Objectives This study was to describe the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptom and disorder in outpatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or functional dyspepsia (FD) in the comprehensive hospitals in big cities, China. Methods This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in three main cities in China in 2004. Six hundred and eight eligible subjects with IBS or FD were recruited consecutively from the outpatient departments within 3 months. Face-to-face interview was used in data collection together with the self-completed HAD scale for depressive and/or anxiety symptom screening. Subjects getting a HAD score of 9 and above were further assessed for depressive and/or anxiety disorders with HAMA scales and HAMD scales by the licensed psychologists or psychiatrists. Results The prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms was 24. 8% and 23. 6% respectively in outpatients with IBS or FD. And among detected depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety disorder was 69. 6% and 68. 7% respectively; Less than 12% of subjects had obtained a diagnosis of depressive disorders and been treated, and less than 8% of subjects had obtained a diagnosis of anxiety disorders and been treated prior to the investigation. The prevalence of anxiety symptom in female patients with IBS was significantly higher than male patients (17. 0% vs. 8. 7%; X2=4. 432,P = 0. 035); among detected depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, the prevalence of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, depressive and anxiety disorder and depressive and/or anxiety dis order in female patients with IBS were higher than those in male patients (52. 6%vs. 25. 0% ,X2 = 4. 612, P=0. 032; 79. 5% vs. 53. 8%,X2=4. 815, P = 0. 028; 51. 4% vs. 21. 7%,X2=5. 112,P = 0. 024; 78. 6% vs. 55. 6%,X2=4. 112,P = 0. 043). Conclusions It is important for healthcare providers and health policy makers to note that the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms and depressive and/or anxiety disorders are high and the percentages of previous diagnosis and treatment in outpatients with somatic diseases in general hospitals of urban China are rather low.

Objective To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the host defense against systemic candidiasis in murine model.Methods Two groups of mice,a study group (C3H/HeJ mice with mutant TLR4 gene) and a control group (C3H/HeN mice with normal TLR4 gene) were set up in cyclophosphamide-induced immuno-suppressed murine model with systemic candidiasis.Colony forming units (CFUs) of C.albicans were determined in infected kidneys and spleens with plating dilution method.Histopathological changes of infected kidneys were measured.In addition,levels of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in kidneys were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results CFUs of C.albicans were significantly higher in kidneys in the 1st day and 6th day after infection in the study group than those in the control group.Meanwhile,CFUs of C.albicans were significantly higher in spleens in the 1st day after infection in the study group than those in the control group.The scores of severity of infection,showed by histopathology,were significantly higher in kidneys in the 1st day and 6th day after infection in the study group than those in the control group(P

Objective: To describe the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptom and disorder in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in the general hospitals.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four main cities in China in 2004.359 eligible subjects with CHD were recruited from the outpatient or inpatient departments within six months.Face-to-face interviews were used in data collection together with the self-completed HAD scale for depressive and/or anxiety symptom screening.Subjects getting a HAD score of 9 and above were further assessed for depressive and/or anxiety disorders with HAMA scales and HAMD scales by the licensed psychologists or psychiatrists.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,depressive and anxiety symptoms,and total depressive and/or anxiety symptoms were 19.8%,16.7%,13.6% and 22.8% respectively in patients with CHD.Less than 4% of the subjects had been diagnosed or treated for the depressive or anxiety disorders prior to the investigation.In inpatients,the diagnosis and treatment rate was low to less than 1% during the current admission.Conclusion: It was noticeable to health care providers and health policy makers that there was high prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms and depressive and/or anxiety disorders,and low percentages of previous diagnosis and treatment in patients with CHD in general hospitals.

With the excellent merits of wide analytical range, high sensitivity, small sample size, fast analysis speed, good repeatability, simple operation, low mobile phase consumption, as well as its capability of simultaneous isolation and identification, etc, mass spectrometry techniques have become widely used in the area of environmental science, energy chemical industry, biological medicine, and so on. This article reviews the application of mass spectrometry technology in biological sample analysis in the latest three years with the focus on the new applications in pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence, toxicokinetics, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic, population pharmacokinetics, identification and fragmentation pathways of drugs and their metabolites and metabonomics to provide references for further study of biological sample analysis.

