Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco. Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco. Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco. Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco. Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco. Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.