OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization and trend of drugs for herpes zoster patients from 22 hospitals of Shanghai area,and to provide reference for rational use of drugs.METHODS:The utilization of drugs for herpes zoster patients from 22 hospitals of Shanghai area during 2013-2015 was analyzed statistically in respects of proportion of patients,consumption sum,DDDs,DDC,etc.RESULTS:Herpes zoster was more likely to occur in adults,mostly in more than 45 year-old group (＞75％).The proportions of patients of neurotrophic antivirals,anti-herpes virus and acesodyne drugs ranked in the top three.Topical,immu nomodulatory and glucocorticoid drugs accounted for a certain proportion.Among antivirals,the consumption sum and DDDs of valaciclovir ranked the first place,and DDC of brivudine was the highest.Among acesodyne,the proportions of patients of antiepileptic drugs was the highest (13.78％),and its compound growth rate was also the highest (30.77％);the number of patients of gabapentin was the largest.Among neurotrophic drags,the proportions of patients of mecobalamine was the highest (32.98％).Among immunomodulatory drugs,the number of patients of thymalfasin was the largest,which may be irrational.CONCLUSIONS:The treatment of herpes zoster in Shanghai area is basically in accordance with the guidelines.The irrational use of immunomodulatory drugs should be paid attention to and supervised.

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of survivin protein and proliferation cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods The expression of survivin protein and PCNA was detected by SP immunohistochemical technique in 96 cases of NPC tissues. Results The positive rate of survivin expression was 75.0% in PNC. Labeling idex(LI) of PCNA in survine positive NPC was higher than that in survivin negative NPC. The positive rate of survivin expression in NPC with neck lymph node metastasis was higher than that in NPC without neck lymph node metastasis. The positive rate of survivin expression in NPC patients with less than 5-year survival rate was higher than that in NPC patients with over 5-year survival rate. Conclusion NPC had survivin expression, and survivin expression in NPC was positive related with PCNA expression. The survivin protein might promote the neck lymph node metastasis of NPC cells. The prognosis of the patients with survivin positive NPC was worse.

Objective:To observe the effect of timosaponin AⅢon the proliferation of cultured melanoma B16 and A375 cells and nitrite produced from macrophage activation. Methods:MTT assay was adopted to detect the cell growth inhibition. The morphological changes of B16 and A375 cells were observed under an inverted microscope. Nitrite production of activated mouse macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) plus IFN-γ was measured by Griess assay. Results: Timosaponin AⅢ could significantly inhibit the growth of B16 cells at the concentration of 16 μmol·L-1 after the 48- and 72-hour treatment, and significantly inhibit the growth of A375 cells at the concentration ranged from 4 to 16 μmol·L-1 after the 48-and 72-hour treatment. Shrinkage, vacuoles and necrosis of B16 and A375 cells were observed after the 48-and 72-hour treatment by 16μmol·L-1 timosaponin AⅢ,the other concentration of timosaponin AⅢ showed no notable effect on B16 cells and vacuoles of A375 cells appeared at the concentration from 4 to 16 μmol· L-1. Compared with RAW 264. 7 stimulated LPS plus IFN-γ,timosaponin AⅢ could significant inhibit nitrite production of macro-phage inflammatory cell model at the concentration of 10μmol·L-1(P<0. 01). Conclusion:Timosaponin AⅢcan inhibit the prolif-eration of melanoma B16 and A375 cells and macrophage inflammation,suggesting it has anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects . The anti-tumor effect of timosaponin AⅢ may be related to the inhibition of tumor inflammation.

Objective To investigate the merit and feasibility of vasoactive drugs by the double atrial infusion in children with congenital heart disease combined with pulmonary hypertension.Methods Ninety cases of congenital heart disease combined with pulmonary hypertension were randomly selected.One group(45 cases) was infused by double atrialadministration,which left atrium for catecholamines,and right atrial infusion for highly targeted expansion of pulmonary vascular drugs,such as prostaglandin E1.Another group(45 cases) was infused through the right atrium by a central venous to catecholamines and pulmonary vascular dilatation drugs.Cardiac output(CO) and cardiac index were measured by thermal dilution method and systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) were calculated.Results Three cases were dead in early postoperative period(1 week),which were central intravenous group.2 cases with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage had low co after operation,include 1 case through the left atrium,and the other case through central venous administration,and were recovered.There was no long-term mortality.There was no significant difference in CPB time,blocking time,the amount and timing of vasoactive drugs in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Double atrial infusion of vasoactive drugs can significantly reduce the mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance,and increase CO,which is better than the traditional central intravenous methods.The treatment method is of very important significance.Thus double atrial infusion is safe and feasible.

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Panax notoginseng (BurK.) F.H.Chen is a traditional Chinese medicinal material with a time-honored history of cultivation.There are a series of problems,such as high pesticide residues,serious disease and pest,and continuous cropping obstacles in the process of the cultivation of notoginseng.Pollution-free cultivation is an effective strategy for the sustainable development of notoginseng industry.We herein summarized three points of the pollution-free cultivation of notoginseng in this review.The standard of lands suitable for the cultivation of notoginseng was established on the basis of the analysis of medicinal plants around global producing areas.The integrated measures of soil improvement were put forward by cfficient rotation and soil disinfection with new varieties breeding combined with the management of water,light and fertilization,and the safe and low-toxic methods of disease and pest control.Additionally,the mode of wild tending should be carried out when the marker-assisted breeding of new varieties was developed,and the platform of comprehensive disease and pest control was founded.Above-mentioned points can effectively perfect and optimize the pollution-free cultivation of notoginseng and promote sustainable development of notoginseng industry.

This study analyzed the pesticide residue and heavy metal contents in Panaxnotoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen to provide the basis for the quality criterion of pollution-freemedicinal materials and slices of notoginseng.We randomly collected 100 samples of notoginseng from farmer's markets,producing areas of notoginseng and internet markets.We entrusted the third-party authoritative testing institutions to detect 203 items of the pesticide residues and 4 items of heavy metals.According to relative standards of Japan,Korea,the United States and the European Union,we analyzed and summarized the data in this study.We confirmed the 25 species of pesticides with high operating frequency and detection rate and the limited amount index of 4 heavy metals.In conclusion,these results enriched the limited amount index of the pesticide residues and heavy metal contents based on the previous notoginseng standard system serving as the quality criterion of pollution-free notoginseng,which was applicative and operable.