[Objective]To explore the feasibility and safety of percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) and percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) treating osteolytic lesions of high thoracic vertebra with metastasis by one side extrapedicular approach,and to assess the clinical result of minimally invasive technique. [Methods]In March 2008,one patient(male,59 years old) with T1~3 vertebral metastases of lung cancer diagnozed 8 months ago was selected.The symptoms included extremely severe pain in upper thoracic spine and left should.The analgesic effect was limited for more than 6 months.There was no operative option.Domestic PKP and PVP tool systems were used in local anaesthesia.Under fluoroscopic guidance,T2 and T3 vertebral augmentation were separately completed by single side extrapedicular approach PKP and PVP.Clinical results were followed up and observed.[Results]The procedure was performed smoothly.T3 and T2 vertebrae were differently treated by PKP and PVP.T1 received no treatment because of patient`s intolerance.The operative time of T3 vertebral PKP was 57 minutes.The volume of injected bone cement was 1.9ml.The operative time of T2 vertebral PVP was 49 minutes.The volume of injected bone cement was 1.5ml.Extravertebral leakage of the polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) into the paravertebral itssue was found without clinical symptom,because osteolysis occurred in the left pedicle of T2 vertebra.There was no other complication.The patient was discharged 5 days after operation.The preoperative,2 days and 3 months postoperative follow-up VAS scores were 10,3 and 6.The patient's markedly pain could be controlled by analgesia.[Conclusion]One side approach percutaneous kyphoplasty is a safe and effective technique for treatment of high thoracic vertebral metastasis with markedly relief of pain.

Multi-target drugs attract increasing attentions for the therapy of complicated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, a computer-assisted strategy was applied to search for multi-target compounds by the pharmacophore matching. This strategy has been successfully used to design dual-target inhibitor models against both the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Based on two pharmacophore models matching and physicochemical properties filtering, one hit was identified which could inhibit AChE with IC50 value of (0.337 +/- 0.052) micromol x L(-1) and PARP-1 by 24.6% at 1 micromol x L(-1).
Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Computer-Aided Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors

To investigate such physical indexes as hygroscopicity, angle of repose, bulk density, fillibility of compression of mixed powder of directly compressed auxiliary materials and fermented cordyceps powder by using micromeritic study methods. The results showed that spray-dried lactose Flowlac100 and microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH102 had better effect in liquidity and compressibility on fermented cordyceps powder than pregelatinized starch. The study on the impact of directly compressed auxiliary materials on the powder property of fermented cordyceps powder had guiding significant to the research of fermented cordyceps powder tablets, and could provide basis for the development of fermented cordyceps powder tablets.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Fermentation ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Powders ; chemistry ; Tablets ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To establish a novel multiplex amplification system which comprises 24 Y-STR loci.Methods Total 24 Y-STR gene loci, concluding DYS531,DYS630,DYS622,DYS552,DYS510, DYS449, DYS459a/b, DYS446, DYS443, DYS635, DYS587, DYS527a/b, DYS460, Y-GATA-A10, DYS520, DYS557,DYS522,DYS481,DYS570,DYS385a/b,DYS444, were chosen for establishing the fluorescence multiplex amplification system. The specificity, identity, sensitivity, balance of the amplification, anti-in-terference and accuracy of the system were detected and the gene diversity was investigated in the popu-lation of Guangdong.Results No band was found in nonhuman and female samples that were tested by the established multiplex amplification system. The same genotyping results were obtained from different tissues of the same person. Complete profiles could be obtained from more than 0.1 ng of the standard sample 9948. The loss of alleles was found when the common inhibitors such as hemoglobin and calci-um ion were added 120-200μmol/L and 1.5-2.0 mmol/L respectively to the system which with a strong anti-interference to the indigo, humic acid and EDTA. The typing of 24 Y-STR system could give the reliable results when 146 unrelated male individuals were detected and compared with the Yfiler system parallelly. The haplotype diversity(HD)of the population in Guangdong reached 0.99972 that was better than the result retained from Yfiler system, which the HD was 0.99858.Conclusion The fluorescence amplification system with 24 Y-STR loci established in present study has a wildly application prospect and can be used for cases inspection, paternity tests and Y-STR database construction.

