Objective To investigate the early and long-term effects of enhanced ischemia/reperfusion injury on the transplanted abdominal aorta. Methods Abdominal aorta grafts from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were cold stored for 1 or 24 hours, and they were orthotopically transplanted to SD or Wistar recipients. The pathohistological changes and the expression of TGF-? 1 in the grafts were observed. The levels of serum lipid peroxides before and after transplantation were also measured. Results The intima was significantly thicker in aorta transplants which was cold stored, both in SD→SD and SD→Wistar groups 10 weeks and 6 weeks after transplantation, whereas grafts which were cold stored for 24 hours showed pronounced thickening as early as 2 weeks after transplation. Serum lipid peroxides levels were elevated significantly 2 hours post-transplantation in all groups, but they were lowered 4 and 24 hours post-transplantation. The expression of TGF-? 1 in 24 hours of ischemia became stronger 1 week after transplantation regardless the difference in strains of the animal. Conclusions The enhanced ischemia/reperfusion injury can aggravate the infiltration of inflammatory cells, intensify the expression of TGF-? 1, accelerate the thickening of intimal layer.

Objective To investigate the relationship between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and child bacterial pneumonia. Methods BALF levels of IL-6, IL-8 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 26 patients with bacterial pneumonia and 14 controls. Neutrophils and alveolar macrophages (AMs) of BALF were examined. Results BALF levels of IL-6, IL-8, total cell count and neutrophils of child bacterial pneumonia before treatment were significantly higher than those of pneumonia after treatment and controls (P<0.01). BALF levels of IL-6, IL-8 were significantly higher in Gram-negative infection than those in Gram-positive infection (P<0.01). BALF level of IL-6 showed positive correlation with AMs in pneumonia (r=0.7615, P<0.01). BALF level of IL-8 was correlated positively with neutrophils and AMs respectively in pneumonia (r=0.8956, r=0.6018, P<0.01). Conclusions IL-6 and IL-8 play the roles in the development of airway inflammation in child bacterial pneumonia. Detection of BALF levels of IL-6 and IL-8 is valuable to predict the state of child bacterial pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the relationship between urine IgG of the first hospitalized children suffered allergic purpura and recurrence within one year. Methods Used immunoturbidimetry to determine acute-stage and convalescent urine IgG of 43 children suffered allergic purpura in the first hospitalized and no recurrence within one year (no recurrence group), and of 29 children suffered allergic purpura and recurrence within one year (recurrence group), and of 28 hospitalized children suffered primary nephrotic syndrome during the corresponding time period before hormonal therapy (nephrotie syndrome group), and of 30 children done medical examination in out-patient clinic (control group), then analyzed.Results There was no significant difference of the urine IgG level in acute-stage between no recurrence group [(1.391± 0.743) g/L] and recurrence group [(1.474 ±0.658) g/L](P>0.05), while they were all lower than that in recurrence group [(2.808 ± 0.683) g/L] (P < 0.01). The level of convalescent urine IgG in nephrotic syndrome group [(0.202 ± 0.154) g/L] was obviously higher than that in no recurrence group [(0.115 ±0.103) g/L] and control group [(0.109 ±0.098) g/L](P<0.05). Conclusion Urine IgG is a significant index to judge the activity and recurrence and prognosis of pedo-allergie purpura.

BACKGROUND:Caspase plays a crucial role in the cellapoptosis, but the influence of different facial nerve injury on caspase 1, caspase 8, cyto-c protein expression and their correlation stil remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To construct facial nerve crush or distal transection injury models, observe the morphological changes of facial motoneurons, investigate death gene caspase 3, caspase 8, cyto-c expression, and analyze their correlation.
METHODS:Facial nerve crush or distal transection injury model was established in the right facial nerve of rats, while the left facial nerve served as normal controls. We observed the morphology and the death of facial motoneurons with toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope. Expressions of caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c proteins were studied by immunohistochemistry analysis fol owing facial nerve injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both facial nerve distal transection and crush injury resulted in the death of facial motoneurons, and the death pattern was mainly apoptosis. Caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c protein expressions were observed in the subnucleus of normal rat facial nucleus. cells of the distal transection group were stained more intensely than that of crush group. Expressions of these proteins began to increase at 3 days after the injuries. Caspase 3 and caspase 8 protein expression peaked at 14 days, whereas cyto-c protein expression peaked at 7 days after the injuries. Expressions of caspase 3, caspase 8 and cyto-c proteins were correlated with facial nerve injury type and injury time. Expressions of caspase 8 and cyto-c protein were correlated with expression of caspase 3 protein. The findings indicate that, caspase 8 and cyto-c contribute to activate caspase 3, and caspase cascade reaction plays an important role in the apoptosis of facial motoneurons.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis and treatment of ketamine-associated urinary system dysfunction. Methods:Total-ly 56 cases of urinary tract symptoms with the history of ketamine abuse in recent years were retrospectively analyzed. The routine ex-amination and the examination related to the urinary system were given, and individual treatment was undertaken according to different situation. Results: The main symptom of ketamine-asscociated urinary tract dysfunction was lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS). Bladder pathologic biopsy showed different degree of inflammatory change. Imaging examination showed various degree of pathological changes, including reduced bladder capacity, thickened bladder wall, bladder contracture, ureteral stricture and hydronephrosis. Three patients had increased serum creatinine level. Conclusion: Ketamine-asscociated urinary system dysfunction is a disease with LUTS as the main clinical symptom. At the early stage, the disease is reversible with promising treatment outcome. In the progression of the disease, some patients develop irreversible histological changes in the urinary tract, which should be brought to the forefront.

