Aim To investigate the role of cholesterol in the regulation of lipid raft and the function of platelets.Methods Using in vitro incubation of methyl β-cyclodextrin(MβCD)and in vivo elevation of peripheral blood total cho-lesterol levels to remove and load platelet cholesterol,respectively.Cholera toxin B staining combined with flow cytometry was used to detect platelet lipid raft content,fluorescence antibody staining combined with flow cytometry was used to detect the expression levels of P-selectin and activated integrin α Ⅱ bβ3,annexin Ⅴ labeling combined with flow cytometry was used to detect the level of phospholipid efflux,in vitro experimental system and rat tail bleeding experiment were used to detect platelet aggregation ability.Results The content of lipid raft on B lymphocytes decreased with the removal of cholesterol,while in vitro incubation of MβCD to remove platelet cholesterol significantly increased its lipid raft level(P＜0.05).Consistent with this,in vivo cholesterol loading increased the lipid raft content of B lymphocytes but decreased the lipid raft content of platelets(P＜0.05).The increase in lipid raft after removing cholesterol was not conducive to platelet activation and aggregation function.In vivo cholesterol loading downregulated platelet lipid raft content(P＜0.05),enhanced its ability to respond to low concentration stimulant for activation aggregation and coagulation,and this enhancing effect disappeared after cholesterol removal.Conclusion Platelet cholesterol is a key regulator of platelet lipid raft content and platelet function,which can negatively regulate lipid raft,promote platelet activation,and enhance their coagulation function.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate the best evidence for preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients.Methods:The guidelines, evidence summary, systematic review, expert consensus and randomized controlled trial on preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients were systematically searched on Guidelines International Network, Chinese Clinical Guidelines Library, Clinical Practice Guideline of Canadian Medical Association, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Yimaitong, New Zealand Guidelines Group, China Ambulatory Surgery Alliance, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Chinese Medical Journal Network, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, UpToDate, Cochrane Library, Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Healthcare Center Database, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Elsevier, Embase, Medline, WanFang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database and other databases. After conducting methodological quality evaluation, evidence was extracted and integrated based on the theme. The search period was from the establishment of the database to May 15, 2023. Two researchers trained in evidence-based knowledge conducted a rigorous literature quality evaluation, evidence extraction, and integration of all included literature.Results:A total of 12 articles were included, including two guidelines, six evidence summaries, three expert consensus and one randomized controlled trial. A total of 24 pieces of evidence were collected from five aspects, including evaluation timing and evaluation method, evaluation personnel, evaluation location, evaluation content, education and training, and quality improvement.Conclusions:The best evidence for preoperative evaluation and management of adult day surgery patients provides evidence basis for clinical medical and nursing staff to conduct preoperative evaluation and management comprehensively and effectively.

The genetic background such as copy number, integration site and chromosome karyotype of exogenous genes of transgenic animals obtained by random integration is still unclear. There may be some problems such as silent integration, invalid integration, toxic integration and unpredictable expression level of exogenous genes. In this study, six primary (F0) and their corresponding offspring (F1) of human lactoferrin (hLF) transgenic goats were selected as the research objects, and blood samples were collected from jugular vein and DNA were extracted. The genetic background and expression level of exogenous genes were studied by chromosome karyotype analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), ELISA and Western blotting. The chromosomes of six F0 transgenic goats had no obvious morphological variation, number change and other abnormalities. The relative copy number was different (2-16) and could be steadily inherited to the next generation. The copy number of F0 and F1 hLF gene was the same. The highest expression level of hLF was 1.12 g/L in F1 transgenic goats (L3-1, 8 copies). The results proved that the integrated exogenous genes could steadily inherit the next generation, and did not cause obstacles to the growth and development of transgenic goat individuals. Moreover, there was no obvious correlation between the number of copies and the expression level of hLF. This laid a foundation for the new varieties cultivation of transgenic goats and other transgenic animals, and analysis of genetic background.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods:The data of imported COVID-19 in Guangzhou reported as of April 1, 2020 were collected from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China. The software Excel 2010 and SPSS 19.0 were applied for data cleaning and statistical analysis.Results:As of April 1, 2020, a total of 103 imported COVID-19 cases had been reported in Guangzhou, in which 92 were confirmed cases and 11 were asymptomatic infection cases. The number of the confirmed imported cases accounted for 11.4 % (92/806) in of the total in China at the same time. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.58∶1 (63∶40). The median age of the cases was 31 years ( P 25- P 75:22-40 years), range of age was 11-63 years. The main occupational distributions of the cases were business services (41/103, 39.8 %) and students (36/103, 35.0 %). The imported cases whose destinations were 19 provinces and municipalities rather than Guangdong after entering the country accounted for 43.7 %. The main source countries of infections were the United Kingdom (27/103, 26.2 %), the Philippines (13/103, 12.6 %), the United States (13/103, 12.6 %) and Nigeria (7/103, 6.8 %). There were 34 inbound flights from which the imported COVID-19 cases were detected, in which 10 flights (10/34, 29.4 %) were found to carry more than 3 cases, with an average voyage time of (11.14±0.53) hours. A total of 29 imported cases(28.2 %) showed symptoms before entering the country, and 65 cases (63.1 %) had been isolated before the onset of the disease. The mean free activity time of the isolated cases after the onset was (6.76±0.79) days. The average number of the imported cases’ close contacts was 53. There were 13 clusters of COVID-19 caused by the imported cases, involving 36 cases (including 1 imported associated case). Conclusions:The sources of the imported COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou were widely distributed, and no cases had been found to be infected on the flights. In the early stage of the imported epidemic, there was high risk for the spread of the epidemic. Strengthened prevention and control of imported COVID-19 effectively reduced the of transmission risk of COVID-19 in communities.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of malnutrition in children and adolescents aged between 8 and 16 years in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province and to explore the impact of lower body mass index in early childhood on malnutrition in children and adolescents. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 2 188 students with complete data on weight and height from grade one in primary school to grade one in high school in Zhongshan were included in this analysis. Normal weight individuals with BMI lower than the 50th percentiles (P50) were defined as lower BMI, according to "Report on the Physical Fitness and Health Surveillance of Chinese School Students" in 2005. Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents in 2014 (WS/T 456—2014) was used to define malnutrition. Prevalence and incidence of malnutrition was calculated, and chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the incidence of malnutrition between children with BMI Results: The prevalence of malnutrition was 15.08% for children in grade one of primary school, which reached highest of 16.32% in grade two of primary school and decreased to 7.27% in grade one in high school. The annual incidence of malnutrition among students with normal weight decreased from 8.37% in grade two in primary school to 1.22% in grade one in high school. Boys with lower BMI in grade one in primary school had the incidence of malnutrition with 12.47% in grade two in primary school, while those with BMI ≥P50 had the incidence of 0.63%. Girls with lower BMI had higher incidence of malnutrition than those with BMI ≥P50. Conclusion Incident malnutrition between grade one in primary school and grade one in high school is more likely to occur in early childhood. Lower BMI in early childhood significantly increases the risk of malnutrition in children and adolescents. Malnutrition prevention should be implemented from early childhood, especially for those with lower BMI.

Objective To examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on plasma metabolites in pre-diabetes mellitus(PDM)subjects.Methods Twenty-five PDM subjects were selected,and each 10 age-and sex-matched with normoglycemia and new-onset T2DM subjects were enrolled.PDM subjects underwent aerobic exercise(n=13)or health education (n=12) for 12 weeks.The aerobic exercise was con ducted 3 times/week,50 min/time at 40％-60％ of oxygen uptake reserve.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to analyze the spectrum of plasma metabolites.Principal component analysis was employed to study the differences in plasma metabolite profiles between subjects with different glycemic level and between PDM subjects before and after aerobic exercise.Results After training,the body fat percentage,2-hour plasma glucose,and low density lipoprotein cholesterol of PDM subjects reduced significantly(by 4.6％,16.22％ and 9.27％ on average).Comparison of plasma metabolizers in PDM subjects before and after exercise revealed 31 differential metabolites,with 25 metabolites such as phosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylcholines,sphingomyelin and betaine increasing,and 6 metabolites,such as oleic acid and cytosine decreasing.Conclusion Aerobic exercise has a marked effect on the plasma metabolites in PDM subjects.Phosphatidylcholine,lysophosphatidylcholines,sphingomyelin and oleic acid may be the potential biomarkers of aerobic exercise improving the glycolipid metabolism in PDM subjects.These findings can help us better understand the mechanism of aerobic exercise preventing T2DM diabetes.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA NONHSA1254644 in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods 99 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and the adjacent tissues as well as clinical data was collected.The expression level was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Then the relationship between the expression level and the clinical parameters was analyzed.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to investigate its effect of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 on proliferation.Results The expression of NONHSA1254644 was down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma,and its expression was positively correlated with the differentiation of patients.The overexpression of NONHSA1254644 could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells.Conclusions NONHSA1254644 is involved in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

Along with the rapid development of biomedical technology and the clinical application of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ( ANCA ) , the detection of ANCA by indirect immunofluorescence ( IIF) and the detection of specific autoantibodies of ANCA by various immunological methods have also been developed , which promoted the standardization of ANCA′s laboratory testing procedures .These advances have brought new opportunities and challenges to ANCA′s laboratory testing technology and its clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effect of pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the process of contrast induced human kidney cell apoptosis.Methods Human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells were cultured in DMEM-F12 medium with 5％ FBS.Cells were divided into control group,Contrast group (O group),NLRP3-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-NLRP3+O group),ASC-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-ASC+O group),and mannitol group (M group).Different concentrations of hypotonic contrast agent were added to HK-2 cell culture plates for 24,48 and 72 h.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis.NLRP3 and ASC mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR.The expressions of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-8/cleaved caspase-8,Bcl-2/Bax,caspase-1/cleaved caspase-1,and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot.The levels of interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18 in supernatant were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the rate of apoptotic cells,as well as the expressions of NLRP3,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 proteins were increased in HK-2 cells of contrast group.The expressions of NLRP3 and ASC mRNA in the contrast group also increased,so did IL-1β and IL-18 levels (all P＜0.05),suggesting that NLRP3 inflammasome in HK-2 cells was activated by contrast.Compared with the control group,the expressions of cleaved caspase-8,Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein were increased,and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the contrast group,the rate of apoptotic cells in the si-NLRP3 + contrast group and si-ASC + contrast group was significantly decreased;the expression of cleaved caspase-1 was decreased;the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased,and Bcl-2 level was increased.The expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant of cells were decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Contrast agent can activate the NLRP3 pathway in HK-2 cells and induce apoptosis,which could be reduced by blocking the NLRP3 pathway.

BACKGROUND: It remains poorly understood whether anterior column quadrilateral wing plate exists to solve intraoperative multiple plastic and quadrilateral in vivo shift for treating acetabular anterior column and acetabular quadrilateral body fractures.OBJECTIVE: To figure out the promising application on measurement of anatomical character parameters when designing acetabular anterior column and acetabular quadrilateral body using Mimics software. METHODS: 60 pelvic CT scan data were collected and three-dimensionally reconstructed by Mimics software. The following anatomical character parameters were measured, including the angle between plane of arcuate line of true pelvis and plane of quadrilateral surface, the four boundary lines of quadrilateral body, and the thickness of substance of bone in quadrilateral region. The projection curve on quadrilateral surface of acetabular margin and dangerous zone for screw placement were both drew. Above all, the study attempted to find out the proper safe entry point of quadrilateral screw and to measure their leaning inside angles.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The angle between plane of arcuate line of true pelvis and plane of quadrilateral surface was not significantly different between males and females. (2) The minimum thickness of quadrilateral body in males was larger than that in females. (3) The maximum leaning angle flapper plate screw P1 and P2 for quadrilateral body was significantly smaller in males than in females, but that of screw P3 was not significantly different between males and females. (4) The application of Mimics software made it easier, more intuitive and more practical for the design or development of new plate for acetabular anterior column and acetabular quadrilateral body. The common points and difference between acetabular anterior column and acetabular quadrilateral body could be specifically described by the new anatomical character parameters, which are defined by bone surface features of pelvis.