The chlorpropamid (1) is an antidiabetic drug synthetized from chlorobenzene (2) in five steps through intermediates p-clorobenzenesulfonyl chloride (3), calcium p-chlorobenzene sulfonyl cyanamide (6), p-clorobenzenesulfonyl cyanamide (7), p-clorobenzenesulfonyl urea (8) and then the compound 8 was condensated with n-propylamine. The product have melting point, Rf, IR spectral data that suitable with to the chlopropamid extracted from Novopropamid tablet of Canada.
Chlorpropamide ; Methods

Purpose: find out synthesis of carbutamine. Experiment: from acetanilid through 5 steps: (1) Preparing acetamidobenzen sulfoclorua; (2) Preparing p-acetamindobenzensulfonamid; (3) Preparing p-acetamidobenzen sulfonylure; (4) Preparing N1-nbutyl, N2-su;lanilylure. (5) Product completely resemble carbutamid, which extracted refinement from bucarban tablet of Hungary, as infra-red spectrum and sensitivity.
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Hypoglycemic Agents

The acetazolamide was prepared from hydrazine sulfate and ammonium or potasium thiocy anate via the hydrazodicarbothiamide and 2,2-diamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5, 5-disulfide (DTD). From DTD by acetylation, chlorosulfoxidation sulfonamidation, acetazolamide was obtained. The effects of the molecular of reagents, solvent, and catalysts and the reaction time were studied in order to find the best condition for synthesis of these compounds. We found acetone as a catalytic agent for preparation of hydrazodicacbo thiamide. The result showed that the yield increased by one and a half time more than that without acetone. We also exposed the explanation for the catalytic role of acetone on increasing the yield of hydrazodicarbothiamide preparation.
Acetazolamide ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Some unstable secodines 14, 16, 4, 5, stable hydrosecodines 13, 15 ,19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and aspidospermane type compounds 17,18, 9, 10, were prepared. Chemical properties of these compounds were studied by the transformation of stable secodine 13 into unstable secodines 4 and 5, result: vincadifformine 9 and 10 were generated.
Analogs & derivatives ; Alkaloids

From P-acctamino benzen sulfochlorua to P-acoltamino benzen sulfonamide to p- acctamido benzen sulfonylure to N1- n butyl, N2- sulfanilyure. This product is identical with carbutamide which pureed from Bucarban tablet (Hungary) in both infrared and melting point
Sulfonamides ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Study on some heterocyclic compounds used as drug for synthesis of sulphamethazine
Heterocyclic Compounds ; chemical synthesis

A new method for quantitative dethermination of some derivatives of artemisinin was studied. The method was TLC coupled with personal computer. The relative deviation was 2-3%.
Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Dihydroquinghaosu ; Analysis

Studying semi synthesis of some substances which contains lactam frame of artemisinin is 11-azaartemisinin, by let artemisinin interact with ammoniac or 3 amino including n-polyamine, n-butylamin and allylamin. The first step which was opening lacton circle to create amids occurred very fast within 30-45 minutes at room temperature. The second step which was closing circle occurred relatively low, usually 20-25 hours with the presence of strong acid catalyst. The higher temperature was, the lower the rates of 11-azaartemisinin derivatives were. The study was successful in transforming artemisinin into 11-azaartemisinin derivatives
Artemisinins ; Malaria

Backgroud: The aim of this study is to update on antibiotic resistance of common pathogenical bacteria isolated in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital (Hue UMP Hospital). Methodology: Use of the agar disk diffusion method to test the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of 3709 bacterial strains from infected patients hospitalized in Hue UMP Hospital in 2020 - 2022. Results: Among 3709 strains of pathogenical bacteria isolated, S.aureus was found with the rate of 29.9%, followed by E. coli (24.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginasa (17.8%), Enterococcus spp. (11.8%), Klebsiella spp (9.7%) and Acinetobacter spp (4.1%). The proportion of bacterial isolates has changed, but Staphylococcus aureus is still highest rate. S.aureus is resistant to many antibiotics, but MRSA strains have decreased significantly, from 73.3% in 2020 to 62.5% in 2022. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to some of the group A recommended antibiotics such as ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam with the rate of 56.6% and 48.7%. The percentage of E. coli with ESBL strains (+) was at 28.2% - 30.3%. Enterococus spp strains are still sensitive to vancomycin (83.1% - 91.9%). The rate of Klebsiella ESBL (+) is only 6.9% to 8.2%. The strains of Acinetobacter spp were highly resistant to Piperacillin (100%) and Ceftriaxone (96.5%) but they are still sensitive to imipenems 70 - 71%, highly sensitive to Doxycillin (95.2%) and Cefotaxime (88.4%). Conclusion: Many bacterial strains are resistant to many commonly antibiotics. Providing timely, regular, and effective management of antibiotic resistance patterns for common pathogenic bacteria in hospitals, will help reduce the risk of bacterial resistance.