Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy are the important therapeutic methods for rectal cancer.Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy play a crutial role in rectal cancer treatment.New chemotherapy drugs and targeted therapy drugs could further improve the therapeutic effect of rectal cancer.

Objective To examine the effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA, K~+ channel blocker) on pancreatic ?-cell apoptosis and explore the mechanism. Methods Mouse ? cells (NIT cells) were exposed to streptozotocin(STZ) to induce apoptosis, and TEA of different concentrations were applied along with STZ to prevent efflux of intracellular K~+. Cells were stained with annexin V, PI and rhodamine 123. Flow cytometer (FCM) was used to determine the percent of apoptotic or viable cells and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. Culture media was collected to quantify the content of NO and ROS produced by NIT-cells. Cells were collected for detecting the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) in cells lysates. Results STZ induced apoptosis of NIT cells significantly (P

Objective To investigate the effect of astilbin on expression of CTLA-4 in activated T cells of mouse heart transplantation model with acute rejection.Methods Cardiomyocytes of BALB/ c mouse and spleen cells of C57BL/6 mouse were separated.The cardiomyocytes(2?10~5/ml)as irri- tation cells and spleen cells(1?10~6/ml)as responsers were mixed and cultured.The model of mouse heart transplantation with acute rejection in vitro was established.Three groups were set up:control group,Astilbin(15/?g/ml) group,Astilbin+anti-CTLA-4 mAb 9H10 (30?g/ml)group.Apoptosis of T cells was observed by TUNEL.The expression of CTLA-4 in activated T cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Apoptosis indexes of activated T cells in Astilbin group were sig- nificantly higher than those in the control group(73.4%?12.5% vs 35.1%?9.2%,P＜0.01). The expression of CTLA-4 in Astilbin group was significantly higher than control group(P＜0.01), but there was no apparently difference between control group and Astilbin+CTLA-4 mAb group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Astilbin induces apoptosis of activated T cells in heart transplantation,which may be partially related to its enhanced expression of CTLA-4.

Purpose To study the expression of HK2 in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissues and its effect on malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells.Methods HK2 expression in PCa tissues was determined by microarray database and immunohistochemical staining.Subsequently,the change of cellular phenotype was detected by glycometabolism kit,CCK-8 kit,and flow cytometry after HK2 knockdown.Results HK2 expression was elevated followed by prostate cancer development.HK2 depletion inhibited cellular proliferation and aerobic glycolysis,and increased the ratio of early apoptosis.Conclusion HK2 expression increases in the process of PCa malignant progression.It plays a critical role in cellular proliferation,glycometabolism,and apoptosis,the mechanism of which needs further exploration.

Objective To develop a real-time electronic nursing records quality control system based on No.1 Military Medical Project to solve the existing problems in range,representativeness of detection results,information feedback,information storage and etc.Methods An integrated platform was implemented for information acquisition,integration and display on the bases of No.1 Military Medical Project as well as the interfaces with information management systems for electronic nursing records,clinical laboratory examination,medical examination,imaging and etc,which had the functions of auto monitoring of timeliness and logic of electronic nursing records,manual quality control of the connotation as well as the feedback,statistics and analysis on the problems.Results The system behaved well in stability,compatibility,and could be used for real-time and dynamic control of electronic nursing records,timely information feedback and statistical analysis.Conclusion The system contributes to the quality control of electronic nursing records,and is of great significance for its enhancement.

