MiRNAs have a close relation with the development of malignancy. As a new type of regulatory factor, miRNA plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors, and plays the role of oncogene or tumor suppressor gene. Abnormal expression of miRNA is found in tumors. Most of the abnormal expression of miRNA are related to tumor staging, malignancy, treatment and prognosis, which provides a new strategy for the evaluation of early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. The miRNA-183 family is composed of three types of miRNAs including miRNA-96, miRNA-182 and miRNA-183. They present abnormal expressions in tumors of digestive system, urogenital system and respiratory system. More and more researches have been done on the relationship between miRNA-183 family and tumor, and the mechanism has been deeply studied.

Objective Association between the 45T/G and 276G/T single nueleotide polymorphisms of adiponectin gene and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population was studied. Methods 20 studies consisting 22 ease-control comparisons about 45T/G polymorphism and nine case-control studies about 276G/T polymorphism that were based on our inclusion criterion and available in the literature were reviewed. Results Results from Meta-analysis demonstrated a large heterogeneity among the studies both on 45T/G and 276G/T polymorphisms and a significant association was observed between 45T/G polymorphism at exon 2 of the adiponectin gene and type 2 diabetes among the Chinese population. 45Gallele appeared to be one of the genetic risk factors for susceptibility to type 2 diabetes with a random effects odds ratio ( OR ) of 1.43 ( 95 % CI : 1.17-1.75 ), and the G allele carriers were more susceptible to the disease with an OR of 1.38 ( 95 % CI : 1.04-1.84 ). Results from Meta-analysis, however, showed no association between the 276G/T polymorphism and type 2 diabetes in the Chinese populationr while the random effects OR of the allele 276T to susceptibility of disease was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.61-1.13).Conclusion The current paper on Meta-analysis demonstrated a correlation between the 45T/G single nucleotide polymorphism and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population, which was different from the findings that such an association with 276G/T polymorphism could not be demonstrated in the same ethnic population.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on protein synthesis in rat cardiomyocytes exposed to gamma-ray irradiation.

METHODSPrimary cultured cardiomyocytes were irradiated with single-dose (20 Gy) gamma ray in the absence or presence of HGF (40 ng/ml) added in the cell culture 3 h before the exposure. Forty-eight hours after irradiation, the total cellular protein was measured and cell cycle analyzed by flow cytometry. The cardiomyoctes were also infected with AdGFP 48 h after irradiation and the fluorescence intensity of the green fluorescence protein (GFP) in the cells determined by flow cytometry 48 h after infection.

RESULTSThe protein synthesis was decreased significantly in the irradiated cardiomyocytes as compared with the control group (P<0.01), but was remedied significantly by incubation of the cells with HGF before the exposure (P<0.05). Flow cytometry revealed much lower mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of GFP in irradiated cardiomycytes than in cells without the exposure (P<0.01); The MFI was higher in HGF-treated cardiomyocytes than in cells without HGF treatment following the exposure (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGamma ray irradiation inhibits protein synthesis in cardiomyocytes, and HGF may attenuate this effect of gamma ray exposure for cardiomyocyte protection.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Gamma Rays ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUNDTrichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) represents the most important agent of dermatophytosis in humans. T. rubrum infection causes slight inflammation, and tends to be chronic and recurrent. It is suggested that it may result from the failure of epithelial cells to recognize T. rubrum effectively and initiate effective immune responses. The C-type lectin receptors (CLR) and toll-like receptors (TLR) are the two major pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize fungal components. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to analyze the expression of those PRRs and the cytokines in HaCaT cells stimulated with heat-inactivated T. rubrum conidia and hyphae, respectively.

METHODSHaCaT cells were unstimulated or stimulated with heat-inactivated T. rubrum conidia and hyphae (1×10(6) and 1.5×10(5) colony-forming unit (CFU) in 2 ml medium, respectively) for 6, 12 and 24 hours. The mRNA expression of PRRs involved in recognizing fungal pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and signaling molecules were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Meanwhile, surface toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) 24 hours after treatment. The cytokines were detected in cell culture supernatants of HaCaT cells in 12 and 24 hours after treatment.

