[Objective]To investigate the effect of pantoprazole on skeletal muscle wasting in cancer cachexia and the possible mechanism.[Methods]24 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group(NN),cancer cachexia group(CC),pantrop?razole treatment group(PPI). The mice in CC and PPI were inoculated subcutaneously with mouse colon adenocarcinoma C26 cells to establish a model of cancer cachexia. The mice in PPI group were gavaged with 75 mg/kg pantoprazole dissolving in physiological saline,while those in NN and CC group were gavaged with 0.1 mL/10 g physiological saline. The mice were killed 12d after treatment. The weight of gastrocnemius and tumour and the size of tumour were measured. The morphological change of skeletal muscle were evalu?ated by the method of stain with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αin serum were tested by ELISA. qRT-PCR was used to assess the expression of mRNA of Myod1 and myf5 in skeletal muscle. The protein expressions of MuRF1,MAFBx, Myod1 and myf5 were measured by Western blot.[Results]Compared with CC group ,pantoprazole can increase the weight of mice and gastrocnemius(39.8% and 24.2%,respectively),cross section area(25.4%),levels of mRNA and protein of Myod1 and myf5(P<0.05),while the levels of IL-6 and TNF-αdecreased(30.7%and 18.9%,respectively),as well as the levels of protein ex?pression of MuRF1 and MAFBx(P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Pantoprazole can attenuate the wasting of skeletal muscle,the potential mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory factors and UPS ,and up-regulation of Myod1 and myf5.

Objective: To observe the effects of follistatin (FST)on the skeletal muscle wasting of cancer cachexia mice and the expressions of Mstn, LncRNA-MALAT1 and Caspase-3, and to elucidate its associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Thirty-two BALB/c mices were randomly assigned into:healthy control (HC) group,FST prevention (FP)group,FST treatment (FT)group and cancer cachexia (CC)group.The murine colon adenocarcinoma CT26 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the mices in FP, FT and CC groups to establish the cancer cachexia models. The body weight, spontaneous activity and tumor growth were daily monitored.The mice in FP and FT groups were administrated with FST intraperitoneally on day 6 and 12 after inoculation.The samples were collected on day 20.The tumor and gastrocnemius weights of the mice were detected. The biochemical metabolism indexes and myofiber cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius tissue were detected.The mRNA expression levels of Mstn,Caspase-3 and LncRNA-MALAT1 were examined by Real-time PCR.The protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 were measured by Western blotting method. Results:Compared with CC group,the body weights,spontaneous activities,gastrocnemius weights and myofiber cross-sectional areas were increased (P <0.05);the serum levels of glucose,total protein and albumin of the mice in FP and FT groups were increased (P <0.05).The protein and mRNA expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in gastrocnemius of the mice in CC group were significantly higher and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was significantly lower than those in HC group (P < 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression levels of Mstn and Caspase-3 in FP and FT groups were reduced and the expression level of LncRNA-MALAT1 was increased compared with CC group (P < 0.05).The prevention effect in FP group is better than FT group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:FST may alleviate the muscle wasting of the mice with cancer cachexia by inhibiting the expression of Mstn,thus upregulating the expression of LncRNA-MALAT1 which in turn to suppress the expression of Caspase-3.

Objective: To explore the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), and to analyze the clinical value of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with iodine-125 seed implantation in such patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 53 patients with HCC combined with PVTT was performed. In the study group, 32 cases were treated with TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation, and 21 cases in the control group were treated with TACE combined with sorafenib. Survival analysis was carried out on eight factors such as gender, age, Child-Pugh classification, alpha fetoprotein level, portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) type, forms of liver tumor, extra-hepatic metastasis and treatment modalities. The efficacy of TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation and TACE combined with sorafenib was further compared. The χ ² test was used to evaluate the efficacy of the two groups. A single factor survival analysis was calculated by Kaplan-Meier estimator and multifactor survival analysis by Cox proportional hazards model. Results: All 53 patients were successfully treated. The median tumor progression time (mTTP) and median overall survival (mOS) were 8 months and 11 months, respectively. The disease control rate (DCR) of the study group for PVTT was 93.8%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (61.9%, χ ² = 6.448, P = 0.011). The difference was statistically significant; the objective remission rate of the study group for PVTT was 75.0%. Significantly higher than 9.5% in the control group, P < 0.05, the difference was statistically significant; the DCR of the primary tumor in the study group was 50.0%, which was lower than the 70.0% of the PVTT in the control group, P = 0.231, the difference was not statistically significant. The progression of primary HCC lesions in patients with multivariate survival analysis: Child-Pugh grade A patients were compared to grade B [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.236, P = 0.003]; no extra-hepatic metastasis (HR = 0.258, P = 0.002); and TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation group compared with TACE combined sorafenib group (HR = 0.372, P = 0.002), the differences were statistically significant. Multivariate survival analysis of patients with overall survival: AFP < 400 ng/mL vs. AFP≥400 ng/mL (HR = 0.389, P = 0.030); Child-Pugh grade A vs. B (HR = 0.263, P = 0.006); and no extra-hepatic metastasis (HR = 0.306, P = 0.006), the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation for the treatment of HCC with PVTT can effectively control the progression of PVTT and intrahepatic lesions and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To explore the associations of family structure with adolescent mental health and health associated behaviors, to support interventions to decrease the occurrence of psychological problems and adverse health associated behaviors among adolescents in families without two parents. Methods: The multi stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 18 700 adolescents of the 13 districts and cities from Jiangsu Province for a questionnaire survey on mental health and health associated behaviors, to compare differences in mental health and health associated behaviors among adolescents with different family structures. Results: Among the adolescents, 82.1% had two parent families, 8.6% had single mother families, 4.0% had single father families, and 5.3 % had families with both parents absent. After controlling for age, urban/rural areas, gender, academic period and region, Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that compared with adolescents from two parent families, the incidence of depression, social anxiety and bullying on campus of adolescents with single mother families increased significantly( OR=1.31, 1.15, 1.36，P ＜0.05). Compared with adolescents in two parent families, adolescents in families without two parents had significantly more types of health risk behaviors, and those in single mother families had significantly less frequent intake of a healthful diet( OR =0.81), significantly more smoking( OR =1.20), drinking behaviors( OR =1.22), and significantly less moderate intensity physical activity ( OR =0.84) and shorter duration of sleep( OR =0.87)( P <0.05). Conclusion Psychological and health associated problems were significantly higher among adolescents in families without two parents than in those with two parent families. Psychological problems and adverse health associated behaviors were particularly prominent among adolescents in single mother families.

