Objective To evaluate the dose distribution in clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) in three dimension therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue receiving postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or conventional radiotherapy (CRT) by dosimetric study. Methods Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were divided into CRT group(n=17) and IMRT group(n=18). All patients underwent head-and-neck immobilization with a thermoplastic mask and planning CT scan, and target volume and OARs were contoured. Dose calculation and plan optimization were performed. All three dimension plans passed quality assurance before treatment. The dosimetry of therapy plans with IMRT or CRT in target volume and OARs dose distribution was compared by dose-volume histogram (DVH), conformity index (CI) and homogeneous index (HI). Results There were significant differences in D95 (isodose line to cover 95 percent target volume), CI, HI, minimum dose and maximum dose in CTV of therapy plans between patients with IMRT and CRT(P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mean dose of CTV(P > 0.05). The radiation dose on salivary glands (both parotid glands and contralateral submandibular gland) in patients with IMRT was significantly lower than that in patients with CRT(P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared with dose distribution of CRT plans, there are more advantages in improving dose distribution at the target volume and sparing salivary glands in IMRT therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.

To investigate such physical indexes as hygroscopicity, angle of repose, bulk density, fillibility of compression of mixed powder of directly compressed auxiliary materials and fermented cordyceps powder by using micromeritic study methods. The results showed that spray-dried lactose Flowlac100 and microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH102 had better effect in liquidity and compressibility on fermented cordyceps powder than pregelatinized starch. The study on the impact of directly compressed auxiliary materials on the powder property of fermented cordyceps powder had guiding significant to the research of fermented cordyceps powder tablets, and could provide basis for the development of fermented cordyceps powder tablets.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Fermentation ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Powders ; chemistry ; Tablets ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To study the smoking status and revalent cause factors among medical college students in Nanchang and provide information for smoking control .Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 935 medical students by stratified cluster random sampling method .912 questionnaires were valid .The valid rate was 97 .540% .Results The total smoking rate was 14 .364% (131/192) .The smoking rate of male was higher than female(χ2 =49 .982 ,P<0 .05) .There was a great difference among different grades(χ2 =22 .503 ,P<0 .05) .There were many factors associated with smoking conducts ,in which older ,higher family income ,higher monthly cost of living ,allowing to smoking in the home were risk factors ,but mother′s educational level ,correct knowledge about the hazards of tobacco were protective factors .Conclusion The smoking rate of medical students is not high .The smoking status are influenced by many factors .Intervention should pay more attention to focus group and better prevent medical students from smoking .

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic arthrolysis for the treatment of elbow stiffness.Methods Totally 34 cases with elbow stiffness caused by trauma who needed to undergo arthroscopic arthrolysis were selected from General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command from October 2014 to February 2016.Among them,3 cases were lost to follow-up,and the other 31 cases were included in the study.All the patients were performed arthroscopic arthrolysis.Removed the hyperplasia of osteophyte and girdle,cleaned the articular cavity,restored the smooth of articular surface,and released the joint capsular and ligament around the elbow joint during the operation.Manipulation release was used coordinate with analgesia and rehabilitation therapy after operation.Mayo scores of elbow were used for function evaluation and range of motion(ROM) was collected.Results Patients were followed-up from 9 months to 12 months,(10.4±1.5) months on average.Before the operation,the mean maximal flexion angle of the elbow was (87.6±5.9)°,the extension angle was (35.5±6.4)°,the pronation angle was (75.9±9.6)°,the rotational angle was (67.2±7.4)°,and it was (125.9±6.5)°,(5.0±1.9)°,(82.0±9.1)°,(81.0±7.0)°respectively after operation,and the differences before and after opreation were statistically significant (P<0.05).The Mayo scores was (61.9±7.6) preoperatively and (88.8±4.7) postoperatively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Arthroscopic arthrolysis has the advantages of clear operative field,minimal invasion and rapid recovery.It can effectively improve the elbow joint activity and arthroscopic arthrolysis is an effective surgical treatment for elbow stiffness.

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of arthroscopy combined with Brostrom repair in the treatment for chronic ankle instability talofibular ligament injury.Methods From January 2012 to June 2015,42 cases of chronic ankle instability in our hospital were performed modified Brostrom repair.All the cases were evaluated by AOFAS scoring system.Results All the patients were followed up for 9 to 17 months,an average of (12.7±3.5)months.At the last follow-up,all cases could participate in normal daily running training mission.Activity levels of 2 cases with cartilage injury had a decline than before.The others were able to attend the confrontational training.Postoperative AOFAS score(88.4±4.9) increased compared with preoperative score (43.3±7.8),the difference was significant(P<0.05).ConclusionThe curative effect of arthroscopy combined with Brostrom repair in treatment of chronic ankle instability talofibular ligament injury is satifactory.It can be helpful to the wounded rapid rehabilitation and good for the popularization and application in basic-level hospitals.

This paper is aimed to study the effects of nitrogen form on the growth and quality of Chrysanthemums morifolium at the same nitrogen level. In order to provide references for nutrition regulation of Ch. morifolium in field production, pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse at experimental station of Nanjing Agricultural University. Five proportions of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen were set up and a randomized block design was applied four times repeatedly. The results showed that the growth and quality of Ch. morifolium were significantly influenced by the nitrogen form. The content of chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate were the highest at the NH4(+) -N /NO3(-) -N ratio of 25:75; The activities of NR in different parts of Ch. -morifolium reached the highest at the NH4(+) - N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100. The contents of nitrate nitrogen in the root and leaves reached the highest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 50:50. The activities of GS, GOGAT and the content of amylum increased with the ratio of NO3(-) -N decreasing and reached it's maximum at the NH4 + -N/NO3 - -N ratio of 100: 0. The content of ammonium nitrogen were the highest at the NH4 + -N /NO3 --N ratio of 75: 25, while the content of soluble sugar reached the highest at the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75. The content of flavones, chlorogenic acid and 3,5-O-dicoffeoylqunic acid were 57.2 mg x g(-1), 0.673% and 1.838% respectively, reaching the maximum at the NH4(+) -N /NO3(-) -N ratio of 25:75; The content of luteoloside increased with the ratio of NO3(-) -N increasing and reached it's maximum at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100. The yield of Ch. morifolium reached it's maximum at the NH4(+) -N /NO3(-) -N ratio of 25:75. Nitrogen form has some remarkable influence on the nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis and growth, Nitrogen form conducive to the growth and quality of Ch. morifolium at the NH4(+) -N /NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75.
Ammonium Compounds ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Chlorophyll ; metabolism ; Chrysanthemum ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Flowers ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Glutamate Synthase ; metabolism ; Glutamate Synthase (NADH) ; metabolism ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase ; Nitrates ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Photosynthesis ; drug effects ; Plant Leaves ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Stems ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective:Glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK) is clinically used for reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction(MI). It is known that ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) are the three major determinants for predicting the mortality after acute MI. The present work was designed to study the effects of GIK on BRS, ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular function in rats with coronary artery ligature. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and the myocardial infarction was produced by ligature of the left anterior descending artery. Five weeks after coronary artery ligation, BRS was measured in conscious state with a computerized blood pressure monitoring system and left ventricular function and electrocardiogram were determined in the anaesthetized state in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. It was found that GIK did not affect the blood pressure and heart period in both conscious and anaesthetized rats. GIK did not enhance BRS, but reduced ventricular arrhythmia and improved left ventricular function by reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure in anaesthetized rats with MI. It is proposed that reducing ventricular arrhythmia and improving left ventricular function contribute to the effect of GIK on reducing the mortality after MI.

Objective To investigate the danger of iodine excess for people in the downstream area of Yellow River in Shandong Province by describing the distribution of iodine excess water and the gorer of children Methods Water samples were collected from 5 villages of every town of Yuncheng,Jiaxiang and Dongchangfu Counties to determine the iodine of the water using arsenic cerium oxidation reduction method.In the 5 towns having water iodine in the range of 150～300μg/L,200 students aged from 8～10 years received the paJpation of thyroid,half of them were also measured of urinary iodine with As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium persulfate digestion method,and 50 of the 100 students further underwent thyroid B-ultrasound.Results Three counties all have high iodine towns.The medium of urinary iodine of 30 town8 in 56 towns was higher than 150μg/L Urinary iodine and sign detection were performed in 13 towns,where water iodine was between 150～ 300μg/L;the medium ofurinary iodine of 11 towns were higherthan 400μg/L,and 3 of the 11 towns were higher than 800μg/L.In all 13 towns,the goiter rate of the students aged 8 to 10 years exceeded 5%by palpation in 11 towns:exceeded 5% by B-ultrasound method in 9 towns.Conclusions There are areas of iodine excess in drinking water and iodine-excess endemic goiter prevails in downstream area of the Yellow River in Shandong Province.It indicates that iodine excess in drinking water has done severe harm in these areas. Active management should be taken to control this endemic disease.

Objective:Glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK) is clinically used for reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction(MI). It is known that ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) are the three major determinants for predicting the mortality after acute MI. The present work was designed to study the effects of GIK on BRS, ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular function in rats with coronary artery ligature. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and the myocardial infarction was produced by ligature of the left anterior descending artery. Five weeks after coronary artery ligation, BRS was measured in conscious state with a computerized blood pressure monitoring system and left ventricular function and electrocardiogram were determined in the anaesthetized state in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. It was found that GIK did not affect the blood pressure and heart period in both conscious and anaesthetized rats. GIK did not enhance BRS, but reduced ventricular arrhythmia and improved left ventricular function by reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure in anaesthetized rats with MI. It is proposed that reducing ventricular arrhythmia and improving left ventricular function contribute to the effect of GIK on reducing the mortality after MI.