Objective To test the validity of the stress-cognition vulnerability-model of depression in Chinese undergraduates.Methods 647 undergraduate students finished the Chinese version of 6 scales in time one.Cognitive Style Questionnaire(CSQ),Response Styles Questionnaire(RSQ-SF),Self-Esteem Questionnaire(SEQ),Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale(DAS),General Social and Academic Hassles Scale for Students(GSASHS),Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-DA)follow-up assessment in 1 month later,the General Social and Academic Hassles Scale for Students(GSASHS)scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)scale were completed.Then,vulnerability factors for depression symptoms were used to predict depression symptoms by Multiple Hierarchical Regression(MHR).Path analysis and structural equation model(SEM)were used to explore integrated vulnerability-stress model of depression in Chinese undergraduates.Results Vulnerability-stress interaction was entered into regression equation.The results showed that the vulnerability-stress interaction provided incremental predictive validity to depressive.Symptoms path analysis showed that negative cognition→rumination→depression was a important pathways to cause depression(β=-0.31,P<0.01).The structural equation model for integrated vulnerability-stress model of depression analysis indicated the fit index:GFI =0.95,CFI=0.94,IFI=0.94,RMSEA=0.085.Conclusion A cognition vulnerability-stress medels of depression in Chinese undergraduates was provided and to be confirmed.The rumination was a important mediated variable.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of thoracic cavity perfusion with cisplatin combined with mannan peptide in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusion.Methods 47 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusion with a median age of 50 years old (41-70 years old) were enrolled.Pleural effusion occurred at 38.5 months on average after diagnosis,unilateral effusion was seen in 45 patients (95.7 ％),bilateral effusion was seen in 2 patients (4.2 ％).Cisplatin combined with mannan peptide was administered through pleural puncture by PICC center vein pipe after drainage.Data of survival complications and response to the treatment were reviewed.Results 17 patients (36.1％) had a complete remission (CR),21 patients (44.6 ％) had partial remission (PR),and the total remission rate (CR+ PR) was 80.9 ％.The median survival time was 10.5 months.Patients with pleural fluid pH ≥ 7.2,glucose ≥ 60 mg/L,and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) ＜ 600 U/L showed association with good efficacy,the efficacy rates were 85.0 ％ (34/40),86.5 ％ (32/37),89.5 ％ (34/38),the median survival time were 11.5,12.0,12.5 months.Pleural fluid pH ＜ 7.2,glucose ＜ 60 mg/L,and LDH ≥ 600 U/L showed association with poor efficacy,the efficacy rates were 42.8 ％ (3/7),50.0 ％ (5/10),44.4 ％ (4/9),the median survival time were 6.5,6.5,6.0 months (P ＜ 0.05).The curative effect of the patients with bone metastasis and (or) pulmonary metastasis without liver metastasis was more similar with that of the patients with liver metastases [(47.0 ％ (16/34) vs 57.1％ (4/7),x2 =0.01,P =0.29].But median survival time had significant difference (11.0 vs 6.0 months,P =0.02).The Cox multi-factor analysis confirmed that the LDH value of effusion was an independent factor as prognosis evaluation.Major side effects of the treatment included fever,chest pain,nausea and vomiting.Conclusion Thoracic cavity perfusion using cisplatin combined with mannan peptide is effective in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with pleural effusion,with relatively low toxicity.LDH value is a predictive factor for survival.The patients with liver metastases appeare poor median survival time.

Objective To detect the serum level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and after infliximab treatment and analyze the relevance between TRACP-5b and activity indexes of RA.The effect of different medicines on bony erosion in RA and its possible mechanism were explored.Methods Patients were divided into two groups:16 patients were treated with inffiximab for 24 weeks (group 1 ),25 patients were treated with MTX for 24 weeks (group 2).The core indicators of RA activity were evaluated.Ranked test,grouped design and matched t test was used to examine the quantity data between groups,while numerate data was analyzed with qui-square test.Correlation between data was tested by Spearmen's and Pearson's tests.RestltsThe levels of TRACP-5b in patients with X-ray stagesⅠ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅳ were elevated at the baseline.The levels of TRACP-5b in phase Ⅲ and Ⅳ were [(3.34±1.07) U/L] and[(4.05±0.25) U/L] respectively,higher (P＜0.05) than those in phase Ⅰ[(1.69±0.48) U/L].At week 0,week 12,and week 24,the serum levels of TRACP-5b in group 1 were(3.07±1.32),(2.72±1.18),(2.16±1.09) U/L respectively,while the levels in week 12,and 24 were significantly lower than those of week 0(P＜0.05).A significant decrease of serum TRACP-5b level in group 1[(2.16±1.09 ) U/L]when compared to group two[ (3.05±0.93) U/L] after 24 weeks.TRACP=5b level was positively correlated with the course of disease (r=0.313,P=0.043 ),HAQ(r=0.443,P=0.007).Conclusion Infliximab can reduce TRACP-5b level in RA and inhibit inflammatory bone loss.TRACP-5b can be used to evaluate the efficacy of biological agents in treating RA.

