Objective: To quantitatively analyze the content of glucose in glucose injection by near infrared spectroscopy to control the quality of the product.Methods: A quantitative model was established by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and the injection came from pharmaceutical enterprises with different concentrations of glucose and the solution samples came from laboratories with different concentrations of glucose.The liquid sample accessories were selected, a quantitative model was established by a partial least squares method, and the effect of environmental temperature on the model was studied as well.Results: According to the quantitative model, the correlation coefficient reached up to 0.999 3, and RMS deviation (RMSECV) was 0.077 4.In the verification test, the results of various liquid formulas containing glucose were similar to those of the laboratory results.The prediction error was less than 5% within the temperature range of 20-35℃.Conclusion: The model of near-infrared partial least squares (PLS) can accurately predict the content of glucose in glucose products without sodium chloride, and can be used for the quality control of glucose intermediates and the finished products in the large infusion manufacturers

To observe the effects of Shoushen Granule, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on telomere length and telomerase activity in peripheral leukocytes and vascular cells, artery wall lesions and blood lipid in a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of atherosclerosis.

Objective:To develop a qualitative analysis model for the fast identification of Dens Draconis and its adulterants by NIR correlation coefficient method. Methods:On the basis of the traditional morphological identification, the spectra were collected u-sing the fiber accessory of a near-infrared spectroradiometer. The reference spectra were set up using the NIR spectra of certified Dens Draconis. The characteristic spectral section was chosen and the appropriate threshold was set to establish a qualitative analysis model for the rapid identification of Dens Draconis and its adulterant. Results:The spectral section of 5 000-4 200 cm-1 was selected as the characteristic spectral section, the correlation coefficient of Dens Draconis and its adulterant was calculated in training set samples, and 92. 67% was used as the threshold. Totally 10 batches of validation set samples were validated the qualitative analysis model, and the prediction accuracy was 90%. Conclusion:The method has good prediction ability, and can be used in the rapid identification of Dens Draconis and its adulterant.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with subanesthetic dose of ketamine on the emergence agitation in the patients undergoing thoracotomy.Methods Eighty ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 55-75 yr,weighing 50-75 kg,scheduled for elective esophageal cancer resection,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:normal saline group (NS group),dexmedetomidine group (group D),subanesthetic dose of ketamine group (group K),and dexmedetomidine combined with ketamine group (group DK).In DK and K groups,ketamine 0.5 mg/kg was injected intravenously (within 1 min) at 10 min before the end of the operation.In DK and D groups,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 10 min starting from 10 min before the end of operation.In group NS,the equal volume of normal saline was infused intravenously over 10 min starting from l0 min before the end of operation.The emergence time,extubation time,duration of ICU stay,occurrence and degree of agitation,and development of cardiovascular events and hypoxemia within 24 h after operation were recorded.Ramsay sedation scores were recorded before induction of anesthesia (T1),immediately after completion of administration at the end of surgery (T2),and at 0,5,10 and 30 min after extubation (T3-6).Results There was no significant difference in the emergence time,extubation time,and duration of ICU stay between the four groups.Compared with group NS,Ramsay sedation scores were significantly increased at T3-6,the incidence and degree of agitation were decreased,and the incidence of cardiovascular events and hyoxemia was decreased in D,K and DK groups.Compared with D or K group,Ramsay sedation scores were significantly increased at T3-6,the incidence and degree of agitation were decreased,and the incidence of cardiovascular events and hyoxemia was decreased in group DK.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with subanesthetic dose of ketamine can prevent the emergence agitation in the patients undergoing thoracotomy,which provides better efficacy than either alone.

This study was aimed to establish a qualitative model of near-infrared spectroscopy in order to accurately and rapidly identify several mineral Chinese medicinals from fossil including Os Draconis, Dens Draconis, Fossil Shell of Spirifer, and Fossil Crabs. The near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy combined with OPUS software was used to analyze the spectral characteristics of these samples. The pattern recognition method was explored through cluster analysis. And the accuracy of the model was verified. The results showed that these mineral Chinese medicinals from fossil had their characteristics absorption so that they can be quickly and accurately differentiated from each other through pattern recognition method. It was concluded that based on near-infrared spectroscopic mod-eling, these mineral Chinese medicinals from fossil including Os Draconis, Dens Draconis, Fossil Shell of Spirifer, and Fossil Crabs can be quickly and accurately identified.