Objective To investigate the effects of the polymorphisms in the promoter of ATP binding cassette transporter (ABCG1) on the transcription activity,and the relationship of the polymorphisms with the susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods A case-control study was conducted,217 CADpatients and 142 controls were enrolled in this study.Thesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of ABCG1 were identified by sequencing.The promoter haplotypes of ABCG1 were determined with allele specific primer sequencing or Gene cloning sequencing.The transcription activity of the promoter haplotypes were evaluated with dual luciferase reporter system.The frequency of SNPs and haplotypes were analyzed between CAD group and the control group,premature CAD and non-premature CAD group,as well as multivessel lesion and single vessel lesion group.The frequency distribution was compared between two groups with x2 test or Fisher exact test.The difference of the luciferase activity was compared between groups by t-test or one-way analysis of variance.Results Only 3 SNPs were found in ABCG1 promoter sequence of about 1 000 bp upstream of the transcription start site,which are-384 (A/G),-204 (A/C) and-134 (T/G),respectively.The 3 SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium,Tajima's D =2.655 (P ＜ 0.01),which constituted 3 haplotypes.There was no significant difference in SNPs and haplotype frequency between the CAD group and the normal control group,and the severity of vascular disease and the early onset of coronary heart disease were not associated with the polymorphisms in ABCG1 promoter.There was no significant difference in the transcriptional activity of the three constitutive promoter haplotypes,but the transcriptional activity was notably elevated as the GAT haplotype was mutated into GAG (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The 3 SNPs identified in ABCG1 promoter region A did not alter the promoter activity.There was no significant correlation between the frequency distribution of SNPs and promoter haplotypes and the susceptibility to CAD.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture in preventing delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS).Method Sixteen healthy Japanese big ear rabbits were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 8 in each group. The treatment group was developed into models by intramuscular anesthesia on the 6th day after 5 days’ 20-min daily intervention of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation during a specific time period; the control group was developed into models by the same way on the 6th day but without electrical stimulation. The diameter of basilar artery was measured by using CTA prior to the electrical stimulation and after modeling in both groups, the plasma levels of ET-1, CGRP, and IL-6 were detected, and behavioral changes 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d after modeling were observed.Result After modeling, there was a significant difference in comparing the basilar artery diameter between the two groups (P<0.05). The plasma levels of ET-1, CGRP, and IL-6 in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the neural function scores 3 d and 5 d after modeling were markedly different from that 1 d after modeling (P<0.05). There were significant differences in comparing the neural function scores 3 d and 5 d after modeling between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Pre-intervention with electroacupuncture prevents and improves DCVS possibly via modulating the levels of ET-1, CGRP, and IL-6, and subsequently involving in anti-inflammation, immune inhibition, and vasodilation.

Objective To explore new treatment methods for old acromioclavicular dislocation. Methods Twenty-nine cases of old acromioclavicular dislocation were treated with augmenting reconstruction of acromioclavicular ligament by coracoacromial ligament and augmenting reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament by conjoining tendon with biceps brachii muscle and coracobrachialis muscle in coracoid. Twenty-five cases were followed up with follow-up period of 3-36 months. There were 10 cases in grade Ⅱ and 15 in grade Ⅲ according to classification of Allman. Results Of 25 cases with follow-up, 16 were excellent and 9 satisfactory according to the Lazzcano standard. There were no other complications or dislocations. Conclusions Reconstruction of acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments for treatment of old acromioclavicular dislocation is an efficient method with advantage of rigid fixation and accords with micro-motion physiological function of acromioclavicular joint.

Objective To elucidate the molecular basis for induced resistance of N. gonorrhoeae to ceftriaxone in vitro. Methods The reference strain ATCC49226 and clinical isolate ZSSY00205 of N. gon-orrhoeae were exposed to subinhibitory concentration of ceftriaxone for the induction of resistance. Then,suppression subtractive hybridization was performed with the pre-induction parent strains as drivers and post-induction mutant strains as testers to create a subtractive cDNA library. Following that, a total of 192 clones were randomly selected from the library, and arrayed by spotting onto nylon membranes. Finally, dif-ferentially expressed genes were screened by hybridization with labeled-RsaI restriction fragments from the sensitive and resistant N.gonorrhoeae strains respectively, and analyzed by sequencing and homology research using Blast program. Results A subtractive library for these resistant N.gonorrhoeae strains was generated by SSH technique. Microarray analysis and homology research confirmed 5 genes related to ceftriaxone resistance, i.e. mtrR, mtrC, gyrB, rpsJ and PJD1. Conclusions The induced resistance of N. gonorrhoeae to ceftriaxone may be associated with mtrR, mtrC, gyrB, rpsJ and PJD1 genes which probably mediate the resistance by enhancing the activity of efflux pump system.

Achieving the millennium development goals and world peace and development are closely linked objectives, and WHO having been made great achievements and progress in the health sector through its related ob -jectives.All health-related millennium development goals such as maternal and child health , HIV/AIDS prevention and control , malaria and tuberculosis , safe drinking water and sanitation , and foreign medical assistance had been basically reached in China .This success was mainly due to the government attention and commitment , legal protec-tion, health information technology-informatization, effective projects and measures , but there are still differences in health status between regions and population groups , and increasing needs of health services quality improvement and chronic diseases control and prevention should be paid great attention in the future .

Objective:To explore the relevant factors for remote diffusion-weighted imaging lesions (R-DWILs) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Two hundred and three patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019, were enrolled. According to the presence of R-DWILs, these patients were divided into positive group ( n=39) and negative group ( n=164). The basic information of R-DWILs in the positive group was analyzed. The basic demographic and clinical data and laboratory examination results were collected and compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the items with P<0.1 were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify the independent influencing factors for R-DWILs. Results:A total of 55 R-DWILs were detected in 39 patients (19.2%) with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, including 45 in the cortical and subcortical area (81.8%), 8 in the basal ganglia area (14.5%), one in the brainstem area (1.8%), and one in the cerebellum area (1.8%). The diameter of these lesions ranged from 2-20 mm, which were round or oval, flaky, irregular and so on. Forty-two R-DWILs (76.4%) were in the contralateral hemisphere, and the number of R-DWILs was 1-3 in these patients. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fasting blood glucose level in the positive group were significantly higher than those in the negative group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose level ( OR=1.632, 95%CI: 1.213-2.072, P=0.015), neutrophil count ( OR=1.037 , 95%CI: 1.019-1.581, P=0.042), and NLR ( OR=2.151 , 95%CI: 1.397-2.733, P=0.003) were independent influencing factors for R-DWILs. Conclusions:R-DWILs are common in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, the lesions mainly occur in the cortical and subcortical area, and it is more common in the contralateral hemisphere. Patients with high fasting blood glucose, neutrophil count, and NLR are trended to have R-DWILs.