Objective To assess the sleep disturbance in patients with early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease of different clinical subgroups. Methods Four hundred and eighty-six Chinese PD patients were selected as our subjects. Their clinical data including demographics,a broad spectrum of motor variables and non motor features,including tremor,rigidity,hypokinesia,PIGD,motor phenotypes,disease progression,fatigue, constipation,apathy,depression,global cognitive function and L-dopa complications were collected and analyzed by cluster analysis. The PD subtypes were classified by using k-means cluster analysis according to the clinical data. The cluster analysis indicated four main subtypes:subtype 1 was mildly affected in all domains;subtype 2 was severely affected on all motor and non motor symptoms;subtype 3 showed intermediate severity in most domains;subtype 4 characterized by short disease duration and rapid disease progression. Then compared the sleep disturbance among different subtypes with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index( PSQI). Results Two hundred and thirty-six cases(48. 6%)were identified as suffering from sleep disturbance. Of which,female PD with sleep disturbance rate was 55. 1%( 130/236 )and male was 44. 9%( 106/236 ). Female was prone to develop sleep disturbance at early stage than male. PSQI scores in subtype 1,2,3 and 4 were(6. 09 ± 3. 72),(9. 36 ± 4. 24), (7. 82 ±4. 35)and(9. 09 ± 4. 73)respectively and the difference was significant(F =14. 503,P =0. 000) . Conclusion Sleep disturbance occurs frequently in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease and exist clinical heterogeneity.

Objective To summarize the clinical result of patients undergoing endoscopic vein harvest (EVH) technology to collect greater saphenous vein (GSV) in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation, and to assess the operation outcome of EVH. Methods A total of 862 patients underwent primary CABG, among whom saphenous vein of 482 patients were taken using EVH, and the others by open vein harvesting (OVH) based on patients' willingness. The operation risk factors and complication were compared between the two groups. The 64 multi-slice computed tomography (64-MSCTA) was used to evaluate the vein grafts patency after surgery for 1 year. The vein patency between the two groups was compared. Results There was no significant difference in risk factors of incision complication between two groups ( P>0.05). But the incidence of various incision complication was significantly lower in EVH group (10.2%,49/482) compared with that in OVH group (35.0%,133/380) ( P<0.05). The time of harvesting and the length of conduits was similar between two groups (P>0.05). After 1 year's follow-up, the vein graft patency were 86.0%(404/470) and 87.1%(324/372) in EVH group and OVH group, and there was no significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions The decrease in incision complication of EVH is unquestionably superior to those of OVH, especially for those patients with risk factors of incision complication. The EVH vein graft has good patency in short time.

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc),a methylation inhibitor,on the proliferation of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer line (LNCaP),and on its regulation of methylation on glutathione s transferaseP1 (GSTP1) and retinoic acid receptorβ2 (RARβ2) gene.Methods LNCaP cells were treated with 5-Aza-dc in different concentration,CCK8 method was used to detect the growth of LNCaP cells.The methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene in LNCaP cell was detected by nested methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (nMSP).Results The proliferation of LNCaP cells was inhibited after exposed to 5-Aza-dc.The methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene was changed from hypermethylation to demethylation by the 5-Aza-dc.These effects were dose-and time-dependent within certain concentration of 5-Aza-dc,but LNCaP cells grew better after 72 h than within 48 h when exposed to 5 Aza dc below 1.0 μmol/L.Also the methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene changed from hypermethylation to demethylation by the 5-Aza-dc was not different when exposed to 5-Aza-dc below 1.0 μmol/L within 72 h and 48 h.Conclusions 5-Aza-dc may effectively inhibit the growth of LNCaP cells and reverse the DNA methylation damage in some tumor suppressor genes,but the continuity and stability of low dose 5-Aza-dc is changeable.The study will provide a research basis for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease in the early stages.Methods Clinical data of demographic,motor phenotype,disease progression,cognitive,mood,autonomic and hallucination variables were collected from 143 patients with PD in the early stages.The patients' subtypes were explored with statistical cluster analysis of the clinical data.Results The analysis indicated four main subtypes:1.the younger-onset subtype(n=40);2.The tremor dominant subtype(n=57);3.the non-tremor dominant subtype with fast progression(n=17);4.The non-tremor dominant subtype with mild depression(n=29).Age at onset,posture-instability scores,the ratio of tremor scores to non-tremor scores,rate of progression and apathy scores all differentiated patients of respective subgroups.Conclusion The patients with early Parkinson's disease have marked heterogeneity in the clinical phenotype.