RESULTSHaCaT cells constitutively expressed mRNA of membrane-bound TLR1, 2, 4 and 6, Dectin1 and DC-SIGN, but not Dectin-2 or Mincle. Heat-killed T. rubrum did not significantly upregulate gene transcriptions of the PRRs of HaCaT cells. Heat-inactivated T. rubrum conidia significantly reduced the surface expression of TLR2 and Dectin-1, and suppressed the secretions of interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) of HaCaT cells, while heat-killed T. rubrum hyphae significantly induced the secretions of IP-10 and MCP-1.

CONCLUSIONThe cell-wall antigens of T. rubrum fail to activate transcriptional expression of PRRs and induce a lower immune response of HaCaT cells by limited cytokines secretion.

Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; immunology ; Lectins, C-Type ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; genetics ; physiology ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; physiology ; Trichophyton ; immunology

Objective:To apply functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to analyze brain activity pattern of bilateral sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and premotor cortex (PMC) during complex dominant and non-dominant hand movement in healthy subjects. Methods:From August to December, 2019, 15 right-handed healthy residents were recruited. The block designed grip-release task was used in the subjects, and detected oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentration with fNIRS to analyze the activation of bilateral SMC, PMC and prefontal cortex in term of activation channels and intensity. Results:For the oxyhemoglobin concentration, the number of activated channels was the same in both hemispheres during right (dominant) hand movement, and the activation of left SMC was stronger (P < 0.05); however, more channels were activated in the right hemisphere during left (non-dominant) hand movement, and the activation of right SMC was stronger (P < 0.05). For the deoxyhemoglobin concentration, more channels were activated in the contralateral hemisphere during either dominant or non-dominant hand movement, and the activation of left SMC, Channel 12 (left PMC) and Channel 26 (right PMC) were stronger during right (dominant) hand movement (P < 0.05). Conclusion:It is feasible to use fNIRS to study the activation of hand movement related brain regions during complex movement of dominant and non-dominant hand, especially with the results of oxyhemoglobin concentration.

Neuroimaging technique is a kind of significant means to explore the mechanism of cerebral plasticity after stroke. Diffusion tensor imaging can be used to describe the structure of white matter fiber bundles and evaluate the degree of damage, but it cannot reflect the functional connections between different brain regions. Task-state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) can detect the activation of corresponding brain regions caused by specific tasks, but the test design is complex and demanding for subjects. Resting-state fMRI can analyze complex brain networks and reflect functional connections in different brain regions, but the method of data analysis is complex. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is another non-invasive method to reflect the functional activation of brain regions, in which temporal resolution is better than fMRI, but the spatial resolution is slightly lower. The combination of multiple detection methods may be an important research direction in the future.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of admission blood urea and creatinine levels on mortality in elderly patients with hip fracture.

METHODSForm January 2013 to December 2014, 767 elder patients with hip fracture were treated in our hospital including 253 males and 514 females, aged from 65 to 96 years old with an average of(75.67±6.81) years old. According blood urea and creatinine levels, the 767 hip fracture patients were divided into four groups as follow: group A(blood urea>=5 mmol/L, creatinine>=70 μmol/L); group B (blood urea>=5 mmol/L, creatinine<70 μmol/L); group C (blood urea<5 mmol/L, creatinine>=70 μmol/L); group D(blood urea<5 mmol/L, creatinine<70 μmol/L). In group A, there were 211 patients including 70 males and 141 females, aged from 65 to 95 years old with an average of(80.24±6.51) years old; in group B, there were 355 patients including 125 males and 230 females, aged from 65 to 93 years old with an average of(78.46±7.09) years old; in group C, there were 36 patients including 11 males and 25 females, aged from 65 to 95 years old with an average of (77.83±6.78) years old; in group D, there were 165 patients including 47 males and 118 females, aged from 65 to 96 years old with an average of (76.71±8.35) years old. The survivals and dead patients in four groups were collected and in-hospital mortality rate, 3-month, 12-month and 18-month mortality rate of patients were calculated. COX regression analysis was performed on these data, and clinical significance of serum urea and creatinine at admission in the elderly patients was researched.

