Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney Neoplasms ; therapy ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Wilms Tumor ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of combined radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with RFA alone for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies that compared the clinical or oncologic outcomes of combination therapy of TACE and RFA versus RFA for the treatment of HCC were identified through literature searches of electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Google Scholar). Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were combined as the effective value to assess the summary effects. The strength of evidence was rated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. RESULTS: Six RCTs with 534 patients were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the combination of TACE and RFA is associated with a significantly longer overall survival (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.49-0.78, p < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40-0.76, p < 0.001) in contrast with RFA monotherapy. The seemingly higher incidence of major complications in the combination group compared with RFA group did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.39-3.55, p = 0.78). CONCLUSION: In patients with HCC, the combination of TACE and RFA is associated with significantly higher overall survival and recurrence-free survival, as compared with RFA monotherapy, without significant difference in major complications.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*surgery ; Catheter Ablation/adverse effects/*methods ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects/*methods ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*surgery ; Odds Ratio ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a major treatment modality for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), acute hepatic failure after TACE is not rare. However, reports dealing with this important complication are not good enough and results are often variable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and associated risk factors of acute hepatic failure after TACE. METHODS: From January 2001 to November 2004, six hundred and thirtytwo TACE sessions were performed in 377 patients (294 men and 83 women). Adriamycin mixed lipiodol solution and gelfoam were used for TACE. Various clinical and radiological factors before and after the procedure were reviewed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of acute hepatic failure after TACE. RESULTS: Acute hepatic failure occurred in 76 (12.0%) of the 632 TACE sessions within 14 days. Univariate analysis revealed that Child-Pugh class, 1st TACE, total bilirubin level, number of involved segments, total size of tumor, presence of right portal vein thrombosis (PVT) or main PVT, involvement of segment 1, 5, 6, 7, modified UICC stage, and doses of chemotherapeutic agent were significantly different between the patients with or without hepatic failure after TACE. Among them, elevated total bilirubin (p=0.001, E (beta)=1.449), presence of right (p=0.035, E (beta)=2.109) or main (p=0.011, E (beta)=4.067) PVT were independently associated factors in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of acute hepatic failure after TACE was 12.0%. Elevated bilirubin level and portal vein thrombosis could be considered as the predictive factors for acute hepatic failure after TACE in HCC patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications/pathology/*therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects/methods ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iodized Oil/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Liver Failure, Acute/epidemiology/*etiology ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver Neoplasms/complications/pathology/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug-eluding beads transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) in treatment of unrecectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The clinical data of 42 consecutive HCC patients undergoing TACE were retrospectively analyzed, including 20 cases received conventional TACE (cTACE group) and 22 cases received TACE with epirubicine-loaded microspheres (CalliSpheres) (DEB-TACE group). MRI scans were performed 1 week before and 1, 3 and 6 months after initial therapy. The response to treatment, disease recurrence, complications and adverse effects were documented and compared between two groups.There were no significant differences in 1-month, 3-month and 6-month objective response rate (CR+PR) and disease control rate (CR+PR+SD), disease recurrence, complications and adverse effects of interventional therapy between cTACE group and DEB-TACE group. Additionally, there were no significant differences about locoregional biliary injuries, intrahepatic biloma, and newly detected intra- or extrahepatic HCC on MRI between cTACE group and DEB-TACE group.There were no statistically significant differences between cTACE group and DEB-TACE group with regard to the short-term response, disease recurrence, complications and side effects. Hepatic-locoregional complications may be more frequent in DEB-TACE group than those in cTACE group.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Comparative Effectiveness Research ; Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; methods ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microspheres ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and analyze the prognostic factors of sorafenib treatment in patient with unresectable primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSDuring the period from December 2005 to March 2009, 50 patients with unresectable primary HCC of Child-Pugh status A were treated with sorafenib (400 mg, Bid). The tumor response was evaluated with CT or MRI imaging every 6 - 8 weeks according to the RECIST criteria. The overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were defined as the time from administration of sorafenib to the death or the last follow up and were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTSThere was no PR or CR, but 28 patients (56.0%) achieved stable disease. The median follow up time was 15 months with a median OS of 14 months and median TTP of 4 months. The common adverse events were dermal reaction (68.0%, 34/50), diarrhea (52.0%, 26/50), hypertension (4.0%, 2/50), hair loss (14.0%, 7/50), myelosuppression (16.0%, 8/50), and liver dysfunction (20.0%, 10/50). However, most of the drug-related adverse events were grade I-II and reversible. The patients with lower tumor burden and without distant metastasis had better prognosis.

CONCLUSIONSoafenib is effective for unresectable primary HCC with tolerable toxicity. Tumor stage is a predominant prognostic factor.

Adult ; Aged ; Alopecia ; chemically induced ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzenesulfonates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Disease Progression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; chemically induced ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Pyridines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Skin Diseases ; chemically induced ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and sorafenib in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with lung metastasis.

METHODSThirty HCC patients with lung metastasis were treated by the combination of TACE and sorafenib between Oct 2006 and May 2008, including 27 men and 3 women. The age of the patients ranged 32 to 73 years old. Sorafenib was administrated orally at 400 mg, twice daily (the less tolerant patients received 200 mg, bid.), if there was no counterindication, at 3 - 4 weeks after TACE, with every 4 weeks as a course of treatment. The efficacy was evaluated at the end of every course of treatment.

RESULTSThe metastatic lesions in the lung were diminished in 6 cases and stable diseases achieved in 8 cases. The primary liver tumors were stable in 22 cases, including 10 cases achieved by TACE before sorafenib treatment. Eight cases had slightly progressed liver tumors and were treated with 1 - 3 times of TACE in combination with sorafenib. Side effects included skin lesions in 7 cases, hair loss in 6 cases, fatigue in 18 cases, diarrhea in 6 cases, anemia and bone marrow suppression in 5 cases, high blood pressure in 2 cases, and gastrointestinal bleeding in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of TACE and sorafenib can be used as an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with lung metastasis, which may stabilize the disease in some patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzenesulfonates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; secondary ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Fatigue ; chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; therapy ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Pyridines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo explore the surgical risk, perioperative outcome and the response of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).

METHODSA retrospective case-matched study was conducted to compare the characteristics and corresponding measures of patients in the preoperative TACE group and the control group without TACE. A total of 105 patients (82 patients with selective and dynamic region-specific vascular occlusion to perform hepatectomy for patients with complex hepatocellular carcinoma) was included in this study, in which 35 patients underwent TACE therapy, and a 1:2 matched control group of 70 subjects.

RESULTSThe patients of preoperative TACE therapy group had a higher level of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase before operation (119.52±98.83) U/L vs. (67.39±61.25) U/L (P=0.040). The operation time was longer in the TACE group than that in the control group but with a non-significant difference (232.60±95.43) min vs. (218.70±75.13) min (P=0.052). The postoperative recovery of liver function and severe complications in the preoperative TACE group were similar to that in the control group (P>0.05). There were no massive hemorrhage, biliary fistula and 30-d death neither in the treatment group and matched control group.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative TACE therapy has certain negative effect on liver function. It is preferable to use selective and dynamic region-specific vascular occlusion technique during hepatectomy and combine with reasonable perioperative treatment for this group of patients, that can ensure safety of patients and promote their rapid recovery.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood supply ; therapy ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; therapy ; Operative Time ; Preoperative Period ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cause and treatment as well as prevention measures of rarely occurring severe complications after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for primary hepatic carcinoma.

METHODS573 consecutive patients with primary hepatic carcinoma underwent a total of 1252 TACE procedures from January 2005 to July 2007. All the patients who developed complications after TACE received imaging and biochemical examinations. The cause, treatment and preventive measures of the complications in the 573 cases were analyzed.

RESULTSThere were upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 3 cases, hepatic failure in 4, pulmonary embolism in 1, cholecystitis in 4, hepatic encephalopathy in 2, gastric perforation in 1, and intrahepatic biloma in 2 cases. Two patients died of the complications: 1 of hepatic failure and 1 of gastric perforation.

CONCLUSIONThe rarely occurring severe complications after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for primary hepatic carcinoma is correlated with poor hepatic function and portal hypertension before therapy, overdose and reflux of chemotherapeutic agents or allotopic chemoembolism, etc. It can be reduced or prevented through careful selection of proper cases before the treatment, close observation, and protection of hepatic function and gastric mucosa after treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; etiology ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Liver Failure ; etiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with beta-ultrasound guided portal vein embolization (PVE) through fine-needle liver puncture for hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODS209 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma were divided into TACE group (104 patients) and TACE + PVE group (105 patients).

RESULTSThe response rates (CR + PR) were 37.5% in TACE group and 57.2% in TACE + PVE group (P < 0.01). Tumor thrombi became lessened or resolved in the portal vein with incidences of 22.2% in TACE group and 68.8% in TACE + PVE group (P < 0.01). The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 65.1%, 36.3% and 20.5% in TACE group and 95.6%, 59.6% and 39.1% in TACE + PVE group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect of TACE combined with PVE is much more effective than TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma. Beta-ultrasound guided portal vein embolization through fine-needle liver puncture is effective, easy, safe and should be widely practiced.

Adult ; Aged ; Arteries ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Catheterization ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; Treatment Outcome ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify the prognostic factors associated with patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty two patients who underwent TACE for infiltrative HCC were evaluated between 2007 and 2010. The maximum diameter of the tumors ranged from 7 cm to 22 cm (median 15 cm). Of 46 infiltrative HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis, 32 patients received adjuvant radiation therapy for portal vein tumor thrombosis after TACE. RESULTS: The tumor response by European Association for the Study of the Liver criteria was partial in 18%, stable in 47%, and progressive in 35% of the patients. The median survival time was 5.7 months (Kaplan-Meier analysis). The survival rates were 48% at six months, 25% at one year, and 12% at two years. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, Child-Pugh class (p = 0.02), adjuvant radiotherapy (p = 0.003) and tumor response after TACE (p = 0.004) were significant factors associated with patient survival. Major complications occurred in nine patients. The major complication rate was significantly higher in patients with Child-Pugh B than in patients with Child-Pugh A (p = 0.049, chi2 test). CONCLUSION: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization can be a safe treatment option in infiltrative HCC patients with Child Pugh class A. Child Pugh class A, radiotherapy for portal vein tumor thrombosis after TACE and tumor response are good prognostic factors for an increased survival after TACE in patients with infiltrative HCCs.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality/pathology/*therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects/methods/mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Liver Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; Venous Thrombosis/etiology