Objective To investigate the therapy and treatment opportunities for spontaneous pneumothorax in the older adults.Methods Clinical data and therapy outcomes of 124 elderly patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were collected in our hospital.The treatment methods and operation opportunity were summarized.Results Among 124 elderly patients,2 cases (1.6％) were treated with oxygen and medicine conservative treatment.42 cases (33.9 ％) had good degree of postoperative atelectasis after closed drainage of pleural cavity,and no obvious symptoms of pneumothorax were found by thoracic CT.80 cases (64.5％) obtained well recovery after thoracoscope surgery,2 cases (1.6％) had recurrence during the 6-month follow-up and recovered after conservative treatment in hospital.Conclusions The closed drainage of thoracic cavity has a good curative effect on senile spontaneous pneumothorax,but it is easy to relapse.Thoracoscope surgery has definite clinical curative effect with less recurrence.The operation opportunities should be considered accurately in order to avoid the treatment delay.

Plant extracts are kinds of important anticancer drugs.Anticancer drugs research has focused on several important plant extracts such as resveratrol,ricin,epigallocatechin-3-gallate,oridonin,juglone,quercetin,matrine,nordihydroguaiaretic acid.In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that their antitumor mechanisms including induction of apoptosis,cytotoxicity,induced redifferentiation,antiangiogesis,antiinvasion and anti-metastasis.Plant extracts have multi-link and multi-target.Part of them have been used in preclinical studies.In-depth study of the anti-tumor mechanisms of plant extracts on cancer treatment is important,and the full mechanism needs further study.

FOXM1 (Forkhead box M1), one factor of the Forkhead family, has three subtypes (FOXM1a, FOXM1b, FOXM1c). The current study focuses on FOXM1b and FOXM1c. FOXM1 regulates transcription of prolifemtion-nssociated genes and plays a vital role in embryogenesis as well as reorgani-zation. Recent studies have shown that FOXM1 is closely related with tumor occurrence and development. Tumors with high expression of FOXM1 are often poorly differentiated, highly malignant, distantly metastat-ic, poorly predicted. FOXM1 has a influence on the tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogene-sis through regulating its downstream tumor-related genes. At present, the synthesis and study of the anti-tumor chemicals targeting FOXM1 offer a possibility of the FOXM1 in clinical applications. More and more researchers attach importance to its tumor therapeutic value both at home and aboard. This paper will make a review about the lastest FOXM1 research in oncology.

ObjectiveTo explore the factorial structure of Chinese revision of connor-davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) in Chinese college students.MethodsA total of 1534 college students were recruited for this study.After item analysis,half of the sample was used for exploratory factor analysis and the other for confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe Chinese revision of CD-RISC contained 19 items.Exploratory factor analysis showed that three factors were better:adaptability,tenacity and autonomy.And the results of confirmatory factor analysis ( x2/df =3.83,RMSEA =0.06,GFI =0.92,AGFI =0.90,CFI =0.92,NFI =0.89) indicated that this model provided a reasonable good fit for Chinese college students.ConclusionThis study indicate that the three-factor model of CD-RISC is adaptable to Chinese college students.

BACKGROUND: Since the diagnostic unit is established in "mental disorder due to Qigong", it has been lack of comparative analysis of experimental observation on whether Qigong exercise affects physiological state in central nerve system, on what the difference are between Qigong and hypnotic induction in the effects on central system.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in brain evoked potentials in "normal state", "Qigong meditation" and "hypnosis" so as to analyze the difference between Qigong release and hypnotic induction in cerebral physiological effects in normal adults.DESIGN: Brain evoked potential experiment was designed, in which, normal adults were employed.SETTING: Shanghai Mental Health Center.PARTICIPANTS: They were staffs, interns and volunteers in Shanghai Mental Health Center, of either gender, at any age and with any educational background, totally 52 people.METHODS:① American Nicolet Spirit evoked brain electrophysiological meter was used. The electrodes were attached according to 10/20 system on Cz, C3, C4, Pz and Fz of scalp. Verbal or fixation inductive hypnosis was applied. Hypnosis lasted 20 to 30 minutes, in which, the induction lasted 10to 15 minutes. The experimental observation were performed when the receptors were determined to be in hypnosis.② The Qigong meditation was co-performed by the Qigong masters from Shanghai Qigong Institute or Qigong folk masters. They released "external qi" to the receptors. The degree of "Qigong meditction" was based on folk standards. The observation was carried on when the receptors were identified to be in theQigong state.The entire process lasted 20 to 30 minutes.③ To observe successively the latency and amplitude of the event related potentials [contingent negative variation (CNV), P300 ] and sensory evoked potentials [visual evoked potentials (VEP), auditory evoked potentials (AEP), auditory brainstem reaction (ABR)] of receptors in "normal state", "Qigong meditation" and "hypnotic state". The observed values were performed multiple analysis of variance of single-factor quantitative linear model in 2 × 2 factorial design.MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:① Observation of event related potentials. ② Observation of sensory evoked potentials RESULTS: Due to limited result of hypnotic induction and incomplete record of brain-evoked potentials, 3 cases were lost. Terminally, 49 cases entered statistical analysis. ①Observation of event related potentials: under hypnotic state, the amplitude of P300 (target stimuli-P3) was decreased compared with normal state [(4.18±2.23), (6.07±3.23) μV, P ＜ 0.01]. The amplitude of AEP (P2) in hypnotic state and normal state was decreased compared with Qigong meditation [(2.01±1.28), (2.71±1.83), (2.73±1.34)μV, P＜0.05].The amplitude of CNV(M2) was decreased comparedwith normal state and Qigong meditation[(5.93±3.36),(7.83±4.59),(7.76±4.42) μ,V,P ＜ 0.05].②Observation of sensory evoked potentials: The amplitude of VEP (P2, P3) in hypnotic state was reduced compared with normal state and Qigong meditation [(3.47±2.69), (4.76±2.78), (4.30±2.64) μV; (1.18 ±1.08), (1.68±0.95),(2.01±1.48) μV, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: In hypnotic state, sensory evoked potentials presented low amplitude and such alternation did not appeared in Qigong meditation and normal state. It is explained that there are differences between hypnotic induction and Qigong release in the influence on cerebral physiological process. The extensively recognized hypothesis in Qigong field that "Qigong state" is "hypnosis" cannot be verified by above-mentioned experiment.

Objective To investigate the effects of electric stimulation on motor function and expression of Rho kinase following cerebral infarction in rats. Methods Acute cerebral infarction was modeled in adult male Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats using the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion ( PMCAO) technique. The rats were randomly divided into sham operation, control, unilateral electric stimulation and bilateral electric stimulation groups ( each group had 36 rats). Electric stimulation was applied to the paralyzed ( unilateral or bilateral) limbs in the last two groups. Motor function recovery and the expression of Rho kinase were examined using a beam walking test ( BWT) and immunohistochemistry respectively at the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day after stimulation. In addition, the cerebral infarction volume was also determined by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining at different time points. Results Motor function improved significantly in the electric stimulation groups compared with the control group, and the effect in the bilateral electric stimulation group was better than that in the unilateral electric stimulation group. The expression of Rho kinase decreased remarkably in the electric stimulation groups, and it was significantly lower in the bilateral group than in the unilateral electric stimulation group. No difference in cerebral infarction volume was found at the 3rd day. At the 21st day, the cerebral infarction volume had decreased significantly in both stimulation groups compared with the control group, but no difference was seen between the unilateral and bilateral electric stimulation groups. Conclusions Early electric stimulation, especially bilateral electric stimulation, can improve motor function after cerebral infarction and reduce cerebral infarction volume, which may be associated with down-regulation of the expression of Rho kinase in the border zone of the infarction.

Objective To investigate the surgical technique and the curative effects of neuroendoscopic surgery via superior frontal sulcus in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods The clinical data of 63 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-one of them were treated by neuroendoscopic surgery via superior frontal sulcus(neuroendoscopic surgery group), and 32 of them were treated by mini- invasive drainage (conventional therapy group). All of them were followed up for 6 months, and were assessed by the activity of daily living (ADL) scale. Results After treatment, all patients reviewed CT. The clear rate of hematoma in neuroendoscopic surgery group was 86.0%, in conventional therapy group was 23.3%, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). There were one death case in neuroendoscopic surgery group and 2 death cases in conventional therapy group. The survival patients were followed up for 6 months .The rate of better prognosis in neuroendoscopic surgery group was 83.3%(25/30), in conventional therapy group was 53.3%(16/30), and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions The surgical technique of neuroendoscopic surgery via superior frontal sulcus in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is safe and effective.

OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of pathogenic organism of surgical cut infection and germiculture result from incisal margin swab,analyze the characteristic of pathogenic organism,and provide the measures to control.METHODS To investigate the patients from Jun 2004 to Sep 2005,and analyze the data of pathogenic organism of surgical cut infection and germiculture result from incisal margin swab.RESULTS From 10278 surgical cases 124 cases(1.29%) were with surgical cut infection,From 94 samples of incisal margin swabs 58(61.70%) were positive with 59 bacterial strains,including 32(54.24%) Escherichia coli isolates,10(16.95%) of coagulase negative Staphylococcus(CNS),3(5.08%) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and 3(5.08%) Streptococcus intermedius isolates.From 118 samples of surgical cut infection cases 102(86.44%) were positive with 120 strains,including 49(40.38%) E.coli isolates,25(20.83%) of CNS,and 7(5.83%) K.pneumoniae isolates.CONCLUSIONS The main bacteria of type Ⅰ surgical cut infection are Staphylococcus and that of types Ⅱ and Ⅲ surgical cut infection are E.coli.The rusults from incisal margin swabs have the important value to the treatment of surgical cut infection to guide the antibiotic use reasonably.

Objective To evaluate safety and effect of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV) for patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis and left atrial thrombi.Methods PBMV was performed in 27 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis and left atrial thrombi. 19 cases of left atrial fresh thrombi revealed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) received warfarin orally for 3-6 months before PBMV. Results PBMV was successful in all cases of mitral stenosis and left atrial thrombi. Left atrial fresh thrombi was completely resolved in 9 cases and became smaller chronic organized thrombi in 10 cases after warfarin anticoagulation treatment among 19 cases of left atrial fresh thrombi revealed by TEE. In 5 cases of left atrial chronic organized thrombi shown only transthoracic echocardiography and without anticoagulation treatment, one case had cerebral embolism. No complication occurred in other cases.Conclusions The study showed that patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation should have routine TEE. PBMV for rheumatic mitral stenosis with left atrial thrombi after anticoagulation treatment is safe and effective.