Stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1)is an early cell growth factor which belongs to a subfamily of chemokines.The CXCR4 is SDF-1 receptor.The SDF-1 interacting with CXCR4 plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes such as hematopiesis, stem cell homing,angiogenesis and leukemic cells infiltrating.To study the expression of CXCR4 in leukemia and the relationship between CXCR4 and leukemic cells infiltration can add indicators for leukemic MIC diagnosis of immunology indexes and have great significance to take molecule targeted therapy for preventing leukemia from infiltration or relapse as well.

Tuo-Fawas one of three internal treatment rules in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) surgery. It had been widely used in the treatment of superficial suppurative diseases, visceral suppurative diseases and other diseases. This article was aimed to clarify the action mechanism ofTuo-Fa for carrying forward better services in the clinic. This article reviewed and recapitulated related literatures on experimental researches ofTuo-Fa in recent years. It mainly showed the research status on anti-infection, anti-tumor and anti-gastric ulcer withTuo-Fa and its prescriptions. It summarized the existed shortcomings, which was that experimental researches on the action mechanism ofTuo-Fa was still on the initial stage with a few references and obviously lagged behind clinical applications. However, some achievements were also made. It had initially revealed the action mechanism ofTuo-Fa in treatment of pyogenic infection. It also had research on action mechanism of anti-tumor and anti-gastric ulcer treatment. It developed new field for the clinical practice. Finally, the research on action mechanism ofTuo-Fa and future prospects were expressed.

Objective To observe the relationship among follicular development and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and IGF-Ⅰ receptor (IGF-ⅠR) mRNA during ovulation stimulation period in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) program. Methods IGF-Ⅰ levels in serum samples obtained before (menstrual day 3) and after stimulated (at the time of ovum pick-up) and follicular fluid samples were measured by ELISA. The expression of IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in the granulosa cell obtained from follicular aspiration was determined by RT-PCR. Results There was no significant difference between IGF-Ⅰ levels of serum samples before or after stimulated and follicular fluid. In patients with less than 4 follicls (diameter≥14 mm) at the time of ovum pick-up the IGF-Ⅰ mRNA level was significantly lower than that in patients with more than 4 follicles. Conclusion The serum IGF-Ⅰ levels fail to predict the numbers of follicular development; the levels of IGF-ⅠR mRNA in granulosa cells forecast the responsiveness of ovary to the stimulation of gonadotropins in an IVF program.

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM), sponsored by U.S. Endocrine Society, is particularly appreciated by clinical endocrine doctors worldwide. It is intimately related to clinical practice while still catching up state of art research methods and recent discoveries and its creativity, novelty, scientific reliability, feasibility and readability are highly appraised. Compared to JCEM, our Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism seems to be inadequate in certain aspects and needs to be improved in the future.

Experimental respiratory distress syndrome was induced with oleic acid injection to 8 dogs. 4 dogs received no treatment and served as controls, and the other 4 were treated with anisodamine (654-2) after oleic acid injection.All the animals were killed at the 72nd hour after injection, and their lung tissues were studied under electron microscope.It was found that anisodamine was able to reduce the severity of pulmonary edema. There was accumulation of neutrophils in the pulmonary capillaries and hyaline membrane formation on the epithelial surface of the alveoli and alveolar duct walls. Neutrophil accumulation in the capillaries may indicate that the content of the blood was kept at a fairly high level at the 72nd hour after injection in spite of anisodamine treatment. The chief constituent of the hyaline membrane was fibrin. At the sites of hyaline membrane formation, focal cyto-plasmic necrosis of the type I epithelial cells was often observed.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the bioequiavailability of two simvastatin preparations in human bodies.METHODS:A total of 18 healthy male volunteers were enrolled in a randomized crossover study in which the subjects were randomly assigned to receive single dose of 40mg simvastatin orally disintegrating tablet(test) or simvastatin tablets(reference).The plasma concentrations of simvastatin were determined by LC-MS,and the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with 3p97 program.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetics of simvastatin test and reference preparations were fitted the one-compartment model.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two preparations were as following:Cmax:(6.73?5.22) vs.(7.08?5.41)ng?mL-1、tmax:(2.11?0.74)vs.(1.89?0.85)h,AUC0～12:(19.83?19.09)vs.(19.98?18.20)ng?h?mL-1,AUC0～∞:(22.18?20.09)vs.(22.41?21.07)ng?h?mL-1.The relative bioavailability of simvastatin orally disintegrating tabl-et as against simvastain tablet(reference) was (99.25?13.11)%.CONCLUSION:Simvastatin test and reference preparations were bioequivalent.

OBJECTIVE:To improve response capacity of China to deal with intellectual property rights protection standard terms (Trips-plus terms) beyond the regulations of Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and to provide reference for improving national intellectual property rights protection policy. METHODS:Trips-plus terms and their common types were introduced to analyze their characteristics and consider about their adverse effects. RESULTS & CONCLU-SIONS:Common TRIPS-plus terms involve data protection,patent interlinkage,patent period extension,limitation of compulsory licensing and parallel importation,etc. These terms pose a significant challenge to developing countries,resulting in delaying entry of generics,increasing drug price,influencing drug accessibility and posing a great threat to public health. China,as the largest de-veloping country mostly relying on generic drugs,should scientifically assess the effects of TRIPS-plus on public health,drug ac-cessibility and pharmaceutical industry in the process of domestic legislation and negotiating a free trade agreement,and make effec-tive use of the TRIPS flexibility to protect the public health.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)is a common disease among premature neonates and the management of which has always been a challenge to the neonatologists. Early treatment has been advocated as the first-line approach, and drug induced closure is yet the most effective, inexpensive, and convenient method. During the last two decades,indomethacin was often given as conservative treatment, and its closure rate in PDA was approximately 46% ～ 89%. However,indomethacin may increase the number of undesirable or harmful effects including renal damage, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and enterobrosis,etc. Recently,ibuprofen is rapidly emerging as a new promising drug for treatment of PDA in preterm infants with closure rate of 73.0% ～95.5%. It is used as standard therapy to close PDA,and it has less influence on the hemodynamics of kidneys, brain and gastrointestinal tract. The surgery is needed in patients with drug treatment failure and cardio-pulmonary function damage.

Micronutrients are closely associated with the progression of diabetes and its complications. Diabetic patients are susceptible to micronutrient deficiency. In this article, we summarize the preventive and therapeutic effects of micronutrients including zinc, selenium, magnesium, and chromium on diabetes mellitus.

Malignant obstructive jaundice is biliary obstruction caused by malignant tumors.When a patient presents to a doctor,he/she is usually too late to be operated,so endoscopic treatment has gradually replaced surgery in its management.Diagnostic endoscopic methods include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS),and per oral cholangioscopy (POCS),etc.Biliary stent placement at ERCP is the mainstay of endoscopic palliation for jaundice.Other methods include EUS-guided bilioenteric drainage (EGBD),endoscopic radiofrequency ablation,intraluminal brachytherapy of bile duct,endoscopic photodynamic therapy,etc.Magnetic Compression Anastomosis Technique (MCAT) is a new technology which has been developed recently,and its role in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice remains to be seen.Science and technology have brought along progress in endoscopic and consumable technologies.It is predicted that in the future,endoscopic diagnosis and treatment will have more applications.