OBJECTIVE:To clarify the bio-transformation form of apigenin in rats,and to speculate its possible metabolic path-way. METHODS:Rats were divided into blank group and medication group(apigenin 200 mg/kg,i.g.)with 6 rats in each group. Urine and feces samples were collected from 2 groups within 24 h after medication. After corresponding treatment,urine and feces samples were analyzed and detected by HPLC-IT-TOF-MSn under cation mode and anion mode. RESULTS:9 metabolites were iden-tified in urine sample of rats from medication group,i.e. 2,3-double bond reduction of apigenin (U1,U7,U8,U9),bonded to glucuronic acid(U2,U3,U4),bonded to sulphate(U5,U6,U7,U8,U9)and bonded to glucose(U2). 4 metabolites were iden-tified in feces sample of rats from medication group,i.e. 2,3-double bond reduction of apigenin(F3),bonded to glucuronic acid (F2)and bonded to glucose(F1). CONCLUSIONS:Apigenin mainly exists in form of prototype drug in rats. The reduction hap-pens on 2,3-double bond by the intestinal bacteria,and the product of apigenin boned to glucuronic acid or glucose can be formed when excreting in intestinal tract and rats in vivo,while the product of apigenin boned to sulphate can be formed only when excret-ing in rats in vivo.

Objective To observe the time-course expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in cerebral cortex after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The TBI model of mouse was established. The mice were divided in 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d after TBI, shamand control groups. The permeability of the blood brain barrier was evaluated by measuring the extravasation of Evans blue (EB) dye. The expression of Z O-1 in cerebral cortex in the injured area was detected by western blotting and im-munohistochemistry. Results The extravasation of EBdye of injured cortex gradually increased from 1 h, peaked at 1-3 d and approximately decreased to normal at 7 d after TBI. western blotting revealed that the expression of Z O-1 gradually decreased after 1 h, was at the lowest at 1-3 d, and then significantly increased after 7 d but was still lower than that of normal and shamgroups. The result of immunohisto-chemistry showed that Z O-1 had strong expression in vessel of normal cortex, gradually decreased after TBI, and almost disappeared at 3 d after TBI and gradually recovered to normal level later. Conclusion The expression of Z O-1 in the injured cortex after TBI initially decreases and then increases. The nega-tive correlation between Z O-1 expression and EBextravasation after TBI could be used as a newindi-cator for wound age estimation.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the time-course expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in cerebral cortex after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: The TBI model of mouse was established. The mice were divided in 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d after TBI, sham and control groups. The permeability of the blood brain barrier was evaluated by measuring the extravasation of Evans blue (EB) dye. The expression of ZO-1 in cerebral cortex in the injured area was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The extravasation of EB dye of injured cortex gradually increased from 1 h, peaked at 1-3 d and approximately decreased to normal at 7 d after TBI. Western blotting revealed that the expression of ZO-1 gradually decreased after 1 h, was at the lowest at 1-3 d, and then significantly increased after 7 d but was still lower than that of normal and sham groups. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that ZO-1 had strong expression in vessel of normal cortex, gradually decreased after TBI, and almost disappeared at 3 d after TBI and gradually recovered to normal level later. CONCLUSION The expression of ZO-1 in the injured cortex after TBI initially decreases and then increases. The negative correlation between ZO-1 expression and EB extravasation after TBI could be used as a new indicator for wound age estimation.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology* ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Permeability ; Tight Junctions/metabolism* ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect of transurethral resection of the prostate combined with endocrine therapy (TURP + ET) with that of αlA-blockers combined with ET ((αlA-b + ET) in the treatment of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and to investigate the safety of the TURP + ET for the treatment of PCa with BOO.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 63 cases of PCa with BOO, 28 treated by αlA-b + ET and the other 35 by TURP + ET. We obtained the residual urine volume (RV), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life score (QoL) before and after treatment along with the overall survival rate of the patients, followed by comparison of the parameters between the two methods.

RESULTSAt 3 months after treatment, RV, IPSS, and QoL in the TURP + ET group were significantly decreased from (137.8 ± 27.6) ml, (22.3 ± 3.6), and (4.2 ± 0.8) to (29 ± 13.6) ml, (7.8 ± 2.1), and (1.6 ± 0.5) respectively (P < 0.05), while Qmax increased from (5.6 ± 2.1) ml/s to (17.6 ± 2.7) ml/s (P < 0.05); the former three parameters in the αlA-b + ET group decreased from (133.6 ± 24.9) ml, (21.5 ± 3.2), and (4.7 ± 1.1) to (42 ± 18.3) ml, (12.8 ± 2.6), and (2.5 ± 0.7) respectively (P < 0.05), while the latter one increased from (6.3 ± 2.4) ml/s to (11.7 ± 2.3) ml/s (P < 0.05), all with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The overall survival rate of the TURP + ET group was not significantly different from that of the αlA-b + ET group (51.4% vs 46.4% , P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTURP + ET is preferable to αlA-b + ET for its advantage of relieving BOO symptoms in advanced PCa without affecting the overall survival rate of the patients.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the effect of neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) on the inflammatory reaction of the remaining liver tissue and liver function after partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats of SPF were constructed as a PH model with deligation and ablation operated on their left and middle lobes,respectively.Then,they were randomly divided into two groups:NCPB group and control group.Twelve hours after the surgery,0.5％ lidocaine was given in the NCPB group once a day,while 0.9％ saline was given in the control group.Determination of liver function,generation of the remaining liver,and deposition of IL-β,TNF-α of the pathological section was respectively made on Day 1,3 and 7 after the surgery.Results On Day 1,3 and 7 after surgery,both the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in NCPB group were,to different degrees,lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Strikingly,total bilirubin in NCPB group was lower than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01) on Day 7,while the level of semm albumin was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistically significant difference on the generation of the remaining livers between NCPB and control groups.On Day 3 and 7,the deposition of IL-β,TNF-α in the pathological sections of NCPB group were lower than those in control group.Conclusion NCPB can not only effectively reduce the damage of liver function caused by PH surgery,but also improve the inflammatory reaction of the residual liver.

Objeetive To analyze the effect of treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD) by scleral bucking as well as the relative risk factors affecting the anatomical reattachment and visual recovery.Methods One hundred and fortyeight patients (148 eyes) with RRD treated by sclera buckling surgery in our hospital during January 2012 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The rate of postoperative retinal anatomic reattachment,the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and complications were observed.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlative factors affecting the anatomical reattachment and postoperative vision restoration.R~ults Retinal reattachment achieved in 91.9％ after initial surgery and the final success rate for anatomic reattachment was 97.3％ assessed with ophthalmoscope and fundus photography.But these two rates were assessed with the optical coherence tomography (OCT) were 60.1％ and 80.4％ respectively.Single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that retinal detachment was affected by multiple breaks and Grade C1 PVR(all P ＜0.05);Single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative BCVA,course of disease,retinal detachment range,macular involvement or not had an impact on the postoperative recovery of BCVA (all P ＜ 0.05),preoperative age,refractive status,releasing retinal fluid or not,intravitreal gas injection,combined scleral buckling,and postoperative subretinal fluid,all of these factors had no effect on BCVA recovery after surgery (all P ＞ 0.05).And through multiple factors Logistic regression analysis,preoperative BCVA was an independent risk factor for BCVA recovery after surgery (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Scleral bucking is an effective technique for managing RRD,but multiple breaks and Grade C1 PVR are significant risk factors for anatomic.Preoperative BCVA,course of disease,retinal detachment range,macular involvement or not have the impact on the BCVA recovery after scleral buckling,and the preoperative BCVA is the key factor.Early diagnosis and early treatment as well as protecting the preoperative visual acuity can improve prognosis.

Objective To analyze the serious complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to summarize the clinical data of 1950 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia from January 2005 to December 2014.All patients received TURP.The mean patient Age,disease course,IPSS score,PV and Qmax of 1 950 eligible patients were 71 years (54 to 87 years),7.6 years(0.5 to 15.0 years),(65.1 ±33.4)ml,25.5 ±3.9 and (8.1 ±2.6)ml/s,respectively.Intraoperative and postoperative complications were graded according to the CLASSIC and modified Clavien classifications,respectively.Serious complications were defined as grade Ⅲ or higher.Results Among the TURP procedures,99 serious complications occurred,resulting in a serious complication rate of 5.1％,Serious intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were 1.2％ (24 cases) and 3.9％ (75 cases),respectively.Serious intraoperative complications included ureteral orifice injury (3 cases),bladder explosion (4 cases),and transurethral resection syndrome (17 cases).Serious postoperative complications included massive hemorrhage (26 cases),severe dysuria (18 cases),permanent urinary incontinence (4 cases),cardio-cerebral vascular accident (5 cases),pulmonary thrombosis (3 cases),severe infection(18 cases),and death (1 case).Conclusions Serious complications may occur at any stages during TURP.Understanding the causes and characteristics of complications,strengthening the prevention and effective treatment is the key measure to reduce the incidence rates.