium acetate(NaAc) and at the pH range of 4.0-5.0, chloroquine was tested for inhibition of ?-hematin(hemozion) formation by using the HPIA(heme polymerization inhibitory activity) assay.The morphology of ?-hematin crystals was determined by light microscopy.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was employed to measure ?-hematin content, and the size of ?-hematin crystal was analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) .Results Chloroquine exhibited varied effect on ?-hematin formation, depending on pH value and Na+ concentration.When the NaAc concentration increased from 0.5 mol/L(pH 4.2) to 2 mol/L(pH 4.8), the chloroquine inhibitory effect also increased.Results suggested that there exists a threshold pH, below which the ?-hematin formation escalates and chloroquine inhibition declines, and at or above which chloroquine exerts a stronger inhibitory effect on ?-hematin formation.With the increase of pH from 4.4 to 4.8, the crystallinity and the size of crystal changed from 6.93% and 357  to 6.32% and 264 , respectively.When pH reached to 5, no more ?-hematin formed.Chloroquine could reduce the crystallinity and crystal size of ?-hematin at same pH value.Morphology analysis on the samples was consistent with the above results.Conclusion Chloroquine inhibits hemozoin formation only when the pH value is at or above threshold pH.

With the information section of the 187th Central Hospital of PLA as an example , the paper introduces the application of the PDCA cycle model in the quality management of its information services .As a result, it finds that the service satisfaction degree after the implementation of the PDCA cycle is significantly higher than that before the implementation .It indicates that the management method with the PDCA cycle can optimize the information service process and promote the continuous improvement of information service quality .

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common gerontal disease, and percutaneouse coronary interangioplasty (PCI) has already become a main treatment in CHD. However, restenosis to some extend has limited clinical application of PCI. The advent of drug eluting stents brings optimistic prospect in preventing restenosis.

This study was aimed to establish X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier fingerprint of mineral Chinese medicine Actinolitum, in order to provide a new method for evaluating the quality of Actinolitum. Actinolitum samples were analyzed by the technology of powder XRD. And the XRD Fourier fingerprint was determined. Accord to the fingerprints and the intensity of each characteristic peak in XRD patterns of Actinolitum, the similarity of different samples were calculated using the law of cosines and the correlation coefficient method. Systematic cluster analysis was also used for the data. The results showed that XRD patterns of 10 certified products, 3 doping products and 2 counterfeits of Actinolitum were obtained. The geometric and topological characteristics of 10 certified products were consistent. XRD fingerprint of Actinolitum from 10 certified products had 18 common characteristic peaks. The similarity analysis showed that the similarity of XRD patterns common peak of certified products were higher among 15 samples (> 0.98). The similarity of doping products was slightly lower (0.85-0.97). And the counterfeits had the lowest similarity (< 0.2). These three had significant differences which can be distinguished. The results of cluster analysis were consistent with the similarity analysis results. It was concluded that XRD fingerprint had good specificity and feasible. It was accurate and reliable, which can be used to distinguish and evaluate Actinolitum.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical results of dorsal approach and Weil osteotomy in treating the injury of the plantar plate in second metatarsophalangeal joint.

METHODSEight feet with plantar plate tear in five cases were treated by plantar plate repairment through dorsal approach and Weil osteotomy from June 2012 to December 2013. The mean age of the patients was 52 years old. All the patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the clinical effect.

RESULTSThe second metatarsophalangeal joint stability recovered and the pain released in all patients. Postoperative VAS was lower and AOFAS was higher than preoperative.

CONCLUSIONCombined dorsal approach and Weil osteotomy can effectively release the pian of plantar plate, stabilize the metatarsophalangeal joint, decrease the incidence rate of postoperative subluxation and anchylosis in treating plantar plate tears in the second metatarsophalangeal joint.

Female ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Plantar Plate ; injuries

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical results of plate on the metatarsal side to reconstruction of tarsometatarsal joint dislocations secondary to diabetic charcot foot.

METHODSSeven patients (9 feet) patients with tarsometatarsal joint dislocations secondary to diabetic charcot foot were treated with plating from April 2012 to December 2014. All patients were male, and 5 cases were on the unilateral side and 2 cases were on the bilateral sides. The age of patients ranged from 45 to 52 with an average of 48 years old. The history of diabetics was from 6 to 15 years. X-ray and CT were used to evaluate fractures healing,and AOFAS was applied to estimate recovery of joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of 19 months. All incisions were healed at stage I . No infection, loosening and breakage of internal fixation, bone nonunion were found after operation. According to postoperative X-ray and CT results, the time of fracture healing ranged from 10 to 20 weeks with an average of 16 weeks. Six feet got excellent results, 2 good and 1 moderate based on AOFAS scoring.

