OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (HCN4) and connexin43 (Cx43) in the sinoatrial node of electric shock death. METHODS: As experimental group, 34 cases of electric shock death who had definite current mark evidence were selected from pathology department of Xuzhou Medical College from 2010 to 2013. As the control group, 20 cases of fatal severe craniocerebral injury in traffic accidents were chosen. The expressions of HCN4 and Cx43 in the sinoatrial node were observed by immunohistochemical technology. RESULTS: HCN4 positive cells expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the sinoatrial node. Cx43 positive cells expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of T cells and myocardial cells. The expression of HCN4 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05) and the expression of Cx43 was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The changes of HCN4 and Cx43 expressions in the sinoatrial node illustrate electric shock death might be related to the abnormalities of cardiac electrophysiology and conduction.
Connexin 43/metabolism* ; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels ; Heart Rate ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry/methods* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Sinoatrial Node/physiopathology*

Objective To evaluate the impact of resveratrol on coronary collateral circulation in pigs suffered from experimental acute coronary occlusion.Methods Eighteen healthy pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups:resveratrol group,nitroglycerin group and control group.Animal model of acute coronary occlusion was established through PTCA method,and the blood flow spectrum in the left circumflex artery (LGX) was detected using intracoronary Doppler ultrasound.Results The average peak velocity (APV) in infarction correlation artery (IRA) was significantly decreased immediately after coronary occlusion [ (0.85 ± 0.25 ) cm/s vs.( 24.83 ± 3.43 ) cm/s,P ＜ 0.05 ].The APV remained unchanged during 0,30 and 60 minutes after the occlusion.Reversed or bidirectional blood flow was observed and the APV increased significantly [ (9.22 ± 0.80) cm/s vs.(0.84 ± 0.21 ) cm/s,(8.93 ± 1.28) cm/s vs.(0.86 ± 0.26 ) cm/s respectively,P ＜0.05] after the coronary injection of resveratrol (2 mg) or nitroglycerin (0.3 mg).There was no significant difference in peak APV between the resveratrol and nitroglycerin groups.The duration of increased APV was significantly longer in resveratrol group than that in nitroglycerin group [ (58.83 ±6.15)min vs.(21.80 ±5.79)min,P ＜0.05].Conclusions The collateral circulation after acute coronary occlusion was obviously insufficient in pigs.Resveratrol could significantly improve the blood flow in coronary collateral circulation after acute occlusion in this model.

BACKGROUNDHistone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been reported to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The effects of trichostatin A (TSA) on gastric cancer cells have not been well characterized. This study was aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of TSA on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.

METHODSThe cells were treated with TSA and analyzed by cell proliferation assay, Western blot, TUNEL assay, flow cytometry by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with Annexin V and PI staining, immunofluorescence analysis, analysis of subcellular fractionation, gene chips and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTSTSA could inhibit cell growth and induced apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells through the regulation of apoptosis-related genes, such as Bcl-2, Bax and survivin. Further study indicated that the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk did not inhibit the apoptosis induced by TSA, and we did not observe the cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) after TSA treatment too. In addition, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and EndoG were found to translocate from mitochondria to nucleus in the immunofluorescence assay and the Western analysis of subcellular fractionation confirmed the result of immunofluorescence assay.

CONCLUSIONSThe apoptosis induced by TSA in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells involves a caspase-independent pathway.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspases ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; analysis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; analysis ; physiology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of radix and rhizome of Ligularia sagitta.

METHODIsolation and purification were carried out on the column chromatography of silica gel and sephadex LH -20. The structures were identified by spectral analysis.

RESULTSeven terpenoid compounds were isolated from the radix and rhizome of L. sagitta. Five of them are sesquiterpenoids, the structures were determined as 7alpha-hydroxy-9(10) -ene-1, 8-dioxo-6, 7-dihydrofuranoeremophilane (1), 1p, 10P3-epoxy-6beta, 8 beta-dihydroxy-eremophil7 (11) -en-12, 8alpha-olide (2) , 1-oxo-9-desoxycacalol (3), benzofuranoeremophil-l-ene (4) and bakkenolide (5); other two compounds belong to triterpenoid. 3p, 16P3-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-al (6) and lupeol (7).

CONCLUSIONCompoundsl-3 and 6 were: isolated from L. sagitta for the first time, and compounds 3 and 6 were obtained from Ligularia for the first time.

4-Butyrolactone ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Terpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the validity of single plane Simpson's method with conventional X-ray ventriculography for estimation of right ventricular (RV) volume.

METHODSFifteen human RV casts were obtained from 15 subjects who died from non-cardiac causes within 24 hours after death. These casts were photographed respectively and their volumes were calculated by using the single plane Simpson's method based on a new half-circle model. The actual RV cast volumes were determined by water displacement method.

RESULTSThe actual RV volume was (64.23 +/- 24.51) ml and the calculated volume was (58.04 +/- 24.45) ml. The calculated RV volume underestimated the actual volume by (6.19 +/- 12.38) ml, but there was no significant difference between the actual and the calculated RV volume (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the actual cast volume and the calculated volume (r = 0.983, P < 0.01). The regression equation was: RV actual volume = 1.074 x (RV calculated volume).

