The surgical intervention and criteria of severe acute pancreatitis has significantly changed in the last several years with the advent of enhanced imaging techniques and minimally invasive surgery.Many kinds of minimally invasive technologies which take laparoscopy as a representative are constantly applied to the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis and make its mortality and postoperative complication rate decrease obviously.However,there are many different ways using laparoscopic techniques to treat severe acute pancreatitis.In this review,the author will discuss the current status of the different approaches.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare glycyrrhetic acid derivatives-modified norcantharidin(NC)liposome(GDNL)and study its liver-targeting property.METHODS:Gal-GAOSt targeting molecules were synthesized to modify NC and prepare GDNL,with the parameters such as the entrapment efficiency and particle diameter,etc.investigated.Mice were enrolled to be injected with GDNL and NC water solution,respectively via vena caudalis followed by determination of NC concentration in different tissues to compute the targeting-index(TI)of GDNL in liver.RESULTS:The prepared GDNL had an entrapment efficiency of 56.29%,particle diameter of(210?20)nm and TI of 5.213 in liver.CONCLUSION:The prepared GDNL has high entrapment efficiency and remarkable liver-targeting property.

Objective To investigate the use of cardiopulmonary auscultation model in clinical skills teaching, and students' feeling about this teaching form. On the basis of this teaching model, we have reflected on the teaching mode. Methods Through the questionnaire survey, 145 medical stu-dents of grade 2009 were asked to investigate their learning experience about cardiopulmonary aus-cultation model and other aspects of it. Results There are 71.7% students liking cardiopulmonary auscultation model in teaching; 96.5% students can establish contacting abnormal cardiopulmonary auscultation signs with cardiovascular diseases after the training; There are 91.7% students thinking teaching hours about auscultation model is not enough. For the open question “what do you think is the difficulty of cardiopulmonary auscultation learning?” The representative answer is: I think car-diopulmonary auscultation is unable to recognize visual things. Conclusion Cardiopulmonary aus-cultation model can successfully improve the students' clinical skills and achieve good teaching effect. Students have a positive and supportive attitude to it.

The relationships between serum endothelin-1,calcitonin gene-related peptide and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury(HIBD) has been widely importance.Their respective functions,mutual relations and their relationships with HIBD has become a hot research.Understanding of their biological characteristics,mechanism and regulation of gene expression characteristics,is conducive to more in depth study on its pathogenic characteristics,provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Eustachian Tube ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Teratoma

BACKGROUND: The inheritance tendency and immunity imbalance of atherosclerotic brain infarction (ABI) have attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad, which suggests that immune mechanism plays a key role in ABI development. It has been found that ABI is related to polymorphism of human immune inheritance gene (HLA), particularly HLA-DR gene.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between HLA and ABI immune heredity.DESIGN: Single sample and single factor analysis.SETTING: Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University; Neurological Department of the First Hospital of Harbin City.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 31 patients in experimental group and 30 healthy people in control group, whose three generations were of the Han Nationality in north China and who had no blood relation, were selected from Department of Neurology in First Hospital of Harbin between January 1998 and December 2000.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Blood Research Center of Department of Neurology in First Hospital of Harbin between June and December 2003.5 mL peripheral blood in both groups was taken to extract genome DNA with the previous method. Human HLA gene map had been described at gene bank in the Internet, in which mono-nucleic acid obtained from HLA of the sixth chromosome were retrieved. Each DR and DQ allele, sense primer and antisense primer were composed selectively. Amplification of DNA fragment was checked respectively and specifically. The primer was provided by Shanghai Gene Research Institute. PCR instrument (4 800) and its related reagents produced by PE Company (the US) were used. Fourfold table exact probability method was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) and P value.which was obviously higher than that of other sites (P ＜ 0.05). However,associated with the ABI susceptible gene of the Han Nationality in north China.

Objective:To analyze ultrasonic and clinical manifestation of noncompaction of the ventricular myocardi‐um (NVM) in order to guide clinical early diagnosis and treatment .Methods :Echocardiographic manifestations of 36 NVM patients were observed .Combined with electrocardiogram (ECG) ,cardiac MRI and coronary angiography (CAG) etc .,clinical manifestations of NVM were comprehensively analyzed .Results:Multiple coarse trabecular muscles and deep crypts among them were founded in heart chamber in all cases .Color Doppler showed that blood flow inside the crypts communicated with blood flow in heart chamber ,there were 33 cases (91.6% ) of left ventri‐cle type and three cases (8.4% ) of right ventricle type .Different types of abnormal ECG existed in all cases and at‐rial fibrillation occupied the largest proportion (50% ,18/36) .Some MRI results were accorded with those of ultra‐sound .In most cases ,CAG didn′t show coronary stenosis .Conclusion : Echocardiography is most convenient and effective examination ,which can provide important basis for diagnosis and treatment of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium .

Objective To investigate the effect of Akt pathway inhibitor AZD5363 on cell proliferation and invasion of QBC939 and RBE cholangiocarcinoma cells and the mechanism.Methods Western blotting was used to detect Akt and downstream protein and mTOR protein expression in two cancer cell lines after process by AZD5363.Inhibition rate and cytotoxicity was tested by CCK-8 assay,and Transwell assay was used to evaluate the invasive ability of cancer cells.Results QBC9393 cell exposed to AZD5363 LD50 drug concentration (24 ±9) was significantly different compared with control group (t =4.47,P ＜ 0.05),RBE cells LD50 drug concentration (21 ± 8) was significantly different compared with control (t =4.41,P ＜ 0.05).Tumor invasion capacity of QBC939 in drug concentrations of 20 μmol/L (63 ± 12) and 0 μmoL/L (271 ± 27),the difference was statistically significant.RBE exposed AZD5363 upon drug concentrations of 20 μmol/L (58 ± 23) and 0 μmol/L (235 ± 21),the difference was statistically significant.AZD5363 promotes phosphorylation of mTOR in QBC939.Conclusions AZD5363 inhibits the proliferation and migration,inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream molecules.AZD5363 promotes phosphorylation of mTOR in QBC939.

Metabolic deregulation is a major essential feature in the development of cancer,wbich also correlates with invasion and metastasis of tumor.Metabolic characteristic of tumor cells which deviate significantly from those of normal cells.In this review,we summarize the research about the relationship between cellular metabolic abnormalities and capability of tumor's invasion and metastasis.

Unfavorable psychic reactions or psychological crisis always occur in patients preliminarily diagnosed with cancer.By analyzing the psychological activities and affecting factors,we try to discuss the measures of psychological crisis intervention for patients preliminarily diagnosed with cancer.