ObjectiveTo conduct a bibliometric visual analysis of studies on Enterococcus faecium， Staphylococcus aureus， Klebsiella pneumoniae， Acinetobacter baumannii， Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species （ESKAPE） in the past 10 years at home and abroad， and to analyze current research status and future research directions in this field based on the concept of “One health”. MethodsRelated literature on ESKAPE drug resistant bacteria from 2013 to 2022 was searched on CNKI and WoS， respectively. Furthermore， a metrological visualization analysis of authors， source of agencies， countries， and keywords was conducted by the CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software. ResultsA total of 2 991 pieces of Chinese-language and 24 497 pieces of English-language literature were included in this study. Although the number and growth rate of English-language publications were higher than those of Chinese-language publications， the number of English-language papers authored by Chinese scholars showed a significant upward trend. The level of collaboration between authors and institutions in Chinese-language publications was weaker than that in English-language publications. Overall， the country with the highest number of publications was the United States （6 623）， followed by China （3 776）. However， China’s annual publication volume （851） exceeded that of the United States （600） in 2022. China had collaborations with 25 countries， indicating good global cooperation， but its level of international cooperation was still slightly weaker than that of the United States. High-frequency keywords in Chinese-language literature mainly included drug resistance， nosocomial infection， and antibiotics， while high-frequency keywords in English-language literature included Staphylococcus aureus， Klebsiella pneumoniae， and methicillin-resistant. ConclusionCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae， carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae， and "One health" are research hotspots. In the future， cross-sectoral and multi-regional collaboration should be deepened to strengthen the control of infections of important drug-resistant bacteria， and infection treatment strategies should be optimized as well.

BACKGROUND:Several studies have found that the total flavonoids of rhizome drynariae can promote neovascularization in the induced membrane,improve the biological properties of the induced membrane,and accelerate bone remodeling in the induced membrane,but the related molecular mechanisms still need to be further explored. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of total flavonoids of rhizome drynariae on bone remodeling in rat femoral Masquelet-induced membrane model by regulating H-type blood vessels. METHODS:Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were stratified by body mass and then randomly divided into blank group,model group and traditional Chinese medicine group,with 12 rats in each group.A 4-mm femoral bone defect model was established in all the rats.Bone defects in the model group and traditional Chinese medicine group were filled with polymethylmethacrylate bone cement.At 6 weeks after modeling,the tail bone of the rats was implanted in the blank group,as well as in the other two groups after removal of bone cement.The traditional Chinese medicine group was given 157.5 mg/kg per day of total flavonoids of rhizome drynariae at 3 days after bone implantation,while the model and blank groups were given the same amount of saline by gavage until the 8th week after bone implantation.Bone graft samples were taken for relevant testing at 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:X-ray films showed that in the blank group,the fracture line in the defect area was clear,and only a small amount of bone callus formed;in the model group,the bone defect area still existed,where discontinuous cortical bone was visible;in the traditional Chinese medicine group,the defect area was filled with newborn bone tissues,the bone marrow cavity and part of the cortical bone formed,and the fracture line disappeared.Micro-CT scans showed that the amount of new bone in the defect area was low in the blank group,the number of bone trabeculae in the defect area was significantly increased in the model group,and a large amount of new bone tissue was filled in the bone defect area in the traditional Chinese medicine group.Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that in the blank group,only a small amount of new bone formed in the defect area and the quality of osteogenesis was poor;in the model group,there was more new bone tissue in the defect area,but some fibrous connective tissues were interspersed within the bone tissue;and in the traditional Chinese medicine group,a large amount of new bone formed in the defect area and the quality of osteogenesis was the best.CD31/Emcn immunofluorescence double-labeling staining results showed that the number of H-type blood vessels in the newborn bone tissue in the bone defect area of the blank group was sparse and sparsely distributed;compared with the blank group,there were more H-type blood vessels in the bone tissue in the bone defect area of the model group,and the blood vessels were distributed in relatively regular strips;the number of H-type blood vessels in the bone defect area of the traditional Chinese medicine group was the highest and the blood vessels were densely distributed.To conclude,the total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae can upregulate the expression of H-type blood vessels to enhance the angiogenic-osteogenic effect,improve the osteogenic efficiency of the rat femoral Masquelet induced membrane model,and promote bone remodeling.

Objective     To evaluate the early clinical effect of reimplantation in the treatment of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with aortic root aneurysm. Methods     The clinical data of 25 patients with BAV and aortic root aneurysm [mean diameter: 45-63 (52.68±5.55) mm] undergoing reimplantation in West China Hospital from November 2019 to May 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 22 males and 3 females. The mean age was 15-65 (50.00±13.10) years and body surface area was 1.79±0.23 m2. Results    The pathological classification of BAV malformation was confirmed during the operation: Type 0 in 3 patients and Type 1 in 22 patients. There were 12 patients undergoing cusp central plication, and 2 patients were sutured with a closed fusion crest. Postoperative valve leaflet coaptation height was 0.78±0.15 cm, and effective height was 1.27±0.19 cm. In operation, maximum aortic valve flow velocity was 1.65±0.42 m/s, pressure difference was 5.46±3.05 mm Hg, and aortic valve annulus diameter was 21.32±0.95 mm. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 225.84±35.34 min, and aortic block time was 189.60±26.51 min. In-hospital time was 11.64±3.07 d, ICU stay time was 2.64±0.99 d, and mechanical ventilation time was 1.48±0.87 d. The follow-up time was 17.20±4.70 months, and no death or major complications occurred during the follow-up in all patients. The cardiac function of the patients significantly improved postoperatively (P≤0.05). Echocardiography suggested that 12 patients had no aortic regurgitation, 10 minor aortic regurgitation, 3 mild aortic regurgitation, and no patients with moderate or more severe regurgitation. The diameter of the aortic sinus, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and volume decreased during the follow-up, compared to preoperative ones (P≤0.05). The maximum flow velocity of the aortic valve was 1.54±0.36 m/s, and the pressure difference was 5.17±2.38 mm Hg during the follow-up. Conclusion    Reimplantation technology has a good clinical effect for highly selective BAV patients. It can effectively avoid long-term postoperative anticoagulation, but the maximum flow rate after surgery is slightly increased, which may be related to the configuration of BAV itself. While compared with valve replacement, the effect is still worthy of recognition.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a drug-loaded composite microsphere that can simultaneously release the berberine (BBR) and naringin (NG) to repair infectious bone defects. METHODS: The NG was loaded on mesoporous microspheres (MBG) to obtain the drug-loaded microspheres (NG-MBG). Then the dual drug-loaded compound microspheres (NG-MBG@PDA-BBR) were obtained by wrapping NG-MBG with polydopamine (PDA) and modifying the coated PDA with BBR. The composite microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, specific surface area and pore volume analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; the drug loading rate and release of NG and BBR were measured; the colony number was counted and the bacterial inhibition rate was calculated after co-culture with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for 12 hours to observe the antibacterial effect; the biocompatibility was evaluated by live/dead cell fluorescence staining and cell counting kit 8 assay after co-culture with rat's BMSCs for 24 and 72 hours, respectively, and the osteogenic property was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining after 7 and 14 days, respectively. RESULTS: NG-MBG@PDA-BBR and three control microspheres (MBG, MBG@PDA, and NG-MBG@PDA) were successfully constructed. Scanning electron microscopy showed that NG-MBG@PDA-BBR had a rough lamellar structure, while MBG had a smooth surface, and MBG@PDA and NG-MBG@PDA had a wrapped agglomeration structure. Specific surface area analysis showed that MBG had a mesoporous structure and had drug-loading potential. Low angle X-ray diffraction showed that NG was successfully loaded on MBG. The X-ray diffraction pattern contrast showed that all groups of microspheres were amorphous. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that NG and BBR peaks existed in NG-MBG@PDA-BBR. NG-MBG@PDA-BBR had good sustained drug release ability, and NG and BBR had early burst release and late sustained release. NG-MBG@PDA-BBR could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial ability was significantly higher than that of MBG, MBG@PDA, and NG-MBG@PDA ( P<0.05). But there was a significant difference in biocompatibility at 72 hours among microspheres ( P<0.05). ALP and alizarin red staining showed that the ALP positive area and the number of calcium nodules in NG-MBG@PDA-BBR were significantly higher than those of MBG and NG-MBG ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between NG-MBG@PDA and NG-MBG@PDA ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION NG-MBG@PDA-BBR have sustained release effects on NG and BBR, indicating that it has ideal dual performance of osteogenesis and antibacterial property.
Rats ; Animals ; Osteogenesis ; Delayed-Action Preparations/pharmacology* ; Microspheres ; Berberine/pharmacology* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Escherichia coli