Objective There is still controversy over the effect of hyperglycemia on the tolerance of heart to ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperglycemia on I/R-induced ventricular arrythmia in isolated diabetic rat hearts. Methods Twenty-four healthy male SD rats weighing 210-250g were randomly divided into two groups: control group(C, n=10) and diabetes mellitus group(DM, n=14). Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg?kg~(-1). Blood glucose was measured 72h later and every week thereafter. Diabetes mellitus was defined as persistent hyperglycemia(blood glucose≥16.7 mmol/L after meal). The diabeticrats received no insulin. The rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital 60mg?kg~(-1). The hearts were immediately removed and perfused with oxygenated(95% O_2, 5% CO_2)Krebs-Henseleit buffer(KHB)in a Langendorff apparatus at a constant perfusion pressure of 80 mm Hg. The 14 diabetic rats were further divided randomly into 2 subgroups: (1)DM+KHB (n=7) and (2) DM+GLU(n=7) in which glucose 3.6 g was added to KHB 1000ml. After 20 min equilibration all hearts were subjected to 30 min global ischemia followed by 40 min reperfusion. Epicardial electrocardiogram was monitored. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia(VT) and ventricular fibrillation(VF) and their duration were measured. The severity of arrhythmia was quantified by arrythmia score(AS). Coronary outflow was collected for determination of creatine kinase(CK) release. Results The incidence of ischemia-induced arrythmia was significantly lowered in diabetic hearts. The incidence of VT was 14.3% and VF 28.6% in DM+KHB subgroup as compared to 60%(VT) and 100%(VF) in the control group. The CK release was significantly lower in diabetes group(DM) than in control group(C); furthermore the CK release in DM=KHB subgroup was lower than that in DM=GLU subgroup. Conclusion Diabetic rat hearts are less susceptible to I/R induced arrythmia. Hyperglycemic perfusion reduces to some extent the increased tolerance to I/R injury in diabetic rat hearts as shown by increased CK release in DM+GLU subgroup but hyperglycemic perfusion has anti-arrhythmic action as shown by 0% incidence of VT and VF in DM+GLU subgroup.

Objective To evaluate the role of the expression of protein kinase Cγ and Cα in spinal dorsal horn in the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5)'s participation in the development of morphine tolerance in rats. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats in which the intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully placed were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8 each): control group (group C), morphine tolerance group (group M), antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) plus morphine group (group ANT) and mismatch ODN plus morphine group (group MIS). Rats in group M received 0.9% normal saline (NS) 5 μl twice a day for 8 days, and IT morphine 15 μg was injected simultaneously at 6, 7 and 8 days twice a day. Rats in group ANT and MIS received IT antisense and mismatch ODN 30 nmol (in 0.9% NS 5 μl) twice a day for 8 days respectively and IT morphine 15 μg was injected simultaneously at 6, 7 and 8 days twice a day. Rats in group C received NS instead twice a day for 8 days. Paw-withdrawl threshold (PWT) to thermal and mechanical stimulation was measured at 6, 7 and 8 days after ODN injection (T1-3). The animals were killed on 9th day (T4) and the lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of mGluR5, PKCα and PKCγ mRNA (by RT-PCR), PKCαand PKCγ ( by Western blot). Results PWT to thermal and mechanical stimulation was significantly higher at T1.2in group M and MIS and at T1.3 in group ANT, the expression of mGluR5 mRNA, PKCα and PKCγ was significantly higher at T4 in group M and MIS, and mGluR5 mRNA expression was significantly lower at T4 in group ANT than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05). PWT to thermal and mechanical stimulation was significantly higher at T2.3, while the expression of mGluR5 mRNA, PKCα and PKCγ lower at T4 in group ANT than in group M ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The expression of protein kinase C in spinal dorsal horn plays an important role in the mGluR5's participation in the development of morphine tolerance in rats.

Objective To improve the identification of rush pneumoconiosis.Methods To analyze 47 cases of rush pneumoconiosis treated in our hospital from 2003 May to 2008 December.Results The male occupied 74% of 47 patients.The average age of onset was 34.2 ranging from 26.1 to 42.3.78.7% patiets presented with cough,sputum production,chest pain and dyspnea.4.2% patiets had PaO2 45 mmHg.85.1% patients' chest X-ray and CT images showed nodule shadows,interstitial fibrosis and ground glass attenuation.42.6% patients had restrictive ventilation disorders,2.1% obstrutive ventilation disorders 4.2% mixed ventilation disorders,and 74.5% decreased diffusing capacities.Through fiberoptic bronchoscopy,carbon sediment were seen on the 10% patients' bronchial walls,and bronchial lumen were distorted and stiff.Chronic inflammaion increased,macrophages and fibre tissues,and 21.2% dust cells were seen in pathology.All patients were treated according to their clinic symptoms.Conclusion Rush-mat dust was the main cause of rush pneumoconiosis,there were no special ways to cure this disease,prevention was the key to eliminate rush pneumoconiosis.

Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is characterized by a progressive depletion of CD4 T lymphocytes, which leads to dysfunction of the immune system. Although a variety of mechanisms may contribute to the gradual T cell decline that occurs in HIV-infected patients, abnormal apoptosis of infected or bystander T lymphocytes is an important event leading to immunodeficiency. The HIV envelope glycoprotein plays a crucial role in HIV associated apoptosis through both death receptor-mediated and mitochondria-dependent pathways. This review summarizes current knowledge of Env-mediated T lymphocyte apoptosis.

