Objective:To study the variation of recent bladder function of the patients who received radical hysterectomy and evaluate its significance. Methods:Sixty-three patients with cervical carcinoma in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO) stage IB1 to ⅡA received urodynamic examination before and after operation. The urodynamic parameters included filling cystometry, pressure-flow rate, and electromyography of sphinctienter. Results:Radical hysterectomy induced significant increase in the first sensation (P<0.01)and post voiding residual of bladder (P<0.01) ;whereas caused significant decrease in the maximum volume(P<0.01), compliance(P<0.01),maximum flow rate(P<0.01) and the pressure at the maximum flow rate(P<0.01), respectively, compared with the corresponding values before the operation. Short-term bladder dysfunctions were observed in 34 patients (54.0%) including bladder detrusor dysfunction, low compliance bladder, bladder outlet obstruction, dyssynergia of urethral external sphincter and detrusor overactivity. The incidences of low compliance bladder and bladder detrusor dysfunction increased significantly after operation (P<0.01). Urinary retention was found in 28.6%(18/63) patients. The incidences of bladder detrusor dysfunction (66.7% vs 20.0%) and detrusor overactivity (33.3% vs 4.4%) in the group with urinary retention were significantly higher than those of corresponding group without urinary retention. Conclusion:The bladder function had obvious short-term changes following radical hysterectomy. In the many types of bladder dysfunction the main dysfunctions were low compliance bladder and bladder detrusor dysfunction. The bladder detrusor dysfunction might be the major cause of the urinary retention following the surgery. Urodynamic test was important for post-operative analysis and treatment of bladder dysfunction.

Candida albicans is one of the major causes of invasive fungal infections and a serious opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. The antimicrobial peptide AMP-17 has prominent anti-Candida activity, and proteomic analysis revealed significant differences in the expression of cell wall (XOG1) and oxidative stress (SRR1) genes upon the action of AMP-17 on C. albicans, suggesting that AMP-17 may exert anti-C. albicans effects by affecting the expression of XOG1 and SRR1 genes. To further investigate whether XOG1 and SRR1 genes were the targets of AMP-17, C. albicans xog1Δ/Δ and srr1Δ/Δ mutants were constructed using the clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system. Phenotypic observations revealed that deletion of two genes had no significant effect on C. albicans growth and biofilm formation, whereas XOG1 gene deletion affected in vitro stress response and mycelium formation of C. albicans. Drug sensitivity assay showed that the MIC₈₀ values of AMP-17 against xog1Δ/Δ and srr1Δ/Δ mutants increased from 8 μg/mL (for the wild type C. albicans SC5314) to 16 μg/mL, while the MIC₈₀ values against srr1Δ/Δ: : srr1 revertants decreased to the level of the wild type SC5314. In addition, the ability of AMP-17 to inhibit biofilm formation of both deletion strains was significantly reduced compared to that of wild type SC5314, indicating that the susceptibility of the deletion mutants to AMP-17 was reduced in both the yeast state and during biofilm formation. These results suggest that XOG1 and SRR1 genes are likely two of the potential targets for AMP-17 to exert anti-C. albicans effects, which may facilitate further exploration of the antibacterial mechanism of novel peptide antifungal drugs.
Humans ; Candida albicans ; Antimicrobial Peptides ; Proteomics ; Peptides/pharmacology* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology*