Objective To explore the teaching effect of acute poisoning course among students majoring in rescue medicine. Methods From March to June 2013, 30 students majoring in rescue medicine were randomly divided into two groups for the clinical practice. Case-based learning was used in experimental group and cases was tracked from one department to another in chronological order or in reverse order to explore the cause of poisoning and the development of disease and to ob-tain the complete medical records of patients. Traditional rotating internship was used in control group. Poisoning cases in the department were taken as the starting point and end point and the medical records of patients were obtained. The clinical teaching effect was compared between the two groups through questionnaire survey and final examination. The data were calculated by SAS 9.2 software, mean comparison between the two groups was conducted by t test and enumeration data were analyzed by chi-square test. P<0.05 stands for statistically significant difference. Results The number of cases in the experimental group was more than that in the control group during the same internship period ((15±3) vs. (9±5),P<0.01). Skill score of experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group((79.1±6.9) vs. (66.2±6.7), P<0.01). Theory examination results between two groups had no obvious difference((88.4±5.7) vs. (87.8±6.3),P>0.05),however, theory examination results were increased significantly in this year compared with those of previous year((88.1±6.0) vs. (79.3±12.8), P<0.01). Questionnaire survey demonstrated that teachers and students' satisfaction were 95.3%(143/150) and 93.3%(140/150) respectively regarding the ten advantages of the track-ing type internship. Conclusions Tracking type internship with poisoning case-based learning is a good combination of lecture-based learning and problem-based learning. It is helpful to cultivate and exercise students' ability to apply the knowledge.

BACKGROUND: Traditional open surgery will do great damage to the patients with thoracolumbar fractures, and easily induces local degeneration. In contrast, the novel method is minimally invasive, which contributes to the functional recovery of the spine.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the essential procedures and precautions in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation.METHODS: Twenty-seven cases of single-level thoracolumbar fractures without spinal neurological deficits treated with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation were selected. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were observed. The Visual Analogue Scale scores during axial turning at baseline and 3 days postoperatively, and the Visual Analogue Scale scores of the operation region at 1 and 3 days postoperatively were detected, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Twenty-seven patients with 108 vertebrae underwent percutaneous pedicle screw fixation under the guidance of the needle, the puncture was smooth, 98 vertebrae was punctured successfully once, and 10 vertebrae were punctured successfully twice. (2) The Visual Analogue Scale scores during axial turning at 3 days postoperatively were significantly lower than those at baseline, and the scores of the operation region at 3 days postoperatively were significantly lower than those at 1 day postoperatively (P < 0.001). (3) The mean operation time was (109±18) minutes, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was (60±16) mL. (4) There were no nerve root injury and other complications. (5) Our results indicate that percutaneou pedicle screw fixation is a minimally invasive and safe method to treat the patients suffering single-level thoracolumbar fractures without spinal neurological deficits.

BACKGROUND:Previous research has demonstrated that preoperative hormone therapy relieved clinicaI and pathological stages of prostatic carcinoma patients,reduced positive ratio of incisaI margin:however,it did not increase disease-free surviva J rate.Worth of preoperative hormone therapy for prostatic carcinoma remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To assess the role of preoperative hormone therapy in localised prostate cancer.METHODS:Articles were searched from PubMed,Embase.Cochrane Library(No.4,2009),Chinese biomedicaf literature database,Chinese Scientific Journals full_text database,and Chinese Journal full-text database(published before October,2009).Randomized controlled trials which were diagnosed as Iocalised prostate cancer using pathology and cytology were included The sex and nationality were not limited.and patients did not have severe heart and lung diseases Prostatic carcinoma which occurred Later or repeatedly was excluded.Otherwise.randomized controlled trails which were coincidence with the inclusion criteria were also included.Review Manager 5.0 published by Cochrane was used for stafistical analysis.Overall survival rate.disease-free survivaI rate,positive surgical margin rate,positive lymph node rate.and seminal vesicle invasion rate were evaluated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSlON:Six randomized controlled trials totaling 1 027 padicipants were included.The result of meta analysis showed that there was no significant difference in overall surviva J rate[RR=0.94,95%C,(0.86,1.02)],disease-free survival rate[RR=1.02,95%CI(0.89,1.17)],positive lymph node rate IRR=0.86,95%CI(0.47,1.57)],and seminal vesicle invasion rate[RR=1.09,95%CI(0.74,1.59)]between single prostatectomy and preoperative hormone therapy plus prostatectomy,while there was significant difference in positive surgical margin rate[RR=0.46,95%CI(0.32,0.66)]This suggested that preoperative hormonal therapy prior to prostatectomy did not improve survival rate,positive lymph nodes rate and seminaI vesicle invasion rate:however.there was a significant reduction in the positive surgicaI margin rate.

Objective To evaluate the long-term safety of sentinel lymph node biopsy mapped by combination of indocyanine green and methylene blue in breast cancer patients.Methods 198 breast cancer patients with clinical negative axillary lymph node received sentinel lymph node biopsy mapped by combination of indocyanine green and methylene blue.Patients were followed up and regional lymph node recurrence,disease free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) were analyzed.Results After a median follow-up of 70 months,2 patients had ipsilateral lymph node recurrence with a regional lymph node recurrence rate of 1％ (2/198).14 patient had recurrence or metastasis and 6 patients died of distant metastasis.The estimated 6 years DFS was 94.4％ and OS was 96.5％.The incidence of arm lymphoedema within patients who received axillary lymph node dissection was 4.5％ and it was 2.5％ in patients who received sentinel lymph node biopsy.Conclusions The sentinel lymph node biopsy mapped by combination of indocyanine green and methylene blue was safe and reliable method for further staging axillary lymph node stastus.

Sweet potato is an important food crop that can also be used as an industrial raw material. Sucrose is the main form of long-distance carbohydrate transport in plants, and sucrose transporter (SUT) regulates the transmembrane transport and distribution of sucrose during plant growth and metabolism. Moreover, SUT plays a key role in phloem mediated source-to-sink sucrose transport and physiological activities, supplying sucrose for the sink tissues. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequences of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ were obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) cloning according to the transcripts of the two SUT coding genes which were differentially expressed in sweet potato storage roots with different starch properties. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to clarify the classification of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆. The subcellular localization of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ was determined by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. The function of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ in sucrose and hexose absorption and transport was identified using yeast functional complementarity system. The expression pattern of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ in sweet potato organs were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Arabidopsis plants heterologous expressing IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ genes were obtained using floral dip method. The differences in starch and sugar contents between transgenic and wild-type Arabidopsis were compared. The results showed IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ encoded SUT proteins with a length of 505 and 521 amino acids, respectively, and both proteins belonged to the SUT1 subfamily. IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ were located in the cell membrane and were able to transport sucrose, glucose and fructose in the yeast system. In addition, IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ was also able to transport mannose. The expression of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ was higher in leaves, lateral branches and main stems, and the expression of IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ was higher in lateral branches, stems and storage roots. After IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ were heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis, the plants grew normally, but the biomass increased. The heterologous expression of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ increased the soluble sugar content, leaf size and 1 000-seed weight of Arabidopsis plants. Heterologous expression of IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ increased starch accumulation in leaves and root tips and 1 000-seed weight of seeds, but decreased soluble sugar content. The results obtained in this study showed that IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ might be important genes regulating sucrose and sugar content traits in sweet potato. They might carry out physiological functions on cell membrane, such as transmembrane transport of sucrose, sucrose into and out of sink tissue, as well as transport and unloading of sucrose into phloem. The changes in traits result from their heterologous expression in Arabidopsis indicates their potential in improving the yield of other plants or crops. The results obtained in this study provide important information for revealing the functions of IbSUT₆₂₇₈₈ and IbSUT₈₁₆₁₆ in starch and glucose metabolism and formation mechanism of important quality traits in sweet potato.
Ipomoea batatas/metabolism* ; Arabidopsis/metabolism* ; Sucrose/metabolism* ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism* ; DNA, Complementary ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics* ; Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism* ; Starch/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

OBJECTIVETo identify the cause of an outbreak of foot pain syndrome among students from a senior high school in Foshan.

METHODSWe defined a suspect case as onset of foot pain/numbness with unknown reason among students and teachers in a school of Foshan city, from February 10 to March 16, 2014. A suspect case was noticed as having both food pain and numbness. All the cases were searched through reviewing medical records in the nearby hospitals and school's clinic, also the records of absenteeism in school. Clinical information was collected from all the students, using a standardized questionnaire. Daily temperature was collected from all the students, between January 1 and March 31, 2014. A 1 : 2 individual matched case-control study was conducted to identify related risk factors on this epidemic. We interviewed all the cases and controls on their diet, physical activities and measures used for warming.

RESULTSA total of 407 case-students were identified, with an attack rate (AR) as 26.5%. The AR was 37.3% in girls, compared to 12.9% in boys. The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 115.1, P < 0.01). Boarding students had a higher AR (31.8%) than the commuting students (16.2%). The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 43.2, P < 0.01). In girls, boarding students had higher AR (46.1%) than those commuting students (18.5%). The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 61.4, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between boarding or commuting students in boys. Outdoor temperature was coming down from 23 °C on February 6 to 6 °C on February 13, but gradually rose to 23 °C on February 28. There was a positive relationship (r = 0.65, P = 0.002) noticed between daily maximum temperature and the number of cases during February 13-28. Results from this case-control study showed that factors as lacking physical activities (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5-5.6), feeling cold in bed (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.3-7.0) and having experienced similar symptoms (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1-11.0) could increase the risk of this disease.

CONCLUSIONThis outbreak was possibly caused by the abrupt fluctuation of temperature within a short period.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pain ; epidemiology ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Students ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Syndrome ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Transportation ; statistics & numerical data