CONCLUSIONRV volume calculated by single plane Simpson's method with conventional X-ray ventriculography is accurate and deserves further study.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angiocardiography ; methods ; Cardiac Volume ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Ventricular Function, Right ; X-Rays ; Young Adult

Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; pharmacology ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; physiology ; Retinoid X Receptors ; physiology ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe changes of plasma polypeptide hormone levels in rats with gastric ulcer after exposure to intense noise, and to discuss their mechanism.

METHODS80 Wistar rats were used in the study. Plasma levels of rat gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), osteocalcin (BGP), substance P (SP), neurotensin (NT) and somatostatin (SS) in rats were measured by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTS(1) In non-noise-exposure but with gastric ulcer group, the plasma MTL [(160.70 +/- 40.34) pg/ml] and BGP [(27.63 +/- 13.13) pg/ml] levels on 10 d after gastric ulcer model operation were remarkably higher than those in control group [(89.21 +/- 49.94) pg/ml, (9.10 +/- 1.38) pg/ml respectively] (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), while the GAS level was remarkably descended [(107.00 +/- 21.75) vs (158.48 +/- 20.92) pg/ml] (P < 0.01). (2) In noise-exposure but without gastric ulcer group, the plasma MTL [(312.80 +/- 207.42) pg/ml] and BGP [(17.76 +/- 12.33) pg/ml] levels on 10 d were also significantly increased as compared with the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively), while the GAS levels didn't change. (3) In noise-exposure + gastric ulcer group, the areas of gastric ulcer on 10 d and 40 d after noise and operation [(15.33 +/- 7.26) and (15.11 +/- 12.45) mm(2) respectively] were significantly larger than those of the control [(8.22 +/- 6.66), (3.67 +/- 9.90) mm(2)] (P < 0.05). The plasma MTL levels on 10 d and 40 d [(244.44 +/- 68.11) and (191.20 +/- 60.50) pg/ml respectively] were higher than those in control group [(160.70 +/- 40.34) and (93.10 +/- 52.90) pg/ml respectively] (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIntense noise exposure may make the rat gastric ulcer worsened and induce negative effect on healing of it. The gastrointestinal endocrine would be disturbed by combined effect of intense noise exposure with gastric ulcer in rats.

Animals ; Male ; Noise ; Peptides ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stomach Ulcer ; blood ; etiology

Objective To explore the setting of logos on tobacco control information at outlets for retails and restaurants in 12 selected cities of China.Methods For all the shops for retail of tobacco,alcohol,food and restaurants under survey in 333 blocks of 12 cities (Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Qingdao,Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Suzhou,Nantong,Zhenjiang,Chengdu,Xining and Harbin),setting and contents of logos on tobacco control information,inside and outside them were examined.Results 45 700 objectives were included in the study.Among all types of retail shops,the identification rate of tobacco control information at the entrance and inside were 3.6％ and 4.4％,with an overall identification rate as 7.0％.The overall rate at the entrance of all the restaurants was 4.6％ which was larger than the ones at the retail shops.Our result showed that there were differences between cities and types of establishments and higher rates seen in the larger ones.Of all the places that having had placement of information on tobacco control,only 18.5％ of them had put them both inside and outside.Slogans or images on "No Smoking" were the main forms of information but less than 10％ of them would show signs as ‘exclusive non-smoking'.Conclusion Data from our survey showed that the identification rate of tobacco control information was at a low level in 12 cities,and differences were seen between cities,size of establishment,that called for improvement of the existing tobacco control policies in China.

Background Little information is available regarding the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) on the bumetanide-sensitive sodium-potassium-2 chloride cotransporter (NKCC2), the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC), and the Cl- channel (CLC)-K2 at both mRNA and protein expression level in Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertensive rats. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of Ang Ⅱ with chronic subpressor infusion on nephron-specific gene expression of NKCC2, NCC and CLC-K2. Results Ang Ⅱ significantly increased blood pressure and up-regulated NKCC2 mRNA and protein expression in the kidney. Expression of CLC-K2 mRNA in the kidney increased 1.6 fold (P<0.05).There were no changes in NCC mRNA or protein expression in AngII-treated rats versus control. Conclusions Chronic subpressor Ang Ⅱ infusion can significantly alter NKCC2 and CLC-K2 mRNA expression in the kidney, and protein abundance of NKCC2 in kidney is positively regulated by Ang Ⅱ. These effects may contribute to enhanced renal Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in response to Ang Ⅱ.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSA total of 57 PCa patients, 27 localized and 30 advanced, underwent transrectal HIFU with the Sonab- late 500, the localized group treated by transrectal HIFU only, while the advanced group by transrectal HIFU combined with androgen ablation.

RESULTSFor the HIFU treatment, the mean operating time, hospital stay and follow-up were 111 mm (ranging from 86 to 153 mm), 3.2 days (ranging from 2 to 18 days) and 18 months (ranging from 6 to 30 months), respectively. The biochemical disease-free rates at 1, 2 and 3 years in the localized group were 86%, 81% and 79%, respectively. While in the advanced group, the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was < 4.0 microg/L in 26 cases ( < 0.51 microg/L in 20) and the prostate volume decreased more than 50% in 21 cases after treated for an average of 8 months (ranging from 3 to 24 months). After transrectal HIFU prostate ablation, the prostate volume reduced, serum PSA lowered, Qmax raised and IPSS improved significantly (P < 0.05). No serious complications occurred including severe urethrorectal fistula and incontinence.

CONCLUSIONTransrectal HIFU is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy for patients with prostate cancer.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal