The investigation was performed on employees and workers who contact with chemicals at 9 institutions using various substances in the process of production of paint, rubber, shoe and wood articles in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Da Nang. Results showed that the current regulations were not complied preserve and use of chemical substance, without emergency equipments available for working staff and environment. A high rate of workers had not been educate on chemical safety and a high rate of work place and facilities had not guideline for using chemical substances.
Chemistry/manpower ; Paint ; Rubber ; Shoes ; Wood

The teaching status of Molecular Pharmacognosy in 28 institutions in China was investigated by questionnaire and the survey data was analyzed by SPSS. Research contents included course beginning years, majors, class hours, characteristics of the course, teaching ways, the theory and practice contents, evaluation modes, selection of teaching material, teaching achievements, teachers and so on for undergraduates and graduates. Research results showed that with 20 years' development, Molecular Pharmacognosy had been offered for both undergraduate and graduate students in at least 20 colleges and universities and Molecular Pharmacognosy education in China showed good development momentum. At the same time, to promote the development of Molecular Pharmacognosy further, investment for it should be increased and practical teaching condition should be improved.
China ; Humans ; Molecular Biology ; education ; manpower ; methods ; trends ; Pharmacognosy ; education ; manpower ; methods ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; genetics ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; manpower ; methods ; trends

With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the effect of Chinese medicine in treatment and health care is more and more prominent. The herbal decoction pieces are the important part of Chinese medicine,it can be applied directly to clinical treatment and it's also the raw material of Chinese patent medicine. Therefore, the quality of herbal decoction pieces is quite important. The parts of the production of herbal decoction pieces are numerous, and there are possibilities of adverse effects on the quality of the herbal decoction pieces in every part. In this paper, we based on the production chain of herbal decoction pieces, analyzed the main problem that affect the quality of herbal decoction pieces in the part of selection of Chinese herbal medicines, planting, purchasing, processing, packaging, storage and transport, such as the poor quality of seed and seedlings of plant-based Chinese medicines, some plants left their place of origin and have been introduced in the place that is not suitable for this kind of plant, the insufficient growth time and the excessive harmful substances. The purchasers and the accepters lack of professional knowledge and professional ethics. The mechanism of processing is not clear, the standards can not be uniformed, and lack of qualified person in processing, etc. So we suggest: intensify the basic research of key scientific issues. Improve the quality of persons who work in herbal decoction pieces; Establish an "integration" mode of operation in herbal decoction pieces enterprise; Breeding high quality plant resources, establish the large-scale planting basement; Make the packing of herbal decoction pieces standard; Establish the modernization traditional Chinese medicine logistics enterprise.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Packaging ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Storage ; economics ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Quality Control

With related global patent data as analysis samples, worldwide patent overview of Ginkgo biloba preparation is analyzed in application, applicant, technical distribution and so on. This research shows that the most important areas of G. biloba preparation are Europe and China. The European applicants start earliest along with developing smoothly, moreover, their patents have best quality. The Chinese applicants start late along with the fastest growing, and have already certain research capabilities, moreover, their patents' quality needs to be improved. This research result provides reference for development of G. biloba preparation. The author suggest that Chinese applicants learn techniques and layout experiences of other's patents fully to enhance the level of new drug development and patent protection.
Biological Products ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; legislation & jurisprudence ; manpower ; methods ; organization & administration ; China ; Europe ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Patents as Topic ; legislation & jurisprudence

The aim of this study is to identify the present status of the scientific and technological personnel in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resource science. Based on the data from Chinese scientific research paper, an investigation regarding the number of the personnel, the distribution, their output of paper, their scientific research teams, high-yield authors and high-cited authors was conducted. The study covers seven subfields of traditional Chinese medicine identification, quality standard, Chinese medicine cultivation, harvest processing of TCM, market development and resource protection and resource management, as well as 82 widely used Chinese medicine species, such as Ginseng and Radix Astragali. One hundred and fifteen domain authority experts were selected based on the data of high-yield authors and high-cited authors. The database system platform "Skilled Scientific and Technological Personnel in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource Science-Chinese papers" was established. This platform successfully provided the retrieval result of the personnel, output of paper, and their core research team by input the study field, year, and Chinese medicine species. The investigation provides basic data of scientific and technological personnel in the field of traditional Chinese medicine resource science for administrative agencies and also evidence for the selection of scientific and technological personnel and construction of scientific research teams.
Bibliography of Medicine ; Biomedical Research ; manpower ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Laboratory Personnel ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development

According to the process of the technical specification (TS) design for the fourth national survey of the Chinese materia medica resources (CMMR), we analyzed the assignment and objectives of the national survey and pointed out that the differences about CMMR management around China, the distribution of CMMR and their habitat, the economic and technological level, and even enthusiasm and initiative of the staff, etc. are the most difficult points for TS design. And we adopt the principle of combination of the mandatory and flexibility in TS design. We fixed the key points which would affect the quality of national survey first, then proposed the framework of TS which including 3 parts of organization and 11 parts of technique itself. The framework will serve and lead the TS preparation, which will not only provide an action standard to the national survey but will also have a profound influence to the popularization and application of the survey technology of CMMR. [Key words]
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; legislation & jurisprudence ; manpower ; methods ; standards ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Data Collection ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Materia Medica ; chemistry ; standards ; Quality Control

Patent network of Chinese patent medicines is a patent group composed of several correlated patents around basic patents or core technologies characterized by traditional Chinese medicine technologies. With the clue of Tianjin Tasly Group's acquisition of seven compound Danshen patents characterized by extract feeds of Beijing Cairui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., we made an analysis on how Tasly builds a patent network themed on compound Danshen preparation products characterized by extract feeds, in hope of providing reference for other Chinese pharmaceutical enterprise to establish and improve key patent networks of traditional Chinese medicines.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; legislation & jurisprudence ; manpower ; methods ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Patents as Topic ; Phenanthrolines ; analysis ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in the discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2012 have been introduced. The research contents of the funded projects in the popular research areas have been summarized and the problems in the applications have been analyzed to give a reference to the scientists in the field of Chinese materia medica.
China ; Financing, Organized ; organization & administration ; Humans ; Laboratory Personnel ; economics ; Materia Medica ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; Natural Science Disciplines ; economics ; manpower ; organization & administration

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of BPDE-albumin adducts as monitoring biomarkers for coke oven workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to explore possible relationship between BPDE-albumin adducts and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) levels in them.

METHODSThirty-seven coke oven workers from a coke plant and 47 controls without the occupational exposure to PAHs were recruited in this study. The levels of plasma BPDE-albumin adducts and urinary 1-OHP were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTSThe median levels of BPDE-albumin adducts (42.10 fmol/mg albumin) and urinary 1-OHP (5.46 micromol/mol creatinine) were significantly higher in coke oven workers than in controls (14.16 fmol/mg albumin, 2.96 micromol/mol creatinine, respectively; P<0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that coke oven workers were at higher risk of having BPDE-albumin adduct levels above 25.30 micromol/mg albumin (OR=1.79, P<0.01) and urinary 1-OHP levels above 4.13 micromol/mol creatinine (OR=2.45, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the levels of BPDE-albumin adducts and urinary 1-OHP in all subjects (rs=0.349, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBPDE-albumin adduct is a useful biomarker for monitoring long-term exposure to PAHs, and plasma BPDE-albumin adducts level is significantly correlated to urinary 1-OHP levels in coke oven workers.

7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide ; analysis ; Adult ; Coal Mining ; manpower ; Coke ; adverse effects ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Male ; Mutagens ; analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; Plasma ; chemistry ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Pyrenes ; analysis ; Serum Albumin ; analysis ; Urinalysis ; Urine ; chemistry