Intestinal microflora play a significant role in regulating systemic immune function,maintaining the intestinal barrier,and preventing the invasion of external pathogenic bacteria.Recent epidemiological studies and experimental research suggest that the occurrence and development of allergic diseases is associated with the disturbances in the intestinal microflora during early life.Research has been taken to evaluate the prevention and treatment effects in allergic disease of probiotics,which is currently unestablished.

Objective To analyze the related factors of local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer after Dixon operation. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 100 patients from September 2005 to September 2007 in our hospital by TME standard surgicai treatment of low rectal cancer was carried out. Results Of 100 patients, the pre-sacral recurrence rate was 10. 0%, with gender, age, tumor size, tunor invasion lumen circumference,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and Duke's stage has nothing to do with the gross type,histological type and lumen,peritoneal tumor cell shedding,and as an independent prognostic factor. Of 90 patients without local recurrence,the 5-year survival rate was 76. 0% ,haff of the survival of 62 months;10 cases of local recurrence,5-year survival rate was 5. 0%, half of the survival of 24 months, suggested that local recurrence in patients influenced the prognosis. Conclusion The low local recurrence of rectal cancer related factors were gross type,histological type and the intestine, peritoneal tumor cells shed, seriously affect the prognosis of patients with local recurrence.

Objective To observe the anti-shock effect of rapid infusion of 7.5% sodium chloride(NaCl) in dog with hemorrhagic shock. Methods Five mongrel dogs were bled to mean arterial pressure(MAP) of 5.33～6.70kPa, and this pressure was maintained for 1 hour. Each dog received 7.5% NaCl (4ml/kg) intravenously, the infusion time was 2 min. The observation time was 4 hours. Results During the infusion period, the blood pressure was obviously lower than that of the shock period(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma rennin levels in ischemic stroke patients and aspirin-in-duced gastrointestinal bleeding .Methods 50 ischemic stroke cases in neurology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2012 to December 2012 were collected and divided into 2 groups depended plasma rennin levels :low rennin group and high rennin group .Low rennin group contained 21 cases and high rennin group containd 29 cases .Ap-pearance of haematemesis ,melena and fecal occult blood were considered as positive identification ,peptic ulcer bleeding in endoscope or death as the endpoint event in 1 year follow-up .Comparison of the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding between 2 groups was made .Results The average age of patients in low rennin group was higher than that in high rennin group(P<0 .05);blood pres-sure of patients in low rennin group was higher than that of high rennin group(P<0 .05);gastrointestinal bleeding rate of low ren-nin group was higher than that of high rennin group(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Different plasma rennin levels in ischemic stroke pa-tients may be unrelated to aspirin-induced gastrointestinal bleeding .

Objective To study the effects of ropivacaine on the duration of labor and mode of delivery in the primigravidas using patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed. The 190 healthy, full-term, and single-fetus parturient primigravidas who received PCEA with 0.1% ropivacaine+fentanyl (1 ?g/ml ) were in the epidural analgesia group. Another 222 primigravidas who didnot receive PCEA were in the control group. The duration of labor and modes of delivery, and the neonatal Apgar scores in both two groups were recorded and evaluated. Results Those in the epidural analgesia group experienced a significantly longer first stage [(426?161) minutes], longer second stage [(54?27) minutes] and longer full duration of delivery [(489?166) minutes] than those in the control one [(409?170) minutes, (364?167) minutes and (37?22) minutes]. The rate of using pitocin in the epidural analgesia group (30.2 %) was significantly higher than that in the control group (4.1%). The cesarean section rate in epidural analgesia group (20.0 %) was lower than that in the control one (28.4%); while the rate of instrumental delivery in the epidural analgesia group (20.0%) was significantly higher than that in the control one (6.3%). In summary, there were significant differences between two groups in the duration of labor, the rate of using pitocin, the rate of instrumental delivery and the rate of cesarean section. But there were no differences found for those newborn who had Apgar scores less than 7 at the point of both one and five minutes (7.9% and 4.5%, 2.6% and 0.5% respectively). Conclusion Epidural ropivacaine labor analgesia lengthens the duration of labor and increases the rate of instrumental delivery, but it has no significant negative effects on the neonates.

OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effects of the water extractions from ordinary green tea,black tea,chrysanthemum tea,oolong tea and Puer tea on digestive tract bacteria.METHODS Incubating plate with foveolae was used to study the inhibitory effect on Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Escherichia coli,Salmonella and Shigella with the water extractions of the tea.RESULTS It is showed inhibitory effect on V.parahaemolyticus by the first water extraction from ordinary green tea,black tea,chvysanthemum tea,oolong tea and Puer tea.Same effect was also observed to E.coli,Salmonella and Shigella.The green tea and Puer tea showed best inhibitory effects on V.parahaemolyticus,and the inhibitory zone diameter of the first water extraction of 2.5mg/ml teas were 10.6mm and 12.3mm,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The first water extraction of many kinds of the tea showes inhibitory effects on the digestive bacteria.

Objective To establish an effective cleaning process for automatic spray cleaning machine in case of without water purification system and to reduce the formation of scale on the surface of machine and instruments with increased cleaning degree.Methods Descale process was added to the previons concrete cleaning process.The clean effect Was compared with previous concrete process.The blocking of the pipeline was observed.Results The clean degree by new cleaning process reached 97.23%,which was,better than that of the previous process.The problem of blocking of the pipeline was also solved.Conclusions Addition of descale process when using automatic spray cleaning machine in case of without water purification system could guarantee the clean quality of instruments.

Objective To systematically evaluate whether eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is associated with the development of endoscopic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and reflux symptoms.Methods PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,CNKI and Wanfang Database from April 1978 to April 2015 were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the incidence of reflux symptoms or reflux esophagitis in patients receiving H.pylori eradication treatment and those without treatment.The quality of trials was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias and Jadad scoring.A Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.20 software.Results Twenty RCTs involving 6 575 cases were included.Meta-analysis showed that:(1) There was a positive link between H.pylori eradication and endoscopic reflux esophagitis.The diagnostic rate of endoscopic reflux esophagitis after H.pylori eradication therapy was higher than that of control group(7.25％ vs 4.20％;OR =1.62,95 ％ CI 1.20-2.19,P =0.002).Subgroup analysis found that Asian patients,40 to 50 years old,followup time more than 1 year,and peptic ulcer had higher incidence of endoscopic reflux esophagitis;(2) The incidence of reflux symptoms was not significantly different between H.pylori eradication group and control group (25.2％ vs 24.6％;OR =1.03,95％ CI 0.87-1.21,P =0.76).Further analysis indicated that reflux symptoms were not related to some relevant factors,such as races,age at diagnosis,follow-up time and underlying diseases.Conclusions The eradication of H.pylori is considered as one of risk factors for GERD,especially in Asian populations,long time follow-up,40 to 50 years old and patients with peptic ulcer.Meanwhile,the eradication of H.pylori does not suggest the correlation with reflux symptoms.H.pylori eradication therapy should be administrated according to patients' individual conditions.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14)-159C/T (rs2569190),and interleukin-8 (IL-8)-251A/ T (rs4073)and the susceptibility of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),to clarify the influencing factors of susceptibility of NEC and to provide genetics theory basis for the research on the pathogenesis of NEC. Methods:Total 28 newborns with NEC and 41 newborns without NEC were selected.The amplification of peripheral blood DNA was conducted by PCR.The genotypic and allelic frequencies of CD14-159C/T and IL-8-251A/T of the patients were detected by Sanger DNA sequencing method. The relationship between them and the susceptibility of NEC was studied.Results:The distribution of genotypic frequencies of CD14-159C/T and IL-8-251A/T was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P >0.05).There were no significant differences of the allelic and genotypic frequencies of CD14-159C/T,or genotypic frequencies of IL-8-251A/T between two groups (P >0.05).While in NEC group,the T allelic frequency of IL-8-251A/T site was higher than that in control group (χ2 = 4.184, P = 0.041, OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.03 - 4.46 ). Conclusion:The polymorphism of CD14-159C/T is irrelevant to the pathogeny of NEC,but T allelic frequency of IL-8-251A/T site might be related to the susceptibility of NEC.So T allele in IL-8-251A/T may be one of the danger factors of NEC.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of levofloxacin-based triple therapy and bismuthbased quadruple therapy in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection as rescue regimens.Methods Related randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin-based triple therapy eradicating Hp as salvage treatment were retrieved from Pubmed,Cochrane Library,SPRINGER,VIP database,WanFang database and CKNI database.The literature quality was evaluated by the improved Jadad criterion.RevMan5.3 sofeware was applied to data analysis.The mergment model was chosen on the basis of the outcome of the heterogeneity tests and original data was pooled for meta-analysis.Publication bias assessed with funnel plots.Results Ultimately seventeen literatures were included for meta-analysis,the analysis showed that the eradication rate of levofloxacin-based triple therapy was higher comparing to the bismuth-based quadruple therapy but the difference was not statistically significant (77.0％ vs 68.7％,OR =1.52,95％ CI 0.96-2.42,P =0.34).In European countries,levofloxacin-based triple therapy was more effective than quadruple therapy(80.6％ vs 68.5％,OR =2.18,95％ CI 1.25-3.81,P ＜ 0.05),while eradication rates of two groups in Asian countries were similar.The 7-day levofloxacin-based triple therapy and quadruple therapy showed comparable efficacy,whereas the 10-day levofloxacin-based triple therapy was significantly more effective than quadruple therapy (87.7％ vs 61.3％,OR =4.92,95％ CI 3.09-7.82,P ＜ 0.05).The efficacy was not influenced by the dose of levofloxacin.The adverse effects were significantly lesser(19.1％ vs 29.5％,OR =0.47,95％ CI 0.26-0.82,P ＜ 0.05),whereas the compliance rate was significantly higher in levofloxacin group (96.0％ vs 89.9％,OR =2.27,95％ CI 1.33-3.87,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Comparing with bismuth-based quadruple therapy,levofloxacinbased triple therapy has higher eradication rate,compliance rate and lesser side effects,so we recommend it as a second-line rescue therapy after front-line Hp eradication failure.The optimal second-line alternative scheme might differ among countries depending on quinolone resistance.