BACKGROUND:The mechanism underlying orthodontic-induced external root resorption is not yet clear, and it differs individual y. Kidney deficiency has been proved to be related to bone diseases which mediated by different cytokines. Interleukin-17 is an important cytokine involved in external root resorption. So figuring out whether kidney deficiency and interleukin-17 are related to root resorption wil be helpful for etiological research.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between kidney deficiency physique, interleukin-17 and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats.
METHODS:Thirty-six Wistar rats were selected and equivalently randomized into two groups, fol owed by modeled into kidney deficiency (kidney deficiency group) or injected with normal saline (control group), respectively. Afterwards, the right maxil ary of each rat served as an orthodontic force model, and the left maxil ary as a non-orthodontic force model. Al rats were respectively sacrificed under general anesthesia at the 3, 7 and 14 days after given orthodontic force. Then, the mesial surface of the root of maxil ary first molars and the expression level of interleukin-17 were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Histological observation showed that significantly increasing root resorption in a time-dependent manner could be observed, and there were various absorbed lacunae of osteoclasts on the enamel in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group. The alveolar bone resorption and widened periodontal membrane appeared in the control orthodontic force group. While no remarkable root and alveolar bone resorptions were found in the other two non-orthodontic force groups. The expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control orthodontic force group;the expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency non-orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control non-orthodontic force group. In conclusion, kidney deficiency patients are easy to develop root resorption, the mechanism of which is maybe relevant to the upregulation of interleukin-17.

Objective To investigate the value of plasma miR-22 in diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension ( IPAH ),and its role of regulation mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the disease.Methods Circulating miR-22 levels of IPAH patients and healthy controls were evaluated by RTPCR.The silico analysis of targets for miR-22 was taken, and followed by eGFP reporter assay for verification of predicted target gene Myc binding protein (MYCBP). Results Compared with healthy controls,the expression of plasma miR-22 in IPAH patients was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01 ).The area under curve (AUC) of ROC curve was 0.744.MYCBP was a real target of miR-22 confirmed by silico analysis and eGFP reporter assay. Conclusions The expression of plasma miR-22 was significantly decreased in IPAH patients,and it could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis.The miR-22 might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease through promoting its target gene MYCBP to activate the c-Myc pathway.

Tumor necrosis factor(TNF-alpha) plays an improtant role in the process of anti-infection and anti-cancer. It can both protect and make damage to the host. In order to find new way of inhibiting its host-damaging activity, An E. coli flagella displayed random peptide library was constructed and TNF-alpha antagonist peptides were screened using the peptide library. After 5 rounds of panning and DNA sequencing, six peptide sequences were obtained. Two of them(TBP2, TBP3) have the same sequence frame of V--N-WG. After primary comparation of TNF-alpha binding ability, four peptides were synthesised and purified with RP-HPLC. The activity of inhibiting TNF-alpha was detected with L929 cell and MTT method. The data show that TBP2 and TBP3 can inhibit 90% of TNF-alpha activity when TNF-alpha gives about 30% cell toxicity on L929. The two sequences have not been reported.
Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; antagonists & inhibitors

OBJECTIVETo research the application and clinical effect of titanium elastic nails (TEN) for the treatment of closed clavicular fracture in elder children.

METHODSFrom October 2010 to December 2012,16 elderly children with clavicular fracture of elder children were treated with internal fixation, including 9 boys and 7 girls with an average age of 14.2 yeats old ranging from 9 to 17 years. The mean time between injury and surgery was 2 to 6 days. Thirteen patients had a transverse fractures; 3 patients had a oblique fractures, excluding the long-oblique patients. Neer function score after 3 months follow-up and the shoulder activity degree after 3 weeks followed were compared respectively between the injured side and healthy side. Fracture reduction and healing were followed up by X-rays to analyze internal fixation with TEN technique.

RESULTSAll patients were healed well after surgery. There were 2 cases with soft tissue irritation. No cases of infection, TEN broken, delayed healing or skin bursting were observed. All patients were followed up for 3 to 10 months,with an average of 7.2 months. There were no significant differences (t=2.12, P>0.05) between the healthy side (98.75±2.70) and injured side(96.69±6.22)of Neer score at 3 months during followed up. The shoulder activity at 3 weeks during followed up was different between both sides (P<0.05). The intramedullary nail was removed after X-rays at 12-18 weeks during followed up showed good bone healing,and the shoulder function was recovered well.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation with TEN for the treatment of clavicular fracture has advantages of a limited invasion, beauty, safety and reliability. This technique provides an ideal fixation option for the treatment of clavicular fracture in elder children.

Adolescent ; Bone Nails ; Child ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Elasticity ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the parenteral administration of various quantities of amino acid in preterm infants.

METHODSPreterm infants (birth weight 1000-2000 g) recruited into the study were randomized into three groups. High amino acid group (HP): 2.4 g/(kg.d) of amino acid IV within 24 hours after birth increasing by increments of 1.2 g/(kg.d) to a maximum of 3.6 g/(kg. d); medium amino acid group (MP): 1.0 g/(kg.d) of amino acid IV 24 hours after birth, increasing by increments of 0.5 g/(kg.d) until a maximum of 3.0 g/(kg.d); and low amino acid group (LP): 0.5 g/(kg.d) of amino acid on D3, increasing by increments of 0.5 g/(kg.d) until a maximum of 3.0 g/(kg.d) as the final dose.

RESULTSTotally 96 preterm infants were recruited: HP 34, MP 32 and LP 30. There were no significant differences in demographic or clinical characteristics among the 3 groups. HP group showed lower postnatal weight loss (43.4 g, 95% CI 74.3, 12.6) and weight loss% (2.84%, 95% CI 4.79%, 0.71%) than LP group. HP group showed shorter length of stay in NICU (5.25 d), days to reach 2000 g (7.03 d) and days to tolerate 100 kcal/(kg.d) enteral nutrition (4.52 d) than LP group. Cost of hospitalization was significantly lower in HP group than in LP group (-6275 RMB, 1 US$=8 RMB) and MP group (-5715 RMB). Mean serum RBP (D4), threonine and tyrosine levels were significantly higher in HP group than in LP group. Serum insulin levels were similar; mean serum glucose level was lower in HP group than in LP group. HP infants had lower incidence of sepsis than LP infants (21.9% vs 40.0%). There were no significant differences in the levels of blood ammonia, acid-base balance (as determined by pH and NaHCO3-), BUN, Cr, AST, and ALT.

CONCLUSIONSIntensive and early administration of intravenous amino acid [2.4 g/(kg.d)] improves preterm infants' growth and the tolerance of enteral feeding. It also reduces the cost of hospitalization, and the incidence of sepsis.

Amino Acids ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Parenteral Nutrition

Objective To analyze variations of hepatic vein in healthy people with 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Seventy-five healthy subjects underwent multi-slice spiral computed(MSCT)hepatic venography.The anatomy of the junction of the hepatic veins with the inferior vena cava and the intrahepatic drainage territory of the hepatic veins and tributaries were evaluated.The hepatic veins were classified according to three anatomic classification(Nakamura's,Marcos's and Kawasaki's classification)methods respectively.Results There was a common trunk of the middle and left hepatic veins before joining the IVC in 86.7%(65/75)of the cases.In 13.3%(10/75)of the cases,the three main hepatic veins joined the IVC separately.The ratios of Nakamura's classification type A,B,C of hepatic veins were 49.4% (37/75),37.3%(28/75),and 13.3%(10/75)respectively.The ratios of Marcos's classification type A,B,C of hepatic veins were 56.0%(42/75),24.0%(18/75),and 20.0%(15/75)respectively. The ratios of Kawasaki's classification type Ⅰ,Ⅱ of hepatic vein were 40.0%(30/75)and 60.0% (45/75).Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT hepatic venography can provide visualization of peripheral hepatic venous branches in details.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of apple polyphenols extract (APE) in Triton WR-1339-induced endogenous hyperlipidemic model.

METHODSFirstly, APE was isolated and purified from the pomace of Red Fuji Apple and contents of individual polyphenols in APE were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Secondly, forty male National Institude of Health (NIH) mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 animals in each group. The Fenofibrate Capsules (FC) group and APE groups received oral administration of respective drugs for 7 consecutive days. All mice except those in the normal group were intravenously injected through tail vein with Triton WR-1339 on the 6th day. Serum and livers from all the mice were obtained 18 h after the injection. The changes in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) were measured by respective kits. Finally, expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) mRNA was measured by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. RESULTS SERUM TC AND TG LEVELS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN TRITON WR-1339-INDUCED MODEL GROUP COMPARED WITH THE NORMAL GROUP (P<0.01). ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF APE [200 AND 400 MG/(KG DAY)] DOSE-DEPENDENTLY REDUCED THE SERUM LEVEL OF TG IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE (P<0.01). SERUM LPL AND HTGL ACTIVITIES SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN TRITON WR-1339-INDUCED MODEL GROUP COMPARED WITH THE NORMAL GROUP (P<0.05). ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF APE [200 AND 400 MG/(KG DAY)] DOSE-DEPENDENTLY ELEVATED THE SERUM ACTIVITY OF LPL IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE (P<0.05 OR P<0.01). FURTHERMORE, COMPARED WITH THE NORMAL GROUP, HEPATIC MRNA LEVEL OF PPARα IN THE MODEL GROUP SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED (P<0.01). ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF APE [200 AND 400 MG/(KG DAY)] DOSE-DEPENDENTLY ELEVATED THE EXPRESSION OF PPARα IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE (P<0.05 OR P<0.01):

CONCLUSIONAPE could reduce TG level via up-regulation of LPL activity, which provides new evidence to elucidate the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of APE.

Animals ; Chlorogenic Acid ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; pathology ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; blood ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; PPAR alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Polyethylene Glycols ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tannins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects

The Tagsk1 (Triticum asetium L. glycogen synthase kinase 1) gene derived from the genome of wheat salt-tolerance mutant RH8706-49 was cloned by PCR. The special primers designed according to full length cDNA sequence of Tagsk1 (AF525086). A binary expression vector pBI121-gsk1 containing Gus and Tagsk1 was constructed. And pBI121-gsk1 was introduced into the callus induced from mature embryos of salt-sensitive wheat H8706-34 and cv. China Spring by particle bombardment. The transformed callus were screened by Kanamycin and 0.5% NaCl. The salt-tolerance callus were obtained, which showed higher ability of salt-tolerance and could diffirentiate roots and buds on the medium containing 0.5% NaCl.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Biolistics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Glycogen Synthase Kinases ; genetics ; Mutation ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Salt-Tolerant Plants ; genetics ; Seeds ; genetics ; Sodium Chloride ; metabolism ; Transformation, Genetic ; Triticum ; enzymology ; genetics ; physiology

In order to find a new TPO-mimic peptide with similar activity to TPO while reducing the side effects, a TPO-mimic peptide (P1) screened from a random peptide library was restructured. The new structure of the TPO mimic peptide (P2) was synthesized. After coupling P2 with Dextran 10 and performing intermolecular oxidation, dextran-coupled and dimerized form of P2 were obtained, naming D-P2 and (P2)(2) respectively. The activities of the peptides in vitro were measured with MTT method. The results showed that the EC50 of P2 was 20 nmol/L, 700 times higher than P1. The EC50 of D-P2 and (P2)(2) were 0.35 nmol/L and 0.14 nmol/L, respectively. After administrating to the mouse, the peptides increased the number of platelets in the blood circulation obviously without influence on other blood cells. In conclusion, the TPO-mimic peptides have prospects in treating diseases related with thrombocytopenia.
Animals ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Platelet Count ; Thrombopoietin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the methylation status in promoter region of norepinephrine transporter gene (NET, SLC6A2) in heart failure ( HF) patients and its correlation with qi deficiency/blood stasis syndrome (QDS/BSS).

METHODSThirty-six patients with heart failure (NYHA classification III to IV) were recruited in the study (as the heart failure group) and their scores of QDS/BSS were evaluated. Besides, a healthy elderly group (30 cases) and a healthy youth group (30 cases) were also set up. They were recruited from Physical Examination Center of Fujian Provincial Hospital. Pyrosequencing was applied to detect the methylation in promoter region of SLC6A2 gene, and the total methylation index (MTI) of CpG island was calculated. The correlation between the methylation status in promoter region of SLC6A2 and scores of QDS/BSS was assessed using Pearson and Partial analyses. Risk factors were screened and adjusted using Logistic regression.

RESULTSBy one-factor analysis of variance, the total MTI in the HF group (219.72% ± 54.03%) was obviously higher than that in the healthy elderly group (194.47% ± 34.92%) and the healthy youth group (161.60% ± 41.11%) (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the total MTI was higher in the healthy elderly group than in the healthy youth group (P < 0.01). By covariance analysis , after controlling age and BMI, the total MTI was higher in the HF group than in the healthy elderly group (P = 0.041), while it was higher in the healthy elderly group than in the healthy youth group (P = 0.016). Age was found to play an essential role in affecting MTI of SLC6A2 gene promoter region among the 3 groups (F = 16.447, P = 0.01). The total MTI was quite lower in the healthy youth group. Results of Partial correlation analysis showed MTI was positively correlated with scores of qi deficiency and blood stasis respectively (r = 0.494 and 0.419 respectively, both P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed after adjusting confounding factors, the relative risk (OR value) of total MTI of SLC6A2 gene in promoter region was 1.038 (95% CI, 1.006 to 1.071, P = 0.020).

CONCLUSIONSAbnormally elevated methylation of the promoter region of SLC6A2 gene is one of risk factors for HF. In addition, the degree of methylation of the promoter region of SLC6A2 gene was positively correlated with the severity of QDS/BSS.

Adolescent ; Aged ; DNA Methylation ; Heart Failure ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Qi