By different numbers of arteries occlusion among bilateral carotid (bCA) and bilateral vertebral arteries (bVA) of cats, effects of cerebral ischemia on the electrocardiogram, (ECG) was studied After bCA plus unilateral vertebral artery (uVA) and bCA+ bVA occlusion the duration of Q-T was prolonged from its control value of 0.21?0.04s to 0.23?0.08s and 0.25?0.1ls, and heart rate was also reduced from its contrl value of 179?33 beat/min to 173?27 beat/min and 151?39 beat/min (P

Objective To investigate the level of serum homocysteine(Hcy)in common chronic diseases(diabetes,hypertension, hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease)and its clinical application value in the community elderly residents.Methods A retrospec-tive study was conducted on the common chronic disease of 1 605 patients who detected Hcy in our center from January 2015 to Oc-tober 2015.Another 117 healthy subjects served as normal control group.Hcy was detected by cyclic enzymatic method.Results The average level of Hcy in serum of patients with diabetes,hypertension,coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia was higher than that in the health examination group,and the level of Hcy was positively correlated with age(P <0.05).Conclusion The high level of serum Hcy is an important risk factor in common chronic diseases in the community elderly residents,and it should strengthen the examination of Hcy and active intervention to slow down the development of the disease.

Objective To investigate the differences between prenatal and postnatal ultrasound findings in isolated ventricular septal defects.Methods Totally 244 cases of isolated ventricular septal defect were retrospectively analyzed and followed in one year after birth.All fetus were divided into the correct group and the error group according to the postnatal results.The size and type of ventricular septal defect and ventricular shunt were assessed and analyzed statistically.Results In all of the 244 cases,correct group included 181 cases and error group included 63 cases.There was no significant difference in the type of defects between two groups (P=0.061);there were significant differences in the size of postpartum defect and the velocity of ventricular shunt between the two groups (both P＜0.05),and no significant difference of the direction of shunt between two groups (P=0.408);there were significant differences in the size of defects between the prenatal and postnatal in correct groups (P＜0.05),but the direction of shunt had no significant difference (P=0.087).Conclusion There is certain detection rate in prenatal diagnosis of isolated ventricular septal defect;anatomical characteristics of defect may affect antenatal examination results.There was significant difference between prenatal and postnatal ultrasound in the same lesion.

BACKGROUND: As a biochemical marker of cytoplasm, the increased activity of creatine kinase (CK) in human spermatozoa is correlated with both the residual cytoplasma and the ratio of sperm with abnormal func tion. It is a marker of mature sperm and associated with the potential of in semination. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences of CK activity in sperm and the relative contents of sperm CK-MM and CK-BB isoenzymes between normal fertile males and infertile males, and evaluate its significance in clinical diagnosis of male infertility. DESIGN: Case-control observation. SETTING: Laboratory of Biochemistry, Family Planning Research Insti tute of Sichuan Province. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-four male infertile patients between January 1999 and October 2000 were selected from the Department of Family Planning Sciences of Sichuan Province, who had no aspermatism with their wives proved to be fertile. The average age of subjects were 31 years. Eighty subjects with the sperm count ＞ 2×1010 L-1 were taken as normal sperm group and 14 subjects with the sperm counts ＜ 2×1010 L-1 were considered as oligospermia group. Semen obtained from 27 healthy males who were normal in routine examinations and with children was taken as the healthy control group.METHODS: Semen sample collected by masturbation after abstinence of 3 to 5 days was incubated at 37 ℃ for liquefication and routinely analyzed.Total activity of CK in sperm was determined by using a kinetic spectrophotometry and the relative contents of CK isozyme was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis followed by density scanning of CK isozyme.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sperm counts, percentages of viability and motility of sperm, total CK activity and the relative contents of CK-MM and CK-BB isozyme in spermatozoa.RESULTS: A total of 94 enrolled patients and 27 normal controls were involved in the analysis of results. ①Sperm counts, percentage of viability and motility in oligospermia group ( Ⅱ + Ⅲ, WHO method) were obviously lower than those in the healthy control group, and those in the normal sperm group, except the sperm counts, were remarkably lower than the healthy control group [the sperm counts in healthy control group, normal sperm group and oligospermia group was (6.05 ±0.81 )×1010 L-1, (7.76±1.37)×1010 L-1 and (1.46±0.19)×1010 L-1 respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The survival rate in healthy control group, normal sperm group and oligospermia group was 85.1%,56.8% and 58.2%, P ＜ 0.01, and the sperm motility was 62.9% ,34.6% and 29.5% respectively, P ＜ 0.01].②Total activity of sperm CK in oligospermia group was significantly higher than the healthy control group [respectively (9.000±6.117) and (1.933 ±0.943) kat/108 sperm,P＜ 0.05],although that in the normal sperm group (2.800±0.862) kat/108 sperm was a little higher than the healthy control group, while there were no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).③The relative contents of sperm CK-MM isozyme in the normal sperm group and oligospermia group were obviously decreased (that in the healthy control group, normal sperm group and oligospermia group was 30.5%, 19.0% and 18.0% respectively,P ＜ 0.05), which implied a remarkable difference in sperm differentiation between healthy control group and the latter two groups.CONCLUSION: The determination of sperm CK is meaningful for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of oligospermia. More work should be done on the distribution of sperm CK-MM isozyme in different infertile population as well as its importance in the diagnosis of infertility.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of peripheral blood parameters including immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) in monitoring the hematopoietic recovery of patients with acute myeloid leukemia aftcr receiving consolidation chemotherapy with high dose cytarabine (HDAC).Methods The peripheral blood parameters,including absolute neutrophil (ANC) and platelet (Plt) counts as well as IRF,were measured by Sysmex XE-2100 automated hematology analyzer before and after consolidation chemotherapy with HDAC in 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia.These peripheral blood parameters were further statistically analyzed and compared.Results Following consolidation chemotherapy,the median time to recovery for ANC,Plt and IRF was (9.2±2.5) days,(11.3±3.7) days and (5.0±2.6) days,respectively.In comparison with ANC and Plt recovery,IRF showed significantly early recovery (P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,ANC raised preceding Plt recovery (P ＜ 0.05).However,the median recovery time of ANC,Plt and IRF showed little difference among these patients further subgrouped according to FAB and risk based classification (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion IRF is an early indicator for the hematopoietic recovery of patients with acute myeloid leukemia following consolidation chemotherapy with HDAC,which could provide important clinical information to evaluate therapeutic efficacy.

A new mathematical equation characterizing the compression of pharmaceutical materials is presented. This equation presumed that the rate of change of the compressible volume of powder with respect to the pressure is proportional to the compressible volume. The new model provided a good fit to several model substances employing non-linear regression techniques. The validity of the model had been verified with experimental results of various pharmaceutical powders according to the Akaikes informatics criterion (AIC) and the sum of squared deviations (SS). The parameter of the new model might reflect quantitatively the fundamental compression behaviors of the powders. It had demonstrated that the proposed model could well predict the compaction characteristics of solid particles like the Kawakita model.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and the mechanism of different dose hepatitis B immunoglohulin(HBIG)on prevention of HBV intrauterine infection and HBV S gene mutation. Methods HBV carrier mothers were randomly divided into three groups.Eighty-one HBsAg carrier pregnant women were divided into HBIG A group.HBIG B group and control group.Each subject in the HBIG A group received 200 U or 400 U(for HBsAg and HBeAg double positive carrier)intra muscularly at 3,2,1 month before delivery.Each subject in the HBIG B group received 200 U intra muscularly at 3,2,1 month before delivery.The subjects in the control group did not receive any treatment.Maternal blood samples were taken before HBIG injection and at delivery.Neonatal blood samples of all newborn infants after birth were taken before immunopropbylaxis.Their sera were ob tained to test HBV markers by enzyme immunoassay(EIA)and HBV DNA by fluorescence quantita- tive polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR),then to amplify and sequence HBV S gene region.Results The rate of HBV intrauterine infection in the HBIG group(14.5%)was lower than that in the control group(35.7%)(X~2=4.896,P=0.027).The rate of HBV intrauterine infection of newborns from HBsAg and HBeAg double positive carrier mother in the HBIG A group(37.5%)were lower than control group(100.0%)(X~2=7.273,P=0.007),while the rate was no different in the HBIG B group(71.5%)and the control group(X~2=2.637,P=0.104).Maternal HBsAg titer and HBV DNA level were of no difference among three groups before HBIG injection.Maternal HBsAg titers and HBV DNA levels of the HBIG A group were lower than those of the HBIG B group and the con- trol group at delivery.Among the 26 neonatal serum samples in the HBIG A group,10(38.5%)were positive for anti-HBs,while in the HBIG B group and in the control group,no neonatal serum sam- ples was positive.There was no significant difference of nucleotide and amino acid changes in the S gene between the HBIG group and the control group.Conclusions HBV infection in the uterus may be interrupted by injection HBIG intramuscularly before delivery.More efficacy would be found using variable HBIG dose according to different HBV virema and must be once more again injected just he- fore one week of delivery;anti-HBs transported to the fetus via the placenta and it's may be the im- portant mechanism of HBIG prevention.Asymptomatic HBsAg carrier mother received injections of HBIG before delivery should not influence HBV S gene mutation.Gene mutation of HBV is not the main factor in intrauterine transmission of HBV.

Objective The aim of the study is to approach the clinical significance of the change of ST segments after di- rect percutaneous transcoronary angioplasty(PTCA) combined with Lipo-PGE_1 in treating Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).Methods The change of the ST segments on EKG of 76 patients with AMI are observed in 30 minutes after un- derwent direct PICA combined with Lipo-PGE_1,and the relations are analyzed that are prospectively to their therapy effect,the degree of injured cardiac muscle,the cardial functions,and the prognosis.Results The patients who treated with the PCTA combined with Lipo-PGE_1 ST segments on EKG 30 minutes after operations reduced significantly,cardiac muscle is injured lowly,their cardial functions are better.Conclusion The change of ST segments after direct percutane- ous transcoronary angioplasty (PTCA) combined with Lipo-PGE_1 in treating acute myocardial infarction is one of the guide line to estimate the perfnsion of cardiac muscle,and to estimate prognosis farther.

Object To show that ELSD is an excellent detector for the detection of chemical compounds devoid of chromophore, such as sarsasapogenin Methods Sarsasapogenin in crude Anemar rhena asphodeloides Bunge and its preparation was determinated by RP HPLC ELSD Results The well separated chromatographic peaks show linearity with recovery of the added sample of 100 5% in crude medicinal material and 91 38% in its preparation, r= 0 999 0 Conclusion The method was advanced, reliable, simple and can be used for quality control of crude A asphodeloides and its preparations

Object To study the chemical constituents of cytotoxicity portion in the bark of Reevesia longipetiolata Merr et Chun Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods, such as gel column chromatography under normal pressure and increased pressure, Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography and HPLC, and the structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis Results Five compounds were obtained in the ethyl acetate fractions and identified as ? sitosterol (Ⅰ), daucosterol (Ⅱ), betulinic acid (Ⅲ), lupeol (Ⅳ) and (+) catechin (Ⅴ) Conclusion All above compounds are obtained from the plants of Reevesia Lindl for the first time, and their cytotoxicity is discussed