Cheek ; pathology ; Head ; pathology ; Humans ; Keratosis ; diagnosis

Cheek ; pathology ; Choristoma ; Humans ; Salivary Ducts

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumour of the salivary gland. While the majority arises from the parotid gland, only a small percentage arises from the minor salivary glands. The cheek, however, is a rarely affected site with respect to pleomorphic adenomas of the minor salivary glands. Herein, we report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek, which presented with intraoral swelling, and conclude that complete surgical excision can be a curative treatment for this benign tumour.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; pathology ; Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Cheek ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; pathology ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; pathology

This is a case report of salivary gland tumors developed at buccal fat pad and masseteric area which are considered rare and characterized by asymptomatic mid-cheek mass. Three cases were diagnosed as accessory parotid gland tumor and the other 3 cases as minor salivary gland tumor with tissue pathology. Accessory parotid gland lies 6 mm anterior to the main parotid gland and accessory parotid gland tumors represent 1% of all parotid tumor. It can be managed solely by resection of the accessory parotid gland without superficial or total parotidectomy. Minor salivary gland tumors represent 10-20% of all salivary gland tumor and are usually found on the palate, paranasal sinuses and cheek. Buccal minor salivary gland tumors are usually found incidentally as submucosal mass at buccal mucosa and managed by wide excision including 1-2 cm free margin through intra-oral approach. This paper reviews our experience with these unusual tumors in terms of clinical manifestation, radiologic findings and the acceptable surgical management.
Adipose Tissue ; Cheek ; Mouth Mucosa ; Palate ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Parotid Gland ; Pathology ; Salivary Glands* ; Salivary Glands, Minor

Orocutaneous fistulas, or cutaneous sinuses of odontogenic origin, are uncommon but often misdiagnosed as skin lesions unrelated to dental origin by physicians. Accurate diagnosis and use of correct investigative modalities are important because orocutaneous fistulas are easily confused for skin or bone tumors, osteomyelitis, infected cysts, salivary gland fistulas, and other pathologies. The aim of this study is to present our experience with a patient with orocutaneous fistulas of odontogenic origin presenting as recurrent pyogenic granuloma of the cheek, and to discuss their successful treatment.
Cheek ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Diagnosis ; Fistula ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Humans ; Osteomyelitis ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Salivary Gland Fistula ; Skin

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in a hamster model bearing cheek pouch carcinoma after heavy ion beams irradiation.

METHODSThe serum levels of IL-2 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay in 40 hamsters bearing cheek pouch carcinoma before and after exposure to heavy ion beam irradiation, with 8 normal animals as control.

RESULTSSerum IL-2 level was 0.16∓0.01 in the tumor-bearing hamsters before the irradiation, lower than that in the control group. After heavy ion beams irradiation at 4, 6, 8, and 12 Gy, serum IL-2 levels in the tumor-bearing hamsters were 0.18∓0.04, 0.22∓0.05, 0.15∓0.03, and 0.13∓0.04, respectively, showing a peak level after irradiation at 6 Gy and an obvious decrease following irradiation at greater doses.

CONCLUSIONHeavy ion beam irradiation causes alterations in serum IL-2 level with a dose-effect relation between them in hamsters bearing cheek pouch carcinoma.