Objective This study is to analyse the clinical feature and risk factors of morbidity after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in patients older than 70 years. Methods The clinical records of 222 patients older than 70 years who had undergone pulmonary resection for their lung cancer was reviewed. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ including the patients who had severe postoperative complications, group Ⅱ including the patients who had mild complications and group Ⅲ including the patients who had no complications. Moreover, the definitions were made that group A1 = group Ⅰ+ Ⅱ , group B1 = group Ⅲ, group A2 = group Ⅰ and group B2 = group Ⅱ + Ⅲ. Univariate analyses and multivariate binary logistic regressions relating postoperative morbidity to risk factors were performed between the group Al and Bl, A2 and B2, resulting in the identification of the independent risk factors for overall morbidity and major morbidity. Results Preoperative comorbidity was recorded in 161 patients (72.5%). Lobectomy (64.9% ) was the predominant surgical procedure. The median number of dissected LN was 14, with the range of 0 to 57. The overall morbidity was 63.5% , including major morbidity of 13.5%. Perioperative mortality was 1.8% (4 cases). The results of binary logistic regression analyses indicated that the independent risk factors for overall morbidity were preoperative weight loss (P =0.020), ASA score (P＜0.001), MVV (% predicted) (P=0. 020 ) and the number of dissected LN ( P = 0.004 ). The independent risk factors for major morbidity were ASA score ( P =0.003), MVV (% predicted) (P= 0.018) and the location of tumor (P=0.007). Conclusion Preoperative weight loss and numbers of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes were risk factor for lung cancer patients older than 70 years, Proper perioperative management for the elderly patients with high ASA score, low MVV (% predicted) or central tumor, could reduce the major postoperative morbidity.

OBJECTIVETo observe the neurological protection effects of "paraplegia-triple-needling method" on rats with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), so as to make a preliminary exploration on its mechanism.

METHODSA total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into a paraplegia-triple-needling method group (group A), a regular acupuncture group (group B) and a model group (group C), 15 rats in each one. The rats model of incomplete spinal cord injury was established by modified Allen's method. The acupoints of governor vessel and back-shu points next to the vertebras of upper end and lower end of injured segment as well as motor points in key muscle of lower extremities were treated with acupuncture in the group A; the acupoints of governor vessel and back-shu points next to the vertebras of upper end and lower end of injured segment as well as "Huantiao" (GB 30), "Housanli" (ST 36), "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) and "Genduan"(Extra) were treated with acupuncture in the group B; rats in the group C received no treatment after model establishment but grabbing and immobilization. The needles were retained for 15 min in the group A and group B, once a day for 14 times. 1 d, 7 d and 14 d after model establishment, Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores were observed in each group; the morphologic change of injured spinal cord and expression of positive cells of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were observed. Results (1) One day after SCI, there was no significant difference of BBB scores among three groups (P> 0. 05); 7 days and 14 days after SCI, BBB scores in the group A and group B were significantly superior to those in the group C (all P<0. 05), and the BBB scores in the group A were superior to those in the group B ( both P<0. 05). (2) There was expression of CGRP positive cells in all three groups, and that in the group A and group B was significantly higher than that in group C (both P<0. 05); 14 days after treatment, the expression in the group A was higher than that in the group B (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe "paraplegia-triple-needling method" could obviously! improve the motor function of rats with SCI, especially the expression of neuroprotective factor CGRP, which is likely to be one of the mechanisms of neurological protection effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy

Objective Surgical approech differs between China and western countries in the treatment of middle/lower aegment thoracic esophageal cancer. This study was designed to compare the effects of different surgical modalities on traumatic reaction, heal-ing process and lymph node dissection.Methods Fifty-nine petients,diagnosed with middle/lower segment of thoracic esophageal cancer, were enlisted and had undergone curative RO esophagectomy.The patients were categorized based on different approaches as the following three groups:group of Ivor-Lewis operation,group of McKeown operation and group of esophagectomy through left tran-sthoracic approach.Clinical data was summarized and malyzed.Results (1)No surgical death was reported in this study.(2)There were no statistical difference among the three groups in tenms of postoperative hospital stay,diration of systemic inflammatory re-sponse syndrome and total body fluid loes (P=0.287,0.641,0.355).(3) The number of total lymph nodes harvested from the above three groups was 22.5(11-39),26(14-56).and 17(7-44)(P=0.005),respectively.The number of abdominal lymph nodes harvested from the above three groups was 10(5-26),12(4-32),and 8(3-19)(P=0.021),respectively.No statistical difference was found to the number of thoracic lymph nodes among three groups.(4)Lymph node metastasis occurred most frequently in the station of pericardial lymph nodes,followed by middle thoracic paraesophageal nodes along the left gastric ar-tery.The range of metastasized lymph nodes dissected through left transthoracic approach was much limited compated with right tran-sthoracic approach.Conchuslon The was no difference between left and right transthoracic approach in terms of surgical trauma and overall rehabilitation.The number of lymph nodes harvested from right transthoracic approach surpassed that from the left approach, which might be due to the extent of abdoominal lymphadenectomy.Considering wide range of lymph node metastasis,We recommedn a more extended lymph node dissection for middle/lower segment of thoracic esophageal cancer for the purpose of better local control control and survival benefit.

The target compounds were prepared from 5-aminobenzimidazolone by two steps reaction, and their AChE inhibitory activities were measured by Ellman method in vitro. The AChE inhibitory activity of compound 4d is the best of them, and its IC50 value is equal to 7.2 μmol·L(-1), which is better than that of rivastigmine; moreover the 4d had no inhibitory activities to BuChE. Therefore, the inhibitory activities of 5-aminobenzimidazolone derivatives to acetylcholinesterase are worth further researching.
Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Benzimidazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Phenylcarbamates ; chemistry ; Rivastigmine ; Structure-Activity Relationship

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of experimental conditions: Distribution of particulate and the filter condition on the pyrophosphoric acid method for quantitative analysis of free silica in dust.

METHODSAccording to Method for determination of dust in the air of workplace Part 3: Distribution of particulate (GBZ/T 192.3-2007) , Part 4: Content of free silica in dust (GBZ/T 192.4-2007) , the distribution of particulate of 5kinds of dust samples were observed. Different filter conditions were used to determinate the Content of free silica in the 4kinds ofdust samples: 1 filter paper, 2 filter papers, 3 filter papers, 2 filter papers with paper pulp in them.

RESULTSThe distribution of particulate of 4 kinds of dust sampleswere different. The order from high to low is defined with "I, II, III, IV, V" successively. For dust sample I, II, III, the results with different conditions increase successively (P<0.05) . The result in 2 filter papers with paper pulp were not significantly different compared with the reference value (P>0.05) . For dust sample IV, the resultin 1 filter paper were significantlylower thanthe reference value (P<0.05) . For dust sampleV, The results with different kinds of filter type were not significantly different (P>0.05) .

CONCLUSIONdifferent filter conditions should be considered according to thecontent of free silica and the distribution of particulate in dust sample. For the dust sample which has the higher content of free silica and the distribution of particulate, 2 filter papers with paper pulp in themis the better filter condition compared with the traditional way.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Diphosphates ; Dust ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Filtration ; Particle Size ; Silicon Dioxide ; analysis

In this paper, fourteen new L-proline derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their acetlcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities were also investigated in vitro. New L-proline derivatives were prepared from substituted 2-bromo-1-acetophenones through four-step reaction; and their bioactivities as AChE inhibitors were measured by Ellman spectrophotometry. The results showed that the target compounds had a certain AChE inhibitory activity to in vitro. The bioactivity of compound 8b was the best of them, and its IC50 value was 5.45 µmol.L-1, which was better than that of rivastigmine. So the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of new L-proline derivatives were worth to be further studied.
Acetylcholinesterase ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Proline ; analogs & derivatives ; Rivastigmine ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship