Animals ; Brain ; cytology ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; physiology ; Formaldehyde ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurons ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pain ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

To study the inhibitory effect of gigantol on proliferation, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma U20S cells and to explore the mechanism. Methods: After being treated with different concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 µmol/L) of gigantol for 24 and 48 h, the proliferation of U20S cells was detected by CCK-8 assay. Transwell assay was used to detect the effects of 25 µmol/L and 50 µmol/L gigantol on the migration and invasion abilities of U20S cells. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammatory reaction in U20S cells before gigantol treatment; qPCR and WB were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of NF-κB (p65), TNF-α, IL-6 and PRL-3, respectively. Results: Different concentrations of gigantol could all inhibit the proliferation of sarcoma U20S cells at different time (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The 25 µmol/L and 50 µmol/L of gigantol could significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma U20S cells (all P<0.01); at the same time, it could inhibit the protein expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and PRL-3 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). After LPS induction, the mRNA and protein expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and PRL-3 in U20S cells were significantly increased (all P<0.01); however, the consequent treatment with gigantol (25 and 50 µmol/L) reversed the effects of LPS on U20S cells obviously (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Gigantol can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma U20S cells, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of NF-κB/PRL-3 signaling pathway.

Honeysuckle flower is a traditional herbal medicine in China Through systemically sorting and studying literature of Chinese medicine, this article pointed out that leech used by the traditional Chinese medicine in ancient time has the features of twist vine, slight purple stem with clothing hair; opposite growing leaves, ovule shape with clothing hair on both side; two flowers growing from one pedicel, labiate corolla with 3.2 cm longth, flower grows from white color to yellow color, each branch axil grows only one pedicel, the involucre is ovoid shape, and the flower season is from mid-March to mid-May. Among all species of caprifoliaceae, only Lonicera japonica Thunb. meets these botanic features. Therefore, L. japonica Thunb. should be used as the orthodox species of herbal honeysuckle flower.
China ; Flowers ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; History, Ancient ; Lonicera ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; classification

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Baoshenling capsules.METHODS:Radix Astragali,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Ligusticum chuanxiong and Hirudo were identified qualitatively by TLC,and the content of diphenyl ethylene in Baoshenling capsules was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The characteristic TLC spots of Radix Astragali,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Ligusticum chuanxiong and Hirudo were identified accurately.The linear range of diphenyl ethylene was 0.176～0.880?g(r = 0.999 8) with an average recovery rate of 98.9%(RSD = 1.3%,n =6).CONCLUSION:The established standard is applicable for the quality control of Baoshenling capsules.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of compound plantain-senna granule (CPSG) in the treatment of functional constipation.

METHODSEighty patients with confirmed diagnosis of functional constipation were assigned to 2 groups. The 40 patients in the treatment group were treated with CPSG 5 g per day, while the 40 patients in the control group were treated with equal volume of starch granule, for 2 weeks totally. The defecating frequency and stool property, the scores of fecal discharge difficulty and accompanied symptoms, the gastrointestinal transmission time, and adverse reaction of treatment in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSParameters of defecating frequency, stool property, the scores of fecal discharge difficulty, accompanied symptoms and the gastrointestinal transmission time were unchanged after treatment in the control group (P > 0.05); while in the treatment group, they improved significantly (P < 0.05) and showed significant difference to those in the control group respectively (P < 0. 05). No serious adverse reaction occurred in both groups.

CONCLUSIONCPSG can obviously increase the defecating frequency, change the stool property, alleviate the fecal discharging difficult symptom and accompanied symptom, and shorten the gastrointestinal transmission time in patients with functional constipation with good security and tolerability.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cathartics ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Constipation ; drug therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plantago ; chemistry ; Senna Extract ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To determine the correlation of cardiovascular MRI with cardiac biomarkers and electrocardiography(ECG)in acute myocardial infarction(MI).Methods Nineteen patients with first acute MI were selected to undergo MRI on a 1.5 T system within 3-7 days after the onset of symptoms.A first-pass perfusion scan was performed with the administration of Gd-DTPA at a speed after cine MRI for global left ventricle(LV)funotions.Delay-enhanced MRI was performed by using an ECG-gated inversionrecovery fast-gradient echo-pulse sequence 5 to 10 minutes later with second bolus injection at a s peed.Infarct mass(IM),percentage size of infarction(PSI)and LV functions were compared with peak troponin T (peak TnT)and peak ereatine kinase-MB fraction (peak CK-MB).The 12-lead ECG was analysed for STelevation on admission.Pearson and Spearman correlation test and independent-Sample t test wel-e used for statistics.Results The IM (median 6.3 g) was correlated with peak TnT(median 0.8μg/L,r=0.487,P=0.0340)and left ventricle end-systolic volume index(LVESVI)(median 23.4 ml/m2,r=0.480,P=0.038).IM showed a negative correlation with left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF)(54.1±15.4)/(r=-0.563.P:0.012).The PSI(median 6.0/)was correlated with peak TnT(r=0.583,P=0.009),peak CK.Mn(median 43.0 U/L,r=0.470,P=0.042)and LVSV[(57.6 ±15.0)ml,r=-0.482,P=0.036],peak TnT was also correlated with LVSV(r=-0.524,P=0.021).There were more involved segments(IS)(t=2.972,P=0.009),higher peak TnT(t=2.245,P=0.041)and peak CK-MB(t=2.508,P=0.024)in ST-elevation MI(STEMI)than in non ST-elevation MI(NSTEMI).Conclusions IM directly influences LV functions in acute MI.Peak TnT was a better biomarker reflecting PSI and LV functions.There were more involved segments in STEMI than in NSTEMI.

With the advent of Twenty-First century, more and more genome-wide association studies (GWAS) showed that idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were closely related with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, such as the associations of abacavir-HLA-B*5701, allopurinol-HLA-B*5801, and carbamazepine-HLA-B*1502, etc. To explore the mechanisms of these idiosyncratic drug reactions, hapten hypothesis, danger signal hypothesis, pharmacological interaction (P-I) concept and autoimmune mechanism are proposed. In this paper, recent GWAS studies on the HLA-mediated adverse drug reactions and underlying mechanism are reviewed in detail.
Alleles ; Allopurinol ; adverse effects ; Anti-HIV Agents ; adverse effects ; Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Carbamazepine ; adverse effects ; Dideoxynucleosides ; adverse effects ; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome ; etiology ; immunology ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; genetics ; immunology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B Antigens ; immunology ; HLA-B15 Antigen ; immunology ; Humans ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; etiology ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the drug-resistant genes at hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase region during entecavir (ETV) treatment.

METHODSSerum samples from chronic hepatitis B patients with virologic breakthrough during enticavir therapy were studied. The resistant mutation patterns in the polymerase gene of hepatitis B virus were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequencing method.

RESULTSETV resistance was detected from 19 out of 29 ETV-refractory patients, among whom 16 (84.2%) had a history of lamivudine-refractory. The mutation patterns were diverse, while rtL180 + rtM204 + rtT184 (58.6%, 17/29) was most common in patients with ETV genotype resistance. Four of 7 patients (7/29, 24.1%) with genotype B were detected to have ETV genotype resistance, while 15 of 22 patients (22/29, 75.9%) with genotype C were detected to have ETV genotype resistance. The rate of ETV genotype resistance was 57.1% (4/7) and 68.2% (15/22) in patients with genotype B and genotype C,while no statistical difference was found(P = 0.665).

CONCLUSIONSETV genotype resistance is more common in patients who have been refractory to ETV and lamivudine sequential treatment. rtM204+rtL180+rtT184 mutation is common in genotype B and C ETV resistance patients.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B virus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; Young Adult

Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are widely distributed in different kinds of cells. TRP expresses highly in the prostatic cancer epithelia at different levels, but whether it expresses in chronic prostatitis epithelia or not remains poorly understood. Investigating the roles of TRP ion channels in the pathogenesis of prostatic diseases could afford us a new approach to their diagnosis and therapy.
Calcium Channels ; Calcium Signaling ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of Qilin Pills combined with clomiphene on idiopathic oligoasthenospermia.

METHODSWe randomly assigned 300 patients with idiopathic oligoasthenospermia to a trial (n = 156) and a control group (n = 144) to be treated with Qilin Pills (6 g, tid) combined with clomiphene (50 mg, qd) and clomiphene alone (50 mg, qd), respectively, both for a course of 12 weeks. Before and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of medication, we determined sperm concentration, the percentages of grade a and grade a + b sperm, sperm motility, and the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T), followed by evaluation of the clinical efficacy of Qilin Pills with the pregnancy rate in the patients' spouses as the secondaty therapeutic indexes.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, both groups of patients showed remarkably improved semen parameters and hormone levels after treatment (all P < 0.01). After 4, 8, and 12 weeks of medication, statistically significant differences were observed between the trial and control groups in sperm concentration ([17.06 ± 2.24] vs [15.07 ± 2.48], [22.10 ± 2.65] vs [18.11 ± 2.97], and [28.13 ± 3.59] vs [21.21 ± 3.60] x 10(6)/mL, P < 0.01), the percentage of grade a sperm ([15.03 ± 2.39] vs [13.08 ± 2.51], [21.08 ± 3.16] vs [16.04 ± 3.05], and [28.08 ± 4.70] vs [20.14 ± 4.74]%, P < 0.01), the percentage of grade a + b sperm ([30.10 ± 5.07] vs [26.21 ± 3.96], [38.08 ± 5.64] vs [30.07 ± 4.80], and [48.04 ± 6.49] vs [35.28 ± 4.77]%, P < 0.01), sperm motility ([42.04 ± 4.86] vs [40.29 ± 4.19], [52.05 ± 5.58] vs [48.03 ± 4.40], and [65.03 ± 5.13] vs [56.67 ± 4.99]%), the FSH level ([7.75 ± 1.38] vs [7.20 ± 1.17], [10.83 ± 1.23] vs [9.10 ± 1.32], and [14.22 ± 0.84] vs [12.06 ± 1.45] IU/L, P < 0.01), the LH level ([10.05 ± 1.68] vs [9.18 ± 1.54], [13.96 ± 1.68] vs [11.99 ± 1.71], and [19.01 ± 2.42] vs [15.86 ± 2.08] IU/L, P < 0.01) and the T level ([19.19 ± 192] vs [18.34 ± 1.79] [21.06 ± 1.63] vs [20.06 ± 1.56], and [24.63 ± 1.06] vs [22.03 ± 1.49] nmol/L, P < 0.01). The pregnancy rate in the patients' spouses was significantly higher in the trial than in the control group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks (1.92 vs 0.69, 4.81 vs 3.47, and 11.54 vs 8.33%, P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in drug tolerance between the two groups (P > 0.05). No obvious adverse reactions were observed.

CONCLUSIONQilin Pills combined with clomiphene can evidently improve the seminal quality and hormone level of oligoasthenospermia patients with no obvious adverse events. However, its long-term efficacy and tolerance deserve further clinical investigation.

Asthenozoospermia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Clomiphene ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fertility Agents ; therapeutic use ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Semen ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; Testosterone ; blood