Objective To examine the effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA, K~+ channel blocker) on pancreatic ?-cell apoptosis and explore the mechanism. Methods Mouse ? cells (NIT cells) were exposed to streptozotocin(STZ) to induce apoptosis, and TEA of different concentrations were applied along with STZ to prevent efflux of intracellular K~+. Cells were stained with annexin V, PI and rhodamine 123. Flow cytometer (FCM) was used to determine the percent of apoptotic or viable cells and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. Culture media was collected to quantify the content of NO and ROS produced by NIT-cells. Cells were collected for detecting the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) in cells lysates. Results STZ induced apoptosis of NIT cells significantly (P

Objective To investigate the effect of astilbin on expression of CTLA-4 in activated T cells of mouse heart transplantation model with acute rejection.Methods Cardiomyocytes of BALB/ c mouse and spleen cells of C57BL/6 mouse were separated.The cardiomyocytes(2?10~5/ml)as irri- tation cells and spleen cells(1?10~6/ml)as responsers were mixed and cultured.The model of mouse heart transplantation with acute rejection in vitro was established.Three groups were set up:control group,Astilbin(15/?g/ml) group,Astilbin+anti-CTLA-4 mAb 9H10 (30?g/ml)group.Apoptosis of T cells was observed by TUNEL.The expression of CTLA-4 in activated T cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Apoptosis indexes of activated T cells in Astilbin group were sig- nificantly higher than those in the control group(73.4%?12.5% vs 35.1%?9.2%,P＜0.01). The expression of CTLA-4 in Astilbin group was significantly higher than control group(P＜0.01), but there was no apparently difference between control group and Astilbin+CTLA-4 mAb group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Astilbin induces apoptosis of activated T cells in heart transplantation,which may be partially related to its enhanced expression of CTLA-4.

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy are the important therapeutic methods for rectal cancer.Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy play a crutial role in rectal cancer treatment.New chemotherapy drugs and targeted therapy drugs could further improve the therapeutic effect of rectal cancer.

Purpose To study the expression of HK2 in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissues and its effect on malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells.Methods HK2 expression in PCa tissues was determined by microarray database and immunohistochemical staining.Subsequently,the change of cellular phenotype was detected by glycometabolism kit,CCK-8 kit,and flow cytometry after HK2 knockdown.Results HK2 expression was elevated followed by prostate cancer development.HK2 depletion inhibited cellular proliferation and aerobic glycolysis,and increased the ratio of early apoptosis.Conclusion HK2 expression increases in the process of PCa malignant progression.It plays a critical role in cellular proliferation,glycometabolism,and apoptosis,the mechanism of which needs further exploration.

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc),a methylation inhibitor,on the proliferation of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer line (LNCaP),and on its regulation of methylation on glutathione s transferaseP1 (GSTP1) and retinoic acid receptorβ2 (RARβ2) gene.Methods LNCaP cells were treated with 5-Aza-dc in different concentration,CCK8 method was used to detect the growth of LNCaP cells.The methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene in LNCaP cell was detected by nested methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (nMSP).Results The proliferation of LNCaP cells was inhibited after exposed to 5-Aza-dc.The methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene was changed from hypermethylation to demethylation by the 5-Aza-dc.These effects were dose-and time-dependent within certain concentration of 5-Aza-dc,but LNCaP cells grew better after 72 h than within 48 h when exposed to 5 Aza dc below 1.0 μmol/L.Also the methylation of GSTP1 and RARβ2 gene changed from hypermethylation to demethylation by the 5-Aza-dc was not different when exposed to 5-Aza-dc below 1.0 μmol/L within 72 h and 48 h.Conclusions 5-Aza-dc may effectively inhibit the growth of LNCaP cells and reverse the DNA methylation damage in some tumor suppressor genes,but the continuity and stability of low dose 5-Aza-dc is changeable.The study will provide a research basis for clinical treatment.

Objective To compare the ability of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in screening cognitive impairment in early stage of Parkinscn disease (PD). Methods The cognitive function of 101 patients with Parkinson disease (Hohen-Yahr stage 1-3) was assessed with MMSE. Ninety-six patients defined as having a normal age- and education-adjusted MMSE score were assessed subsequently with MoCA. The 96 patients were divided into two groups according to cut-off points of 26 of MoCA. The performance of cognitive domain was compared between PD-MCI group (MoCA <26) and control group (MoCA≥26). Results Mean MMSE and MoCA scores (standard deviation) were 27.17 (2.69) and 22.60(4.42) , respectively. 75% of the patients with normal MMSE scores had cognitive impairment according to their MoCA score. The PD-MCI group had lower scores in numerous cognitive domains (visuospatial and executive abilities, naming, attention,language, ab-straction, delayed memory) compared with control group (PD-MCI group: 3.11±1.40,2.56±0.69,5.07±1.05, 1.69±0.85,1.08±0.84, 1.08±1.31 ;Control group:4.75±0.61,2.92±0.28,5.88±0.45,2.46±0.66, 1.92±0.28,3.50±0.78, P<0.05). Predictors of cognitive impairment on the MoCA using univariate analyses were gender, age, education, Hoehn-Yabr stage, Unified Parkinscn Disease Rating Scale, depression severity (HAMD) and hallucination (r was-0.205,-0.209,0.263,-0.352,-0.225,-0.293 and-0.218, respectively). Condusions The MoCA is a more sensitive screening than the MMSE for cognitive impairment in early stage of PD.

Objective To develop a real-time electronic nursing records quality control system based on No.1 Military Medical Project to solve the existing problems in range,representativeness of detection results,information feedback,information storage and etc.Methods An integrated platform was implemented for information acquisition,integration and display on the bases of No.1 Military Medical Project as well as the interfaces with information management systems for electronic nursing records,clinical laboratory examination,medical examination,imaging and etc,which had the functions of auto monitoring of timeliness and logic of electronic nursing records,manual quality control of the connotation as well as the feedback,statistics and analysis on the problems.Results The system behaved well in stability,compatibility,and could be used for real-time and dynamic control of electronic nursing records,timely information feedback and statistical analysis.Conclusion The system contributes to the quality control of electronic nursing records,and is of great significance for its enhancement.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the resistance of pathogens from the children with VAP in PICU,and to analyze the reasons of antibiotics resistance of the pathogens.METHODS The sputum obtained from the children with final diagnosis of VAP in PICU was cultured and identified from Jan 2005 to Dec 2006.The resistance of the bacteria identified to antibiotics used frequently was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS A total of 187 strains were isolated from sputum specimens,of which Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 76.5% and 23.5%,respectively.Acinetobacter baumannii(17.7%),Escherichia coli(16.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15.0%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(13.9%) were the most frequently isolates of Gram-negative bacilli.Their resistant rates to ?-lactam antibiotics were high,especially the ESBLs-producing strains in E.coli and K.pneumoniae.The Staphylococcus epidermidis(5.9%),Staphylococcus aureus(4.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis(4.3%) were the most common strains of Gram-positive cocci.No vancomycin-resistanct strains were found,but resistance rates to ?-lactam antibiotics and other antibiotics were high in S.epidermidis and S.aureus.CONCLUSIONS The main strains cultured from the sputum specimens of children with VAP in PICU are Gram-negative bacilli with high resistance rates to antibiotics,especially the ESBLs producing bacilli to ?-lactam antibiotics.Staphylococcus are the main Gram-positive cocci.

Objective To investigate the clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease in the early stages.Methods Clinical data of demographic,motor phenotype,disease progression,cognitive,mood,autonomic and hallucination variables were collected from 143 patients with PD in the early stages.The patients' subtypes were explored with statistical cluster analysis of the clinical data.Results The analysis indicated four main subtypes:1.the younger-onset subtype(n=40);2.The tremor dominant subtype(n=57);3.the non-tremor dominant subtype with fast progression(n=17);4.The non-tremor dominant subtype with mild depression(n=29).Age at onset,posture-instability scores,the ratio of tremor scores to non-tremor scores,rate of progression and apathy scores all differentiated patients of respective subgroups.Conclusion The patients with early Parkinson's disease have marked heterogeneity in the clinical phenotype.