RESULTSAll 767 hip fracture patients were followed up from 18 to 24 months with an average of (21.33±1.25) months, 159 patients were died in follow up period. The in-hospital mortality rate in 3-month, 12-month and 18-month mortality rate of the patients with high blood urea and high blood creatinine (urea>=5 mmol/L, creatinine>=70 μmol/L) were 2.37%, 9.95%, 16.11% and 26.07%, and were higher than other three groups respectively. COX regression analysis revealed that the independent predictors effecting the mortality rate included age [=0.000, OR=1.375, 95%CI(1.155, 1.637)], blood urea at admission [=0.000, OR=1.375, 95%CI(1.155, 1.637)], and blood creatinine at admission[=0.037, OR=1.213, 95%CI(1.121, 1.484)].

CONCLUSIONSElderly hip fracture patients with high serum urea and high serum creatinine at admission indicate higher fatality rate. Age, serum urea and serum creatinine at admission were independent predictors of fatality rate of elderly hip fracture patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the preventive effects of chest compression， abdominal compression and combined thoracoabdominal compression on propofol-induced respiratory depression during gastroscopy. MethodsA total of 544 patients underwent propofol sedation during gastroscopy in our hospital were randomly divided into 4 groups （n=136 each）： Group C （control group）， Group T （chest compression group）， Group A （abdominal compression group） and T&A （combined thoracoabdominal compression group）. Altogether 20 chest， abdominal and combined thoracoabdominal compressions were started respectively on patients in Group T， A and T&A before performing gastroscopy and after unconsciousness at a rate of 30 compressions per minute with a compression depth of 2~3 cm. The incidence of oxygen desaturation （SpO₂2<95%） and hypoxemia （SpO₂<90%） were compared among the groups. Incidence of gastroscope withdrawal and B-mode ultrasound assessment of diaphragm activity were observed. ResultsThere were statistical differences in the incidence of oxygen desaturation and hypoxemia among the four groups （P<0.05）. The incidence of oxygen desaturation in Group T and A were significantly lower than that in Group C （P<0.017）. B-ultrasonography revealed that the diaphragm activity in Group T and T&A were significantly higher than that in Group C （P＜0.01） and the patients in Group T had the highest diaphragm activity. ConclusionBoth chest compression and abdominal compression can reduce the incidence of respiratory depression induced by propofol in patients during gastroscopy， and chest compression is more effective.

The application of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) formula granules in clinical practice is gradually extensive. However, TCM formula granules is still lacking rapid and simple quality control standards. In this study, allele-specific PCR and enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA) was used for rapid detection of the quality of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos formula granules. The authenticity of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos formula granules was identified by allele-specific PCR and index component was detected by ELISA. Thus, it lays a foundation for the establishment of rapid quality detection standard for Lonicerae Japonicae Flos formula granules, and also provides reference for other studies on the quality standard of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Lonicera/chemistry* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Quality Control

The UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS metabolomics technique was used to determine the effect of deapio-platycodin D (DPD) on endogenous metabolites in lung tissues of mice with ammonia-induced cough, and to identify the metabolic regulatory pathways of DPD in its antitussive and expectorant activities. This work was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine (Approval No. JZLLSC-20190235). Metabolites were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS method and the metabolic pathways related to differentially-expressed metabolites were analyzed by the MetaboAnalyst platform. DPD significantly prolonged (P < 0.05) cough latency, reduced the number of coughs, and significantly increased (P < 0.05) phenol red excretion in ammonia-induced cough mice. Twenty-five metabolites related to cough and 38 metabolites related to sputum excretion were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS. Changes in the metabolism of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, glycerophospholipid, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and lysine degradation were evident with DPD treatment of ammonia-induced cough mice. Changes in the metabolism of linoleic acid, taurine and hypotaurine, glycerophospholipid, purines and pyrimidines, arachidonic acid and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids after DPD treatment were related to phenol red excretion. Linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism are common regulatory pathways by which DPD appears to exert its antitussive and expectorant activity. These metabolic pathways are closely related to anti-inflammatory pathways, immune function regulation, neurotransmitter release, cell signal transduction, energy metabolism and apoptosis. This study clarifies the antitussive and expectorant activity and mechanism of DPD.