Objective To study the mechanism of miR-548a-3p targeting MMP-2 inhibits the metastasis and invasion of gastric cancer cells.Methods Bioinformatics were used to search those miRNAs targeting MMP-2.The level of miR-548a-3p in gastric cancer tissues were detected by qRT-PCR and the expression of MMP-2 were detected by Western blot.The level of miR-548a-3p in three reconstructed gastric cancer cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR and the expression of MMP-2 were detected by Western blot.miR-548a-3p targeting the 3'-UTR of MMP-2 were detected by Luciferase reporter assay detected.And the changes of ability of metastasis and invasion were examined by Transwell experiment before and after transfection.Results There were high expression of miR217 and low expression of MMP-2 in human poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell line BGC-823.There were low expression of miR-548a-3p and high expression of MMP-2 in human middle and high differentiated gastric cancer cell line MKN-28 and SGC-7901 (P ＜ 0.05).The result of Luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-548a-3p can targeting the 3’-UTR of MMP-2.There were high expression of miR-548a-3p and low expression of MMP-2 in MKN28-miR-548a-3p mimics.There were low expression of miR-548a-3p and high expression of MMP-2 in others reconstructed three cell lines.There were smaller invaded cells in SGC-7901-miR-217 mimics than in others three cell lines (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions miR-548a-3p can target the 3'-UTR of MMP-2 and down regulate its expression and inhibit the ability of invasion of gastric cancer cells.

In this paper, a detailed analysis was made on relevant literatures about bear bile powder in terms of chemical component, pharmacological effect and clinical efficacy, indicating bear bile powder's significant pharmacological effects and clinical application in treating various diseases. Due to the complex composition, bear bile powder is relatively toxic. Therefore, efforts shall be made to study bear bile powder's pharmacological effects, clinical application, chemical composition and toxic side-effects, with the aim to provide a scientific basis for widespread reasonable clinical application of bear bile powder.
Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Bile Acids and Salts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Powders ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Ursidae ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene - 173G/C is associated with severe preeclampsia.Methods Totally 124 severe preeclampsia patients and 160 healthy pregnant women (control group) were included in our study who were recruited consecutively from Affiliated Hospital of Qiugdao University Medical College between March 2010 and March 2011.The SNP was detected through SYBR Green PCR.The levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG),fasting insulin ( FIN),and serum total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride ( TG),high density lipoprotein (HDL) and light density lipoprotein (LDL) were determined in every participants.The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.The allele and genotype frequencies between severe preeclampsia patients and control group were compared.The FBG,FIN,body mass index (BMI),HOMA-IR,TC,TG,HDL and LDL in different genotype were compared.Results ( 1 ) The MIF - 173G/C SNP genotype frequencies of GG,CG,and CC were 62.1％ (77/124),30.6％ (38/124),7.3％ (9/124),the allelic frequencies of G and C were 77.4％ ( 192/248 ) and 22.6％ (56/248),respectively,in severe preeclampsia patients; the MIF - 173G/C SNP genotype frequencies of GG,CG,and CC were 64.4％ ( 103/160 ),30.6％ (49/160),5.0％ ( 8/160),the allelic frequencies of G and C were 79.7％ (255/320) and 20.3％ (65/320),respectively,in the control group.No significant differences were observed in the genotypes and allele distributions of MIF - 173G/C SNP between the severe preeclampsia patients and control group (all P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) The severe preeclampsia patients with CG and CC genotypes had higher BMI compared with the GG genotype [ (25 ±4) versus (22 ±4) kg/m2 ; t =3.96,P ＜ 0.05 ].( 3 ) The severe preeclampsia patients with CG and CC genotypes had higher FIN level and higher HOMA-IR compared with the GG genotype [ ( 15.7 ±2.9) versus ( 13.6 ±4.0) mmoL/L,3.3 ±0.5 versus 2.7 ± 0.6 ; t =3.17,t =5.58,all P ＜ 0.05 ].(4) There was no significant difference in FBG,TC,TG,HDL and LDL levels in severe preeclampsia patients with different genotypes (all P ＞0.05 ).Conclusions The present study suggests that the MIF - 173G/C SNP is associated with insulin resistance in severe preeclampsia patients.The CG and CC genotypes increase the degree of insulin resistance,but it is may not associate with susceptibility among severe preeclampsia patients of Han Chinese women.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene-rs1007888 and the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods A total of 120 GDM pregnant women (GDM group) and 165 healthy pregnant women (control group) from Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University were recruited from June 2011 to July 2012.Their age,gestational week,height and weight were recorded.The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FIN) were determined.Body mass index (BMI),the hemeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hemeostasis model assessment-β cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated.DNA was extracted from fasting blood samples.SNP of MIFrs1007888G/A was determined by DNA sequencing.The FBG,FIN,HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were compared between GDM group and the control group.They were also compared among pregnancies withdifferent genotypes.Results (1) GDM group had higher FBG,FIN and HOMA-IR levels,but lower HOMA-β than the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) MIF-rs1007888 SNP genotype frequencies of GG,GA and AA were 37.5％,45.8％ and 16.7％,and the allelic frequencies of G and A were 60.4％,39.6％ in GDM group; However,in the control group,the frequencies of GG,GA and AA were 26.1％,54.5％ and 19.4％,and the allelic frequencies of G and A were 53.3％,46.7％,respectively.The distributions of MIF genotypes in GDM patients were significantly different from the healthy subjects (P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference of MIF-rs1007888 allele distributions was observed between GDM group and the control group (P ＞0.05).(3) The FBG,FIN and HOMA-IR in pregnant women with GG genotype were statistically higher than those with GA or AA genotypes,while HOMA-β was lower in women with GG genotype (all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The SNP of MIF rs-1007888 was related to the insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell function of pregnant women.GG genotype of MIF-rsl007888 might be a genetic susceptible factor in the pathogenesis of GDM.

Based on the comparative analysis of current forms of Chinese medical education evaluation,the authors think that they should learn from each other and Chinese medical education will focus on close integrating self-assessment,government assessment and social assessment.

Methionine synthase (MS, EC2.1.1.13), a key enzyme in the folate metabolism area catalyzing methyl transfer from N5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine to give tetrahydrofolate and methionine, takes a core position in folate cycle, one-carbon-unit transfer and sculpture amino acid pathways. Cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase was purified from rat liver. The enzyme was purified 609-fold to near homogeneity by batch chromatography on DE-52, anion-exchange chromatography on Q Sepharose Fast Flow and CHT-I hydroxyapatite column and was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The enzyme activity was determined by spectrophotometric assay. In addition, the influencing factor and optimal reaction condition were performed. The steady state kinetic of rat liver methionine synthase was similar to that of other mammalian cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase which employed a Ping-Pong mechanism. The result indicated that cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase purified from rat liver is suitable for screening and studying methionine synthase specific inhibitors.

Objective:To analyze the change of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women,and to study the relationship between BMD and the estrogen,cytokines,and serum levels of bone metabolism.Methods: 135 postmenopausal women were divided into the OP group (n=54),Osteopenia group (n=43) and normal group (n=38) according to the results of lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) scan.To detected the concentration of serum estradiol (E2),bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin (BGP),tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and IL-10 of research objects in the three groups.And to analyze the relationship between BMD and the levels of E2,BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6,TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IL-10.Results: In the OP group and the Osteopenia group,BMD and the levels of E2,TGF-β1 and IL-10 were obviously lower than that in the normal group (P<0.05),and the levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were obviously higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05).When compared with the Osteopenia group,the BMD and E2 level in the OP group was more lower (P<0.05),and the levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were more higher (P<0.05).E2 and TGF-β1 showed the significant positive correction with BMD (P<0.05),and the BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were all negatively corrected with BMD (P<0.05).However,no significant difference of relevance was seen between IL-10 and BMD (P>0.05).The low serum E2 levels and high serum levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were the independent factors affecting the reduction of BMD (P<0.05).Conclusion: The E2 level in patients with PMOP decreased obviously,which caused the imbalance of bone remodeling and inflammatory reaction,and which was related to the decrease of BMD.

Vascular endothelium plays an important role in regulating vascular homeostasis. Over the past years, it has become clear that endothelial dysfunction is a key event of pathophysiological changes in the initiation and progression of injuries induced by extreme environmental factors. The present review summarizes current understanding of vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by hypoxia, cold and heat, and provides the information for prevention and treatment of environmental exposure injuries.
Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Environment ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Temperature ; Vascular System Injuries

Genechip was applied to explore gene expression profile of islets in rats at various stages of pregnancy. Compared with the normal control group, differential expressions of hundreds of genes were detected during pregnancy. Reg3α gene expression was markedly increased during pregnancy, which may be related to islet regeneration.

Objective: To explore the correlation between serum level of high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW-ADPN) and arteriosclerosis. Methods: Clinical data of 87 middle-aged and aged people living in home, who underwent health examinations in Xiangya second hospital from Jan 2011 to Dec 2011, were collected. According to carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) = 9 m/s, they were divided into group A (cf-PWV<9 m/s, n=21) and group B (cf-PWV≥9 m/s, n=66). Blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose etc. were measured and compared between two groups. Results: Compared with group A, there were significant rise in blood pressure, levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol, and significant reduction in levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), serum total ADPN and HMW-ADPN in group B, P<0.05 or <0.01. Multiple regression analysis indicated that serum HMW-ADPN (B= - 4.469，P=0.011), total ADPN ((B= - 3.965，P=0.012), HDL-C（B= - 2.077，P=0.015) and systolic blood pressure levels (B= 0.045，P=0.045) were independent predictors of cf-PWV. Conclusion: Serum high molecular weight adiponectin and total adiponectin levels may be protective factors against arteriosclerosis. Its role in predicting occurrence and development of arteriosclerosis is worthy of further study.