Identification and functional analyses of antiviral restriction factors in hosts have become hot research topics. Four HIV restriction factors, APOBEC3G, Trim5alpha, Tetherin, and SAMHD1, have been identified in recent years. By encoding auxiliary proteins, lentiviruses can counteract host restriction factors. For example, the auxiliary proteins Vif, Vpu, and Vpx of HIV antagonize APOBEC3G, Tetherin, and SAMHD1, respectively. Furthermore, these auxiliary proteins enable the entry of HIV into host cells and influence the replication and pathogenicity of HIV. In this paper, we review the research progress in the functions of the three HIV auxiliary proteins that can antagonize the host restriction factors.
Animals ; HIV ; metabolism ; physiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Viral Proteins ; metabolism

Based on the research of text (Ⅰ) which determined the fermentation medium, the fermentation condition of CNY086 including temperature, volume, inoculum and inoculum age had been studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The optimum temperature, liquid volume, inoculum and seed age were 15?C, 250 mL/500 mL, 15%, 10 h. Under the conditions above mentioned, enzyme activity reached 104.36 U/mL in 5 L fermentor.

21 cold-active strains which produced cold-active cellulase were isolated from Bohai Bay. One of the strains CNY01 was a kind of Trichoderma viride and its cellulase activity was 67.30 U/mL. Through UV and DES mutation, the strain CNY086 was bred and its cellulase activity was 92.17 U/mL. The strain CNY086 had stable ability to produce cellulase. Through orthogonal experiment, the optimal condition of the fermentation medium had been tested. The suitable medium was that straw power 1.20%, bran 0.70%, (NH4)2SO4 0.50%, KH2PO4 0.55%, in this condition the cellulase activity came to 108.55 U/mL.

Oncocytic lipoadenoma is a rare tumor, with only 18 cases having been reported since the first in 1998. We encountered a case of oncocytic lipoadenoma presenting as a slowly growing parotid mass in a 71-year-old man. This tumor is characteristically comprised of a mixture of oncocytes and adipocytes. The present case is one of five reported cases of oncocytic lipoadenoma showing sebaceous differentiation. The results of immunohistochemical study with DOG1 antibody supported the origination of this tumor in the striated duct.
Adipocytes ; Aged ; Humans ; Oxyphil Cells ; Parotid Gland*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical outcomes of the posterior C1,2 screw-rod combined with C2 unilateral translaminar screw and contralateral pedicle screw fixation and autogenous bicortical iliac crest graft fusion in treating upper cervical instability with vertebral artery variations.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to December 2012, the clinical data of 12 patients with upper cervical instability underwent C1 lateral mass screws-C2 unilateral laminar and contralateral pedicle screws fixation combined with autogenous bicortical iliac crest graft fusion were analyzed retrospectively. There were 8 males and 4 females with a mean age of 47.5 years (ranged, 16 to 77 years). Patients suffered from occipitocervical activity limitation of motion with pain or not, VAS was 0-7 points with an average of (3.50 +/- 2.71) points. Unilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia was demonstrated by vertebral arteriography (VAG) or CTA in all patients. Cervical X-ray and CT scans were done within 7 days after surgery in order to confirm internal fixation position. Internal fixation loosening and breakage, reduction losing, bone fusion ratio were observed during follow-up.

RESULTSNo nerves and vertebral artery injuries occurred during operation. Cervical pain obviously decreased and VAS was (0.92 +/- 0.90) points. Cervical alignment of 12 patients had well-recovered by X-ray while Atlantoaxial ventral lamina cortex of 1 case was encroached by CT scan without neurological symptom. All patients were followed up for 6 months to 3 years, no internal fixation loosening and breakage, reduction losing were found. All patients obtained bone fusion in 6-12 months after operation.

CONCLUSIONPosterior C1 lateral mass screws-C2 unilateral laminar and contralateral pedicle screws fixation combined with autogenous bicortical iliac crest graft fusion can achieve biomechanical stability and raise the successful rate of bone fusion, while avoiding the risk of vertebral artery injury and overcoming the insufficient of bone fusion during bilateral laminar screws placement as well. Posterior C1 lateral mass screws fixation is a safe and effective additional method in treating upper cervical instability with vertebral artery variations.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Screws ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Joint Instability ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vertebral Artery ; pathology