Objective To study the recent effect of ovary dislocation during the operation of cervical squa- mous carcinoma with stageⅠon ovary function.Methods 12 cases with cervical squamous carcinoma of stageⅠwere treated with surgery.During the operation bilateral ovaries with blood vessels were dislocated the abdominal cavity over the umbilical line through postperitoneum and fixed on the postperitoneum.12 cases were hysterec- tomized simply as the control.The change of ovary function was observed in one year after the operation.Results The levels of FSH and E_2 were decreased in the dislocating group(P

Objective To determine the efficacy of palliative radiotherapy in treating tumor-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides (MF).
Methods From January 2008 to January 2013, a total of 11 patients with tumor-stage MF were treated with local radiation therapy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The median age of these patients was 53.36±14.45 years. Female-male ratio was 1:1.2. The average course of disease was 10.82±3.37 years. All the patients were treated with local electronic beam irradiation with a total median dosage of 48.55±9.51 (40-74) Gy in an average of 24.55±5.57 (20-40) fractions, 5 fractions per week.
Results The median follow-up time was 55.27±29.3 (13-103) months. No severe acute or chronic side effects of irradiation were observed. Complete clinical response (CR) rate of the radiated sites was 54.5%(6/11), partial response (PR) rate was 36.4%(4/11), and the overall response rate (CR+PR) was 90.9%. One patient showed no response.
Conclusion Local radiotherapy with psolaren plus ultraviolet A and/or interferon maintaining treatment is an effective palliative therapy in the treatment of tumor-stage MF patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulifde (H2S) on the expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in GES-1 cells withHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to explore its mechanism on gastric mucosa inlfammation caused byH. pylori.
Methods: GES-1 cells were cultured for 24 h and divided into a control group (neitherH. pylori nor NaHS), anH. pylori group, a NaHS group (which was further divided into 4 groups at 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L NaHS), andH. pylori + NaHS group (which was further divided into 4 groups at 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L NaHS). Each group was then cultured for 3, 6, or 12 h. The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in GES-1 cells in theH. pylori group was higher than that in the control group. The expression of CSE in the 200 μmol/L NaHS group and 400 μmol/L NaHS group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), whereas the expression of NF-κB and IL-8 in all NaHS groups had no statistical differences compared with the control group (P>0.05). The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in all groups of NaHS,H. pylori + 200 μmol/L NaHS group, andH. pylori + 400 μmol/L NaHS group was lower than that in theH. pylori group (P<0.05). There was positive correlation among the expressions of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in theH. pylori group, theH. pylori + 200 μmol/L NaHS group, and theH. pylori +400 μmol/L NaHS group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:H. pylori can induce NF-κB and IL-8 mRNA expression and upregulate CSE mRNA expression. At 200 and 400 μmol/L, NaHS can suppressH. pylori-induced NF-κB and IL-8 mRNA expression and ameliorate the morphology ofH. pylori-induced GES-1 injury, which may protect gastric epithelial cells byH. pylori infection.

Objective:To explore the personnel arrangement in the outpatient pharmacy by calculating working hour to provide ref-erence for the rational staffing in hospital. Methods:The daily work content and working hour of 18 pharmacists in the outpatient phar-macy of a large general hospital from January to March in 2013 were following-up observed and recorded using the working hour meas-urement. The data were input the EXcellsoftware to establish the database, and the workload in various positions was collected and sorted. The obtained relative parameters were used to calculate the needed worker number on the basis of manpower planning model. Results:The research confirmed the mean operation time for 9 work programs in the outpatient pharmacy, and the time for drug dispen-sing and distributing was detailed. The needed number of pharmacists was 13. 29 according to the calculation, plus the officer-in-charge and sanitation workers, the total number was 15. 29(approx. 16). Conclusion:The working hour measurement can scientifically de-termine the time for each job, and the workload should be used as the foundation for configuring personnel qualification and the number in outpatient pharmacy.

BACKGROUND:As for patients with one-side backleg pain who were candidates for surgery treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, the common treatment includes lumbar vertebral plate opening and decompression, and laminectomy in combination with compression and bilateral pedicle screw fixation. However, these therapeutic approaches are not satisfactory. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility and efficiency of single-side lumbar interbody fusion and unilateral pedicle screw fixation for treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation patients with one-side backleg pain. METHODS:Forty patients with single-side lumbar disc herniation, suffering from unilateral backleg pain, were recruited from Shihezi People’s Hospital, China and were treated with single-side lumbar interbody fusion and unilateral pedicle screw internal fixation. The neurological function of patients was assayed using Japanese Orthopaedic Association score system before and after treatment, the improvement rate and excellent/good rate were calculated. Suk criterion was used to determine fusion status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean fol ow-up period for 40 patients was ranging from 6 months to 60 months. Al incisions healed wel , with no infection. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score after 6 months of treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05), with the excellent and good rate up to 88%. According to Suk criterion, 38 patients achieved bone graft fusion or possible fusion, with interbody fusion rate 95%, as revealed by radiographic and CT evidence. The remaining two patients were detected fusion at 9 months after treatment. Our findings indicate that, single-cage lumbar interbody fusion combined with single-side pedicle screw fixation is the feasible surgical technique and provides satisfactory effects in treating single-side lumbar disc herniation.

The British and French language analogy method in bilingual teaching was applied to the clinical students who were learning medical French in Kunming Medical University. Based on the students' good English foundation , a series of problems were solved properly such as contradictions between the professional course and foreign language classes , unmatched textbooks and teaching con-tents, the teachers' quality by lexical analogy and textual analogy and the rational allocation of the British and French language analogy teaching content. The teaching contents and methods were also properly worked out and good results were got.