By using Siregnost FD 91 body plethysmograph. we measured thoracic gas volume (TGVe) at end of expiration in 19 healthy subjects aged 20-43 years in order to compare with functional residual capacity (FRC) measured by closed circuit method. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Mean values of TGVe and FRC were 3.395+/-0.585 liter, and 3.398+/-0.618 liter, respectively. 2. A advantage of the body physthysmographic method for measuring thoracic gas volume was that it were rapid, safe. and easy to perform, requires no gas sample for chemical analysis, and measured TGVe several times.
Functional Residual Capacity*

In order to study the exposure level of silica dust and the effects of silica dust on ventilatory function, respirable dust samples were collected by personal air samplers using NIOSH method 0500 from the selected foundry operations, and ventilatory function tests were performed on 209 male foundry workers and 239 male control subjects. Ventilatory indices such as forced vital capacity (FVC) , one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), ratio of FEV1 to FVC(FEV1 %), maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and maximal expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75 % of expired FVC (FEF25, FEF50, FEF75 were obtained by analyzing forced expiratory spirogram and maximal expiratory flow-volume curve which were simultaneously measured by Vitalography in standing position. The results were as follows : 1. The average quartz concentrations of respirable dust were the highest in melting operation (0.079 mg/m3) and followed by molding operation (0.051 mg/m3), finishing operation (0.041 mg/m3) and coremaking operation (0.023 mg/m3) in the descending order. 2. No significant differences for mean values of all ventilatory indices expressed as percent of predicted value were demonstrated between smokers and nonsmokers In foundry workers and control subjects. 3. Mean values of all ventilatory indices except FVC of foundry workers were significantly lower than those of control subjects. 4. Mean values of FEV1 %, MMF, FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 expressed as percent of predicted value tended to decrease with increasing cumulative dust exposure. 5. In foundry workers, proportions of workers with low MMF, FEF50 and FEF75 were markedly higher than those with other indices, and were significantly increased with increasing cumulative dust exposure. 6. In foundry workers, 2 workers(1.0 %) were diagnosed as silicosis and the profusion of radiographic opacities were category 1/0 and q type. With the above considerations in mind, it suggested that increasing exposure of silica dust be associated with progressive deterioration in ventilatory function of an obstructive nature and that MMF, FEF50 and FEF75 be more sensitive indices in the detection of the early obstructive changes of air flow of workers exposed to silica dust.
Dust* ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Freezing ; Fungi ; Humans ; Male ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ; Quartz ; Silicon Dioxide* ; Silicosis ; Vital Capacity

A case of acquired lymphangioma was reported and the literature was reviewed. The patient was 28 yeara old pregnant woman at 7 months gestation who develo- ped multiple white-gray tense vesicles measuring 2-4mm in diameter on bilateral major labia following lymphedema of the lower extremities due to tubercuIous inguinal lymphadenitis.
Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphangioma* ; Lymphedema ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

In general, satisfactory results can be obtained by nonoperative means in the management of proximal femoral shaft fracture in children. Howerver, it is sometimes difficult to maintain the fracture alignment by the nonoperative means because of different muscle pulls in the thigh. The proximal fragment tend to be displaced and roentgenograms are difficult to be taken during traction. These problems have led some authors to advocate open reduction and internal fixation which facilitate overall care. We report our experiences on nonoperative and.operative treatment for proximal femoral fracture at the Chon-ju Presbyterian Medical Center from February 1987 to January 1991. The results are as follows ; 1. There were 20 cases in male, 7 cases in female. Average age at injury was 6.9 years (range, 6 months to 12 years and 8 months). Traffic accident was the most common cause (70.3%). 2. Average immobillization time was 9.2 weeks (range, 6.0 weeks to 12.1 weeks) in the nonoperative treatment group(17 cases), while 8.1 weeks(range, 6.1 weeks to 11.4 weeks) in the operative treatment group (10 cases). 3. Average bony union time was 9.6 weeks (range, 6.3 weeks to 12.5 weeks) in the nonoperative treatment group(17. cases) and 11.2 weeks (range, 9.0 weeks to 13.4 weeks) in the operative treatment group (P < 0.05). 4. Average overgrowth of femur was 3.3mm(range,
Accidents, Traffic ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Protestantism ; Thigh ; Traction

In order to study the effects of welding fume on ventilatory function, forced expiratory spirogram was performed on 563 male workers exposed to welding fume in motor vehicles industry and 589 male control workers. Ventilatory indices such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), the ratio of one-second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity (FEV(1)%= FEV(1)/FVC) and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMF) were obtained by analyzing forced expiratory spirogram which were measured by Vitalograph in standing position. The results were as follows: 1. Mean values of FVC, FEV(1), FEV(1)%, and MMF expressed as percent of the predicted were significantly lower in exposure group than in control group. 2. No significant differences for mean ventilatory indices were demonstrated between smokers and nonsmokers both in exposure group and control group. However, mean MMF of welders tended to reduce in smokers (77.4 %) than in nonsmokers (82.4 %). 3. In exposure group mean FEV(1) was significantly lower in more than 20 years than those of control group. However, mean MMF, FEV(1)% were significantly reduced with increasing exposure duration compared to control group, indicating 90.8 %; and 62.2 % of the predicted in more than 20 years group. 4. In exposure group workers with obstructive ventilatory impairment (7.5 %) was markedly higher than that with restrictive ventilatory impairment (2.0 %). 5. In exposure group the proportion of workers with low ventilatory indices was' the highest in MMF (26.8 %), and followed by FEV(1)(11.9 %), FEV(1)%(7.6 %) and FVC (2.1 %) in descending order. Workers with low MMF and PEV^% were significantly increased with increasing exposure duration compared to control group, indicating 64.3 % and 32.1 % in above 20 years group. With the above considerations in mind it suggested that the exposure to welding fume be associated with reduced pulmonary function and obstructive ventilratory impairment, increasing exposure duration be associated with reduced pulmonary function, and MMF be the most sensitive index in the evaluation of venfcilatory impairments of workers exposed to welding fume.
Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Vital Capacity ; Welding*

No abstract available.
Anthracosis* ; Mass Screening*

The authors investigated the antiproliferative effect and expression of HLA-DR an- tigen by recombinant gamma-interferon (r-IFN-y) on cultured human keratinocytes (KC). The results were as follows, 1. From 10l.J/ml of r-1FN-p exposure, the proliferation of KC decreased in a concentration dependent fashion. But there was little difference of antiproliferative effect above 30U/ml of r-IFN-y exposure. 2. The expression of HLA-DR antigen on KC increased in a concentration and time dependent fashion of r-IFN-p exposure. E3ut t,here was little difference of HLA-DR antigen expression on KC above 30tJ/ml and most of HLA-DR antigen were expressed within 48hr. 3. The opt,imal condition for HLA-DR antigen induction on KC by r-IFN-p was likely t,hat HLA-DR KC was observed at 48hr under the our exposure of 30U/ml of r-IFN p. 4. After 4hr exposure of 30U/ml of r-IFN-p, KC expresed HLA-BR. antigen, reaching a maximum intensity at 3 days. At, 7 days, the loss of HI A-DR KC showed over 90% of maximum intensity.
HLA-DR Antigens* ; Humans* ; Interferon-gamma ; Interferons* ; Keratinocytes*

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to compare health value cognition and health promotion behavior compliance between healthy group and not being healthy group, and to evaluate the difference of health promotion behaviors compliance between high group and low group in health value cognition. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 565 workers, 233 healthy workers, 172 observation cases and 160 disease cases, selected from 4,919 transit coporations workers. RESULTS: In health promoting behavior compliance, not being healthy group showed lower level than healthy group in exercise and showed higher level than healthy group in interpersonal support significantly. A worker who replied on health as the most value in life was consisted in 37.3% of healthy group and 36. 1% of not being healthy group, Health value cognition according to general characteristics showed no significant difference except only variable of age in healthy group. Health promoting behavior compliance according to cognition of health value showed in healthy group that a high level group of health value cognition was more significant difference than a low level group in self actualization and health responsibility of health promoting behavior and didn't show difference significantly in not being healthy group. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the relationship between health value cognition, health promotion behavior compliance and periodic health examination results showed weakly. Therefore, in order to develop and apply spontaneous health promotion program, it was considered that should emphasize compliance than cognition.
Cognition* ; Compliance ; Health Promotion*

No abstract available.
Anxiety* ; Depression*

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*