This paper was aimed to summarize the concept of fuzzy mathematics inZhang Zhongjing’s Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, in order to refine the accurate dialectical thinking ofZhang Zhongjing in aspects of the theory, method, prescription and medicine for the discussion of precision treatments byZhang Zhongjing. It was aimed to find a breakthrough point from evidence-based medicine (EBM) to precision medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It also illustrated TCM by scientific theories. It provided evidences for the inheritance and promotion of TCM as well as methodological references for TCM research.

Our clinical teaching quality evaluation system is based on the information from experts,students,departments deans,and fellows.Emphasis on dynamic state evaluation,random evaluation,and comprehensive evaluation are characteristics of this system.Through one year practice,our clinical teaching quality evaluation system has good effects on improving teaching quality.

Objective To grasp the development of private hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from a macro level;To provide reference for stakeholders by analyzing the underlying database of TCM private hospitals. Methods By analyzing the TCM database of hospital health agency annual statement from“National Health Statistical Investigation System”, current status of TCM private hospitals were analyzed from the aspects of organization, personnel, beds, number of service, and patient burden. The developing level of TCM was reflected by comparison with public hospitals. Results By the end of 2013, there were 938 TCM private hospitals, accounting for about 26.13% of TCM hospitals. Average annual growth rate of beds, health technicians, outpatient visits, and discharged patients exceeded 10%, while the hospital degree, bed utilization ratio, physician burden, and average length of stay for discharge patients were only 70%of TCM public hospitals. Conclusion TCM private hospitals have achieved rapid development in the number of these indicators, but the service efficiency, scale and level are still far behind TCM public hospitals.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis, distribution of the pathogens and resistance pattern of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with diseases of central nervous system(CNS).Methods Bacterial typing was conducted on the 59 strains separated from the sputum of 59 patients of nosocomial pneumonia with CNS diseases in our hospital in 2002.MIC drug sensitive test in vitro was conducted with the most common 15 antibiotics.Results The most common pathogens of nosocomial pneumonia in the diseases of CNS were:Staphylococcus aureus 23.7%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22.0%,Acinetobacter baumannii 18.6%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 8.5% Xanthomonas maltophilia 6.8%?According to the drug sensitive test,antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacilli were increasing.None of the vancomycin-resistant MRSA variant was seen.Conclusion The risk factors of nosocomial pneumonia in the diseases of CNS are long hospital stay,respiratory tract invasive operation and unreasonable antibiotic therapy.The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Xanthomonas maltophilia.Effective and infection-control procedures,surveillance systems and appropriate antimicrobial selection are key methods in limiting nosocomial pneumonia and antimicrobial-resistant pathogen occurrence.

Objective To identify routine forensic samples by genotyping method for HLA - A locus. Method A two - step PCR - SSP method was established. The first step is amplification with a pair of primers specific for all HLA - A alleles, the second step is amplification with primers specific for HLA - A30, A31, A33 respectively, using the first step amplification product as template. Secondly amplified PCR products were genotyped by electro-phoresis. Results 100 blood stains with a serological typing result of HLA - A30, A31 and A33 were tested with this method. The discrepancy rate between serological and genetic typing was 29%. Seminal stains, salivary stains reserved for 2 years and blood stains reserved for 18 years in room temperature gave satisfactory results. Conclusions It is better to replace serological typing by genetic typing. A two - step PCR - SSP genotyping method can be applied to forensic samples.

Objective To evaluate the short term and long term outcomes of primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for acute anterior wall myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated with pump failure Methods 28 patients admitted within 12 hours after the onset of AMI and complicated with heart failure underwent primary PTCA and stent implantation The short term and long term therapeutic effects were observed Results The infarct related coronary arteries (IRCA) of the 28 patients were all LADs with occlusions at the proximal or beginning segment and TIMI flow was 0 Ⅰ Single vessel disease was showed in 15 patients,double vessel disease in 9 and triple vessel disease in 4 The immediate procedural success rate was 100% with TIMI flow Ⅲ in all IRCAs One patient without stent implantation had a recurrent chest pain 2 days after procedure and died of acute pulmonary edema During 1～36 month follow up of the 27 survivors, no death occured and the average LVEF was showed 59 8?6 5% by echocardiography Conclusion Primary PTCA for AMI complicated with pump failure was safe and effective to improve the short term and long term outcomes

Objective To study the validation of fluorescent multiplex microsatellite amplification technique for use in the caseworks of umbilical blood cell transplantation monitor. Methods Six post-transplant recipients of umbilical cord blood cell transplantation were monitored by analyzing microsatellite DNA loci. DNA samples were amplified using a fluorescent labeling primers multiplex amplification system of 15 microsatellites markers, followed by typing on a DNA automated sequencer. Recipients' or donors' microsatellites DNA profiles were compared before and after transplantation. Results All recipients and donors exhibited different DNA profiles. Without reference samples of pre-transplant or donors, the changes of the 15 microsetellites genotypes of the post-transplant recipients still could be analyzed. The recipient type turned to donor type was observed over time. Conclusion Under the condition of using multiplex amplification of the 15 microsatellites to monitor the umbilical blood cell transplantation, reference sample of pre-transplant or donor did not need to be detected simultaneously.

As a widely used teaching model in higher medical education,problem-based learning is regard as one of the direction of education revolution in our country.Based on the PBL teaching practice in the second clinical medical college of Guangzhou university of traditional Chinese medicine,the article summarized determination of teaching content,compiling of teaching plan,methods of teaching process and teaching evaluation as well as analyzed some key questions in practicing PBL teaching in seven-year program clinical curriculum.

Objective: To study the antimicrobial effectiveness against traditional She medicine-Gardeniae Radix and determine the titer of Gardeniae Radix.Methods: The antibacterial activity of five standard strains(Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger)was investigated.A method for the biological value evaluation of Gardeniae Radix was established by using a turbidity method, and compared with the content of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa determined by HPLC.Results: The sensitivity of Gardeniae Radix to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was high.The recovery of the turbidity method was within the range of 90%-110%, and the reliability limit rate was less than 5%.The content of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa in Gardeniae Radix was not completely consistent with the result of the bioassay method.Conclusion: The bioassay method established in the experiment can be one of the methods for the quality evaluation of Gardeniae Radix.