CONCLUSIONTarsometatarsal joint dislocations secondary to diabetic charcot foot treated with plate on the metatarsal side could obtain stable fixation and got satisfied early clinical results.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Diabetes Complications ; surgery ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Tarsal Joints ; surgery

Objective To investigate the changes in iNOS expression in brain injury induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats weighing 240-280 g were randomly divided into 2 groups: sham operation group (group S,n = 8) and group IB( n = 24).The hepatic IR was induced by clamping the hepatic artery and portal vein according te the method described by LONG et al.In group IR the rats were killed at 3,6 and 24 h of reperfusion after 40 min hepatic ischemia (8 rats at each time point).The rats in group S were also killed.The brains were removed for determination of NO content (by nitrate reductase assay),SOD activity (by xanthine oxidase method),MDA content(by colorimetric method),nitrotyrosine (NT) expression (by Western blot),and iNOS mRNA expression (by RT-PCR).Results Compared with group S,cerebral NO and MDA content were significantly increased at 6 and 24 h of reperfusion,expression of cerebral NT and iNOS mRNA up-regulated and SOD activity decreased at 6 h of reperfusion in group IR (P < 0.05 or 0.01).Cerebral NO and MDA content were significantly higher and SOD activity lower at 6 and 24 h of reperfusion than at 3 h of reperfusion in group IR (P < 0.05).Conclusion The expression of iNOS in brain tissues is up-regulated after hepatic IR and it produces a great amount of NO inducing brain injury through peroxynitrite (ONOO-).

Objective To evaluate the value of ~(99m)Tc-MIBI tumoraffin imaging,computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) after radiotherapy.Methods The ~(99m)Tc-MIBI tumoraffin imaging,CT and MRI were performed in 78 NPC postradiotherapy patients,including 38 patients with local recurrence and 40 patients with radiofibrosis confirmed by pathology and follow-up.Results The sensitivity of ~(99m)Tc-MIBI tumoraffin imaging(73.7%) was lower than that of CT(94.7%) and MRI(92.1%).The specificity of ~(99m)Tc-MIBI tumoraffin imaging(92.5%) was obviously higher than that of CT(62.5%) and MRI(67.5%).There was no significant difference in the accuracy between three imaging examination methods.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the combination of three imaging examination methods in the diagnosis of recurrent NPC after radiotherapy were 97.4%,95% and 96.2%,respectively.Conclusion The ~(99m)Tc-MIBI tumoraffin imaging has higher specificity in the diagnosis of recurrent NPC after radiotherapy.The diagnostic accuracy may be further improved with the combination of three methods.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of tirofiban in stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Methods Totally 31 patients who were treated using stent-assisted coil embolization were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into aspirin combined clopidogrel group (double resistance group,n=18) and tirofiban group (n=13).Tirofiban was injected after the stent was semi-released or released completely.The patients were followed-up after operation to assess whether the patient had a new infarction,stent patency and aneurysm embolization effect.One day before operation and 3 days after operation,platelet count and activated thromboplastin time (APTT) were detected respectively.Score Glasgow (GOS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients and the operative complications were recorded.Results A total of 34 aneurysms were found in 31 patients,and 32 aneurysms were treated.Urinary tract hemorrhage was founded in 1 case and recurrent aneurysms were founded in 7 cases after embolization.None of the patients developed thrombocytopenia,retroperitoneal and gastrointestinal bleeding related to tirofiban administration.There were no postoperative cerebral infarction and thrombosis events.GOS of 27 cases were ≥4.Platelet count and APTT 1 day before and 3 days after operation had no statistically significance between two groups (both P＞0.05).Conclusion It is safe and effective for tirofiban in stent-assisted aneurysm embolization and can be used as an alternative to the dual resistance.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolization in treating ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid. Methods During the period from July 2008 to August 2013, a total of 23 patients with ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid were admitted to authors’ hospital to receive endovascular embolization. According to Hunt-Hess classification, grade I lesion was seen in 11 cases, grade Ⅱ in 10 cases and grade Ⅲ in 2 cases. The aneurysm diameter ranged from 2.2 mm to 19.9 mm, with a mean diameter of 5.7 mm. After the treatment follow-up examinations with DSA, MRA and modified Rankin scale were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic results. Results A total of 27 ophthalmic segment aneurysms were detected in 23 patients. Endovascular embolization was performed with guglielmi detachable coils (n = 15) or solitaire AB stent-assisted coil (n = 12). The therapeutic results immediately after the embolization were graded by Raymond classification. Complete obliteration (Grade I) was obtained in 22 aneurysms, residual neck (grade Ⅱ) in 4 aneurysms and residual aneurysm (grade Ⅲ) in one aneurysm. Procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients, including thrombosis in the aneurysm neck (n=1), tail of the coil protruding into the stent (n=1) and transient blindness (n=1). Eighteen patients were followed up for 2 - 62 months. Follow- up examinations with angiography showed that complete embolization of the aneurysm was obtained in 15 cases (84%) and subtotal embolization of the aneurysm was seen in 3 cases (16%). In one patient who had bilateral aneurysms, the aneurysm on the untreated side was enlarged with increasing time. During the follow-up period, 18 patients had a modified Rankin score of 0 -1, and all these patients had stable clinical condition with no newly-developed neurological dysfunction or re-bleeding. Conclusion For the treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid, endovascular embolization is minimally-invasive, safe and effective, although its long-term effect and safety need to be further studied.