Objective To evaluate the development and utilization of measurement techniques on DSA postprocessing system in interventional radiology. The POLYTRON 1000 VR DSA machine from Siemens Corporation was served as an example for the evaluation. Method The data assessed included the correlated factors of measurement techniques, utilization of original computer information, sequences of measurement and effects of technique application. The different measurement techniques were applied according to the clinical needs. The measurement results of tumors were compared on those of ultrasonography, CT and DSA image in 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. The most frequently applied data were the measurements of distance, degree of vascular stenosis and functions of cardiac ventricle. Result and Conclusion The sizes measured on DSA is significantly differ from those on ultrasonography and CT. The proper measurement techniques can be applied for interventional radiology in DSA postprocessing system.

Objective To investigate the property and value of digital photographic technology in nonvascular intervention. Methods The nonvascular interventional photographies of 204 procedures were retrospectively analyzed, including 126 in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) unit (DSA group) and 78 in digital X ray unit (non DSA group) The quality of images of contrast photography was evaluated. Results The image of the inspected tracts were clear in 104 (82%) of DSA group and 66(85%) of non DSA group respectively. Conclusions The good quality images of digital photography can be obtained in nonvascular interventional radiology, which is analogous to that on DSA unit.

OBJECTIVE To prevent and control hospital cross-infection and hematogenous disease dissemination during oral cavity procedures.METHODS The problems that existed universally in instrument treating processes during oral cavity procedures were taken seriously.The perfect management rules and regulations were established.The instructions of technical operation were carried out strictly.We strengthened own-self occupation protection and implemented the standard prevention isolation principle.We guaranteed oral cavity synthesis method to implement,such as the instrument cleaning,disinfection,and antiseptic quality.RESULTS The hospital infection occurred in the oral cavity procedures could be reduced and avoided fundamentally through implementing infection control measure.The medical safety could be ensured.CONCLUSIONS The personnel standard diagnosing and treating operation of medical care should be established in hospital.The idea of disinfection and isolation asepsis should be enhanced.Own-self occupation protection must be required strictly.It is extremely important to control the infection during the oral cavity procedures.

0 05) CONCLUSION:The health problems and rational use of drugs in the aged should be given more concerns,especially in the patients between the ages of 60 and 69 years The reason why the consultation rate of man is higher than that of women should be found out The use of injection preparations and the kinds of drug for combined use ought to be decreased

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common acute and critical illness that may result in hemorrhagic shock.In conventional concept, sufficient blood transfusion to ensure volume resuscitation was necessary for this emergency condition.With the propose and application of restrictive transfusion strategy in clinical practice, the new concept has been applied in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.Restrictive transfusion strategy could maintain the perfusion of vital organs with a minimized blood transfusion, and avoiding the coagulopathy and acidosis caused by massive transfusion.This article reviewed the advances in study on gastrointestinal bleeding and restrictive transfusion strategy.

Objective To observe the expression of EGFR,TGF-?,AQP-2 and Bax during development of renal tubules in chick embryo,and explore the role and regulating significance of them. Methods The expression of EGFR,TGF-?,AQP-2 and Bax were observed by immunohistochemistry combined with stereological methods in 36 chicks kidney at 10th-46th incubation stages.The expression intensity of them was analyzed by IPP software. Results The epithelial cells of proximal tubules in chick embryo appeared EGFR immunoreactivity at 26th-46th stages;At 26th-37th stages the epithelial cells of proximal tubules and distal tubules of mesonephros appeared TGF-? immunoreactivity,the epithelial cells of proximal tubules and distal tubules of metanephros appeared TGF-? immunoreactivity at 33rd-40th stages,at 40th-46th stages the epithelial cells of proximal tubules of metanephros appeared TGF-? immunoreactivity but the epithelial cells of distal tubules did not appeare TGF-? immunoreactivity;The epithelial cells of collecting tubules in chick embryo appeared AQP-2 immunoreactivity at 26th-46th stages;The epithelial cells of proximal tubules and distal tubules of mesonephros appeared Bax immunoreactivity at 26th-37th stages,the epithelial cells of proximal tubules of metanephros appeared Bax immunoreactivity at 33rd-46th stages.Images showed the expressions of EGFR,TGF-?(?_1,?_2,?_3)and Bax first displayed up then down,but expression of AQP-2 always displayed up during development of chick embryo.Conclusion Mesonephros of chick embryo has the function of excreting.Degeneration of renal tubules of mesonephros might be related with the excessive expression of TGF-? and Bax.Development,differentiation and maturation of renal tubules and collecting tubules of metanephros might be due to the synergetic expression of EGFR,TGF-?,AQP-2 and Bax.AQP-2 relats to the balance of water during development and maturation of renal tubules in chick embryo.

The article reviewed dietary iodine reference intakes for different populations constituted by major countries and international organizations. Lowor high iodine intake can renderrisks to human health and there are different cut-points of iodineexcess for susceptible population. Universal salt iodization demonstratedthe influence on the spectrum of thyroid diseases and its benefitsoutweighrisks since its significant benefits on human potential and quality of life. This article has suggested practical evaluation indicators for certification of sufficient iodine intaketo keep adequate iodine intake for population.

OBJECTIVE:To explore an effective mode and way to quickly train on-the-job pharmacist to become clinical pharmacist in China.METHODS:With the reference to the process and current situation of clinical pharmacist training both domestically and abroad,the background,systems and policies about clinical pharmacist training were compared and the per?sonal working experience of the author was considered,then an efficient mode for domestic on-the-job pharmacist training was put forward.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:On-the-job pharmacist training in China should be carried out in steps,which includes theoretical study and clinical practice,establishment of evaluation system,and writing of scientific papers,only by doing this can we really train the clinical pharmacists in clinical practice,ensure the safe,rational,effective and economic medication and reduce the waste of health resources.

Objective To explore the psychological status of nursing students of Tibetan and Han nationality.Method The questionnaire of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)was distributed to 120 nursing students of Tibetan and Han nationality by random sampling.Results SCL-90 total scores of Tibetan nursing students and Han nursing students were(136.96±30.76)and (129.78±28.99),respectively.There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).The scores of Tibetan nursing students was higher than that of Han nursing students on factors of somatization,force symptoms,sensitivity to social relations,depression, hostility,paranoid and psychosis,but the scores of Han nursing students were higher than Tibetan nursing students on factors of anxiety and terror,with significant significance(P<0.01).The results of SCL-90 showed that the scores of somatization,force symptoms,sensitivity to social relations depression,paranoid and hostility in the Tibetan nursing students of 1st grade were significantly higher than those in the Hannrusing students of the 1st grade score(P<0.05).The score of force symptoms,depression and psychosis in the Tibetan nursing students of 2nd grade were significantly higher than those in the Han nursing students of 2nd grade (P<0.05).The scores on force symptoms,sensitivity to social relations,depression and anxiety in Tibetan nursing students of the 3rd grade were higher than those in the Han nursing students of the 3rd grade(P<0.05).Conclusion Tthe psychological status of Tibetan nursing students is outstanding in contrast to Han nursing studetns,and Tibetan nursing students were given directed intervention of mental health problem according to their risk factors.

Objective To investigate the application of get-well treatments in the suffers after thorax opera- tion over 70 years old. Methods 68 suffers after thorax operation over 70 years old were divided to two groups. Comparison group( n = 32 ) is actualized general nurse. Experiment group( n = 36) is actualized lung function exercise before operation, and get-well treatments after operation, such as psychologic get-well, deep breath, abdominal breath, effective cough and sputuming, applying apparatus training breath; exercise limbs and body, atomization in- breath, and so on. Results The suffers in experiment group who have lung atrophy,lung infection, liquid in the tho- rax,the time in the hospital and the time holding thorax pipe are less than the suffers in comparison group. Conclu- sion Lung function exercise before operation and effective get-well treatments after operation have significant ef- fects on old suffers.