Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Temporal Bone ; injuries ; surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint ; surgery

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Young Adult

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with traction therapy for lumbar disc herniation, providing the basis for future research strategies. Randomized control trials. (RCT) of acupuncture combined with traction therapy for lumber disc herniation at home and abroad from 2000 to 2013 were searched, analysis and evaluation of literature and strength of evidence were based on the principles and methods of Evidence-based Medicine. The total effective rate and curative rate were considered as primary outcome measures; pain improvement, quality of life, relapse rate and adverse effects were considered as secondary outcome measures. Seventeen RCTs were identified, Meta-analysis showed that (1) total effective rate and curative rate: acupuncture combined with traction therapy was better than single therapy (acupuncture or traction); (2) pain improvement: acupuncture combined with traction therapy was better than traction therapy; (3) relapse rate: current evidence could not support the conclusion that acupuncture combined with traction therapy was better than traction therapy. Acupuncture combined with traction therapy for lumbar disc herniation was effective. However, the included studies were with high risk of bias, important outcome measures such as quality of life, relapse rate and adverse effects were not found in most of the studies. Current evidence has not yet been able to fully reflect acupuncture combined with traction therapy for lumbar disc herniation is better than single therapy, so more RCTs of higher quality are needed to further confirm its efficacy and safety.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Traction ; methods

In order to study the potential of Venus, lentiviral vector, applied to acute myeloid leukemia, the recombinant vector Venus-C3aR was transfected into 293T packing cells by DNA-calcium phosphate coprecipitation. All virus stocks were collected and transfected into HL-60, the GFP expression in HL-60 cells was measured by flow cytometry. The expression level of C3aR1 in transfected HL-60 cells was identified by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. The lentiviral toxicity on HL-60 was measured by using CCK-8 method and the ability of cell differentiation was observed. The results indicated that the transfection efficacy of lentiviral vector on HL-60 cells was more than 95%, which meets the needs for further study. C3aR1 expression on HL-60 cells increased after being transfected with recombinant lentiviral vector. Before and after transfection, the proliferation and differentiation of cells were not changed much. It is concluded that the lentiviral vector showed a high efficacy to transfect AML cells and can be integrated in genome of HL-60 cells to realize the stable expression of interest gene. Meanwhile, lentiviral vector can not affect HL-60 cell ability to proliferate and differentiate.
Genetic Vectors ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Transfection

Background Cigarette smoke-induced emphysema is associated with overexpression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands.Previously,we have demonstrated that pentoxifylline (PTX) alleviated cigarette smoke-induced emphysema.The aim of this study was to determine if the overexpression of CXCR3 and its ligand interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) that was elicited by smoke exposure were attenuated by PTX.Methods (1) The study in vitro:a given number of RAW264.7 macrophages with decreasing concentrations of PTX in the culture medium were challenged with cigarette smoke extract (CSE); (2) The study in vivo:male BALB/c mice were randomized into four groups,i.e.,sham-smoke,smoke only,smoke with 2 mg/kg PTX,and smoke with 10 mg/kg PTX.The smoke exposure time was 90 minutes once a day,6 days a week for 16 weeks.PTX was given intraperitoneally before each episode of smoke exposure.Interferon (IFN)-y and IP-10 in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and in culture medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).IP-10 mRNA in lung tissue was assessed by RT-PCR.CXCR3 positive cells in lung sections were visualized by immunochemistry staining.Results Up-regulation of IFN-y and IP-10 in the culture medium of macrophages elicited by CSE was inhibited by PTX in a dose-dependent manner.Chronic cigarette smoke exposure led to overexpression of IFN-y and IP-10 in BALF,upregulation of IP-10 mRNA and increased infiltration of CXCR3+ cells into lung parenchyma.Administration of PTX decreased the level of IFN-y from (6.26±1.38) ng/ml to (4.43±0.66) ng/ml by low dose PTX or to (1.74±0.28) ng/ml by high dose PTX.IP-10 was reduced from (10.35±1.49) ng/ml to (8.19±0.79) ng/ml by low dose PTX or to (7.51±0.60)ng/ml by high dose PTX.The expression of IP-10 mRNA was also down-regulated (P ＜0.05).But only with a high dose of PTX was the ratio of CXCR3+ cells decreased; 15.2±7.3 vs.10.4±1.8 (P ＜0.05).Conclusion PTX attenuates cigarette smoke-induced overexpression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand IP-10,which is relevant to its inhibitory effect on pulmonary emphysema.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and outcomes of pulmonary surfactant protein C gene (SFTPC) 218 site mutation in children with pulmonary interstitial disease.Methods In this retrospective study,the clinical data,outcomes and influencing factors of 7 cases of SFTPC gene 218 site mutations in infants with interstitial lung disease in three hospitals from January 2013 to December 2016 were analyzed.Results Seven cases were full-term children,4 cases had the onset within 3 months after birth,2 cases after 1 year old,1 case within 3 months to 1 year,clinical manifestations of these cases were cough,shortness of breath,dyspnea,and limited growth and development,could not maintain life without additional oxygen supplementation,blood gas analysis showed hypoxemia,4 cases had clubbing.Chest CT showed diffuse ground glass-like change in both lungs.Three cases were positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV)-IgM or CMV-DNA.The mutations in 7 cases were exon 3,5 of which were SFTPC gene c.218T＞C,p.lle73Thr (heterozygous mutation),and 2 cases were SFTPC gene c.218T＞A,p.lle73Asn (homozygous mutation),1 case combined with ABCA3 gene mutations.Four patients were treated with prednisone alone,one with prednisone plus hydroxychloroquine,and two with symptomatic treatment.Three patients died,3 patients improved,and 1 patient was lost to follow-up.Conclusions The severity and prognosis of the children with SP-C 218 site mutation may be affected by many factors.Some children who received glucocorticoid alone do not have a good response.

The objective of study was to investigate tissue-specific transcriptional activity of WT1 (Wilms' tumor gene) promoter and enhancer in cell lines with diverse tissue origin for leukemic gene therapy depending on WT1 transcriptional regulation elements. WT1 promoter and enhancer were ligated into pEGFP-1 to construct a recombinant vectors with EGFP gene as a reporter. By using electroporation or lipofectamine, the resultant constructs were transfected into 13 cell lines including WT1-expressing hematopoietic cell lines (K562, NB4, THP-1 and SHI-1), WT1-nonexpressing hematopoietic cell lines (U937 and Jurkat), WT1-expressing nonhematopoietic cell lines (MCF-7, T47D and 293) and WT1-nonexpressing nonhematopoietic cell lines (ECV304, SMMC7721, HT-29 and SHG44). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of EGFP representing the transcriptional activities of promoter and/or enhancer was analyzed by using flow cytometry in the transfected cells which stably expressed EGFP. The results indicated that the vectors, pEWP containing WT1 promoter and pEWPA containing both WT1 enhancer and promoter, were constructed by recombinant DNA technique. Among nonhematopoietic cell lines, pEWP induced the highest EGFP expression in ECV304 (16.54 +/- 2.45 times as high as pEGFP-1), mildly higher in MCF-7 and SHG44 (9.46 +/- 1.10 and 7.29 +/- 0.73 times of pEGFP-1 level), and lowest in HT-29 (0.99 +/- 0.02 times as much as pEGFP-1) respectively. Among hematopoietic cell lines, EGFP expression was highest in K562 cell line (2.93 +/- 0.27 times of pEGFP-1), which was statistically higher than those in Jurkat and SHI-1 cell lines (0.74 +/- 0.03 and 0.84 +/- 0.09 times of pEGFP-1 level) respectively. pEWPA, with WT1 enhancer inserted at Afl II site near SV40 polyA, increased basal transcription levels of the WT1 promoter in HT-29, SHI-1 and K562 cells by 4.81, 3.06 and 1.01-fold respectively. It is concluded that the transcriptional activities of WT1 promoter in the recombinant vector seem unrelated to the constitutional expression level of endogenous WT1 gene. The WT1 enhancer promotes the transcriptional activities of WT1 promoter in some of the cell lines regardless of the hematopoietic tissue origin.
Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; genetics ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; K562 Cells ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; U937 Cells ; WT1 Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEA prospective study was conducted to probe into the relationship between arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and brain injury during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD).

METHODEnrolled in the study were 45 cyanotic infants, who were less than three years old and underwent corrective cardiac surgery from August 1(st), 2010 to January 31(st), 2011 at Guangdong General Hospital. All the infants had a pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) lower than 85% and were randomly allocated into three groups by a specific computer program. In controlled group 1 (G1 group), PaO2 levels were controlled at 80 - 120 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) during CPB; in controlled group 2 (G2 group), PaO2 levels at 120 - 200 mm Hg during CPB; while in uncontrolled group (G3 group), PaO2 levels were at 200 - 400 mm Hg during CPB. Blood samples were collected just before starting CPB, at the end of CPB, and at 3 h, 5 h, and 24 h after CPB (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) for the determination of serum concentrations of protein S100β, neuron specific enolase (NSE), and adrenomedullin (ADM) by ELISA.

RESULTProtein S100β rose significantly after starting CPB. In group G3, it reached a peak of (699 ± 139) ng/L by the end of CPB, significantly higher than those in groups G1 and G2 [(528 ± 163) ng/L and (585 ± 155) ng/L], and was positively correlated with PaO2 levels (r = 0.526, P < 0.01). NSE levels of group G1 were continuously rising after starting CPB and reached significantly high levels at 3 h or 5 h after CPB [(12.2 ± 3.4) µg/L and (12.3 ± 3.7) µg/L], while those of group G2 rose significantly during CPB [(10.9 ± 4.8) µg/L] and even higher at 3 h or 5 h after CPB [(12.6 ± 5.1) µg/L and (13.2 ± 5.4) µg/L]. NSE levels of group G3 rose significantly during CPB and maintained at a high level [(12.2 ± 5.7) µg/L] afterwards. There was no significant difference in serum ADM concentrations among different time points in each group and among these three groups. All the infants were discharged from the hospital without any obvious nervous symptom and sign.

CONCLUSIONHigh PaO2 during CPB in infants with CHD might cause an increase of serum protein S100β and NSE, indicating that brain injury might become worse with a higher PaO2 and might be positively correlated with PaO2 during CPB.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child, Preschool ; Cyanosis ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; blood ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; blood ; Partial Pressure ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Prospective Studies ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; blood ; Serum