Background The pathogenesis and management of human autoimmunity uveoretinitis is a focus in ophthalmology.For decades,a traditional experimental autoimmunity uveoretinitis (EAU) induced by pertussis toxin (PTX) was used for the basic investigation,which was thought to have a large deviation from the natural course of human autoimmunity uveoretinitis.Objective This study was to establish a new mice model of autoimmunity uveoretinitis which mimics the human autoimmunity uveoretinitis pathogenesis and offer a basis for the investigation and treatment of uveoretinitis.Methods Twenty 6-8 weeks old specific pathogen-free female C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice were randomized into normal control group,only endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide,LPS) induced uveitis group (endotoxin induced uveitis [EIU] group),interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP1-20) +complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) induced uveoretinitis group (EAU group) and IRBP+CFA+LPS induced uveoretinitis group (LPS-EAU group).The mice of the EAU were only immunized with IRBP emulsified in CFA,and LPS-EAU group firstly were immunized with IRBP emulsified in CFA and then LPS was injected in the footpad of the mice on 7 days following immunization.The ocular pathological examination,histopathological scoring,delayed-type hypersensitivity and specific lymphocyte proliferating response were evaluated and compared with the EIU models,traditional EAU models without PTX and LPS-EAU models.The use and care of experimental animals complied with Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results No inflammatory response was found in the iris,cilliary body and retina of mice in the normal control group.However,mild blood vessels dilation and fibrin exudation were seen in the iris and cilliary body of mice in the EIU group.In the EAU group,mild vasculitis and swelling of nerve fiber layer were exhibited in the retinas; while in the LPS-EAU group,severe disorder of retinal structure,infiltration of inflammatory cells and damage of photoreceptor were found under the optical microscope.The pathological score was 0 in the models of the normal control group and EIU group,0.5 score in the EAU group and 3.0 scores in the LPS-EAU group,with a significant difference in the pathological scores between the EAU group and the LPS-EAU group (U=16.246,P =0.001).The earthickness of the mice was (35.60±0.55) μm in the LPS-EAU group,and this value was significantly higher than (12.60±0.55) μm of the EIU group (q =23.003,P＜0.01),but closed to (34.80±0.84) μm of the EAU group (t =0.820,P＞0.05).The obvious cloning were seen and theradiation count per minute was (8 540.00 ±54.77)/min in the model mice of the LPS-EAU group,and that in the EAU group was (8 484.00±47.75)/min,without significant difference between them (q =56.634,P =0.069).Compared with the β particle number (2 050.00±50.00)/min in the EIU group,that of the LPS-EAU group was significantly elevated (q =195.683,P =0.000).Conclusions LPS injection can induce EAU in mice,and this model can better imitate the pathogenesis of human autoimmunity uveoretinitis.

Background Researches indicated that etiology and epidemiology of pertussis toxin (PTX)dependent experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis(EAU)model are very different with human uveoretinitis owing to the influence of PTX on immune.Our previous study has established lipopolysaccharide (LPS),an endotoxin,which instesad of PTX,mediated EAU model.However,the exact roles of LPS and PTX in EAU still remained unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the roles of LPS and PTX in EAU model.Methods Twenty SPF C57BL/6(H-2b) mice were assigned to 0 d-PTX-EAU group,7 d-PTX-EAU group,0 d-LPS-EAU group and 7 d-LPS-EAU group using random number table method.The mice were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein 1-20(IRBP 1-20) emulsified in complete Freund adjuvant (CFA),and concurrently with or on day 7 postimmunization,LPS or PTX was injected in the footpad or intraperitoneally respectively.Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) of the mice was evaluated by measuring the ear thickness 48 hours after IRBP was injected into the ear pinna,and lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by tritiated thymidine uptake.Retinal histopathological examination was performed and scored based on criteria of Caspi.The use and care of experimental animals complied with Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results Serious infiltration of inflammatory cells,disorder of entire retinal structure and retinal folds were seen in the mice of the 0 d-PTX-EAU group and 7 d-LPS-EAU group on 21 days after injection of PTX or 14 days after injection of LPS,and severe vitritis and a few granuloma-like lesions were found in the 0 d-PTX-EAU group.However,only mild vasodilatation or less retinal folds were found in the 7 d-PTX-EAU group and 0 d-LPS-EAU group.The pathological scores in the mice of the 0 d-PTX-EAU group and 7 d-LPS-EAU group were higher than those of the 7 d-PTX-EAU group and 0 d-LPS-EAU group (all at P ＜ 0.05).The ear thickness was (62.600 ± 3.362) μm,(60.000±2.345) μm,(30.400± 1.817) μm and (32.800 ± 1.643) μm in the 0 d-PTX-EAU group,7 d-PTX-EAU group,0 d-LPS-EAU group and 7 d-LPS-EAU group,showing a significantly difference among the 4 groups (Fgroup =259.751,P=0.000),and the ear thicknesses of 0 d-PTX-EAU group and 7 d-PTX-EAU group were significantly higher than those of the 0 d-LPS-EAU group and 7 d-LPS-EAU group (all at P＜0.05).The lymphocyte proliferation was strongly enhanced in PTX-EAU groups,and the radiation count per minute (cpm) was (16 150.000±799.218)/min and (16 120.000±729.383)/min in the 0 d-PTX EAU group and 7 d-PTX EAU group,and (8 348.000±258.979)/min and (8 540.000±81.548)/min in the 0 d-LPS EAU group and 7 d-LPS EAU group respectively,with a significant difference among the PTX-EAU groups and LPS-EAU groups (Fgroup =316.978,P=0.000).Conclusions LPS and PTX play different roles during the EAU formation.LPS may be involved in the breakdown of blood-retina barriers (BRB).

Objective To explore the change of serum insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and its relationship with clinical characteristics in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Fifty-one schizophrenic patients were recruited in the present study and 50 healthy volunteers served as controls. The serum IGF-2 level was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the psychotic symp?toms of patients. Trail Making Test-A (TMTA), Digit-Symbol Coding Test (DSCT), Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of both groups. Results There were sig?nificant differences in the results of TMTA, DSCT, CPT and SCWT between patient and control groups. The serum levels of IGF-2 were significantly lower in patients than that in controls [(202.7±40.7) ng/mL vs. (365.9±65.5) ng/mL, P<0.01]. The levels of serum IGF-2 were not significantly different between first-episode and recurrent schizophrenic patients (P>0.05). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between the serum IGF-2 level and the negative symptom sub?scale of PANSS (r=-0.397, P=0.004), CPT score (r=0.378, P=0.006), SCWT-word number (r=0.289, P=0.040), SC? WT-color number (r=0.327, P=0.019) and SCWT-word/color number (r=0.386, P=0.005) in schizophrenic patients. Con?clusion The serum IGF-2 levels of patients with schizophrenia are significantly lower than that of healthy controls, and the IGF-2 level is associated with the severity of negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in patients, indicating that serum IGF-2 might be an indicator of the severity of schizophrenia.

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing based on protective motivation theory in patients with chemotherapy after glioma resection.Methods:From June 2018 to June 2021, 120 patients with chemotherapy after glioma resection were selected from the Oncology Surgery of Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital by convenient sampling. The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 60 cases each. The control group was given routine nursing, while the observation group carried out nursing based on protective motivation theory on the basis of routine nursing. The scores of the MOS Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were compared before and after the intervention.Results:After intervention, the scores of SF-36 and HPLP-Ⅱ in the two groups were higher than those before intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). SDS and SAS scores were lower than those before intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Nursing based on protective motivation theory can improve the health behavior of patients with chemotherapy after glioma resection, eliminate their negative emotions, and improve their quality of life.

Objective To explore the influence of nifedipine controlled release tablets com-bined with indapamide on renal function of elderly patients with refractory isolated systolic hyper-tension.Methods 96 elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension were randomly divided in-to two groups according to the admission odd and even day,48 cases in each group.Control group was treated with nifedipine controlled release tablets,while the observation group was treated with nifedipine controlled release tablets combined with indapamide on the basis of control group.Result After treatment,blood pressure in both groups decreased,and decreasing range of blood pressure in observation group was significantly greater than the control group(P <0.05).There were signif-icant differences of serum creatinine,creatinine clearance rate and microalbuminuria detection result before and after treatment in observation group (P <0.05).Conclusion Nifedipine controlled re-lease tablets combined with indapamide can effectively reduce blood pressure and promote renal func-tion in elderly patients with refractory isolated systolic hypertension,so it is worthy of clinical popu-larization.