Animals ; Cheek ; pathology ; Cricetinae ; Female ; Heavy Ions ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Mouth Neoplasms ; blood ; radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: Jeju Island is geographically and socioeconomically distinct from the mainland of South Korea. Thus, the presentation and management of non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSC) of the head and neck may differ from those in other regions of the country. We compared the clinical characteristics and treatment modalities of NMSC on Jeju Island with the findings of similar regional studies. METHODS: Patient data, including age, sex, diagnosis, tumor site, treatment, and recurrence, were obtained from the medical and pathology records of patients diagnosed with NMSC between January 2010 and June 2015. RESULTS: In total, 190 patients (57 men) with a mean age of 75 years (range, 42–97) were assessed. Overall, 203 NMSCs were diagnosed, including 123 basal cell carcinomas and 80 squamous cell carcinomas. The tumor sites included the nose, cheeks, periorbital area, and lips (n=55, 54, 25, and 20, respectively). We identified 92 T1-stage and 60 T2-stage tumors, and 120 cases were treated with wide surgical resection and 17 cases were treated with radiation therapy at the medical center. Of the 120 cases treated surgically, 69 required reconstructive surgery using a local skin flap, 22 required full-thickness skin grafting, and 12 underwent primary closure. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas recurred in 2 and 1 cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the reports from other regions, the average patient age was 10 years higher, with a marked female preponderance. While the proportion of squamous cell carcinoma was higher than in other regions, the tumor distribution and surgical management profiles were similar.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheek ; Clinical Study* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Head* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lip ; Neck* ; Nose ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin Transplantation ; Skin*

OBJECTIVETo summary the application of the extended free lateral arm flaps for buccal soft tissue reconstruction after buccal cancer.

METHODSFrom January to August 2011, three patients underwent the operation of buccal defect reconstruction using the extended free lateral arm flap in one-stage. PRCA was identification with the Doppler probe. According to the mark of PRCA, size and shape of defects, the flaps were designed and extended to the lateral epicondyle of humerus. The flap size ranged from 9 cm x 5 cm to 10 cm x 6 cm with a pedicle of 10 cm in length. The wounds at donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSVascular crisis happened in one case due to local negative pressure, which resolved after emergency management. All the flaps survived completely. The patients were followed up for 6 to 10 months with no recurrence. Both the esthetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two cases suffered from numb feeling in donor sites which alleviated six months later.

CONCLUSIONSThe extended free lateral arm flap has reliable blood supply with appropriate thickness. It is an optional method for reconstruction of buccal defects after ablation of buccal cancer.

Aged ; Arm ; surgery ; Cheek ; surgery ; Facial Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo determine the correlation between methylation of p16 gene in promoter region and the carcinogenesis and progression of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of buccal mucosa.

METHODSMethylation of pl6 gene in SCC and leukoplakia of buccal mucosa was investigated by MSP and pl6 protein was analyzed by Western blot.

RESULTSThe methylation of p16 gene was found in 15 of 30 cases SCC and 1 of 10 cases of leukoplakia of buccal mucosa (P < 0.05). Methylation of p16 gene in SCC of buccal mucosa was not related with age, sex, cell differentiation and clinical stage. But methylation of p16 in the cases with lymph node-metastasis was higher than that in the cases without lymph node-metastasis protein (P < 0.05). Meanwhile Methylation of p16 gene was positively correlated with no-expression of p16 protein (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe methylation of p16 gene leaded to the inactivation of p16 gene and was related with the carcinogenesis and progress of SCC of buccal mucosa.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cheek ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Leukoplakia, Oral ; embryology ; genetics ; pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the reconstruction of wide vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle defect with satisfactory outcome of aesthetics, sensation, and function.

METHODSThe buccal musculomucosal flap based on the anterior buccal branches of the facial artery was used to reconstruct wide defect of vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle on upper or lower lip.

RESULTS7 patients were treated. 5 cases had no postoperative complication. Partial mucosal necrosis on the tip of the flaps happened in 2 cases, but the underlying muscle survived and was re-mucosalized spontaneously. No other complication was observed. The sensation of cold, heat and touch could be detected on the first postoperative day. Electromyographic and electron microscopic studies confirmed innervation of the muscle in the flap.

CONCLUSIONSThe buccal musculomucosal flap is a reliable reconstruction option for wide defect of vermilion and orbicularis oris muscle which can' t be reconstructed with conventional method. Satisfactory aesthetic and functional results can be achieved with the buccal musculomucosal flap.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek ; Facial Muscles ; pathology ; transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lip ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult