Objective To compare vacuum-assisted excision with periareola incision surgery for benign breast cancer.Methods One hundred and twenty one patients with benign breast nodules treated in our hospital from October 2014 to October 2015 were enrolled in the study,including 58 cases received vacuum-assisted excision (study group) and 63 cases received periareola incision surgery (control group).There were no differences in age[(30.2 ±5.4) vs.(32.1 ±6.2) years] and tumor diameter[(1.3 ±0.4) vs.(1.5 ± 0.3) cm] between two groups.Results There were no severe complications in both groups.Compared with the control group,the operation time was shorter] (20.4 ±4.7) vs.(48.2 ± 15.4)min,t =3.165,P =0.006],intraoperative blood loss was less [(18.4 ± 5.7) vs.(17.2 ± 3.7) ml,t =-0.297,P =0.672],malformation rate was lower [5.2％ (3/58)vs.22.2％ (14/63),x2 =7.27,P =0.007],incidence of postoperative hematoma was higher [20.7％ (10/58) vs.6.3％ (4/63),x2 =3.502,P =0.041],and the cost of surgery was more expensive(5 100 ± 300) vs.(3 400 ± 1 200) Yuan,t =2.181,P =0.023].Conclusion Comparing with conventional periareolar incision surgery,the vacuum-assisted excision has its advantages and disadvantages for treatment benign breast tumors,and two surgical modalities can be chosen accordingly.

Understanding of the classification of intracerebral hemorrhage may help to better manage the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Selecting the appropriate diagnosis and treatment measures as well as preventive strategies for different subtypes in order to improve the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and prevent the recurrence.This article reviews the present common classification methods of intracerebral hemorrhage studied and reported in the world.

Objective To investigate the survival rate, voiding, sexual function after nerve-sparing surgery with extended systematic extraperitoneal lateral lymphadenectomy in lower rectal cancer. Methods Three hundreds and ninety-two cases with advanced lower rectal cancer who underwent nerve-sparing surgery with radical dissection from 1996 to 2000 were reviewed. Among them,173 cases only cleared in abdominal cavity,219 cases coupled with extraperitoneal lateral lymphadenectomy. Results The metastatic rate of lateral lymph node was 17.8%(39/219),the rate of non-modal foci of metastatic disease in lateral out of the abdominal cavity was 5.9%(13/219).Local recurrence rate, the abdominal cavity group was 16.2%(28/173); the coupled group was 9.6%(21/219), P

score, prostate volume and peak urinary flow rate, correlate with BPH, but not with nocturia. Keeping a detailed urinary diary for the patients is beneficial for elucidating their urinary function and in decision-making of their treatment regimen.

Objective To measure wall shear stress (WSS) in common carotid arteries of normal subjects and patients with intima-media thickening and analyze the spatial distribution of low wall shear stress by quantitative analysis of blood flow shear stress visualization software.Methods Color Doppler flow images of common carotid arteries in normal subjects (control group) and patients with intima-media thickening (study group) were extracted from DICOM files.Two-dimensional distribution images of WSS,three-dimensional distribution images of WSS and the value of WSS in the common carotid arteries were obtained by this new algorithm.Then,the data and images of WSS were analyzed.Results WSS in the common carotid arteries of the control group were ranged from 4 to14 dyn/cm2.WSS in the common carotid arteries of the study group were ranged from 2 to 6 dyn/cm2.Compared to mean WSS values [(6.91 ±1.20) dyn/cm2] in common carotid arteries of the control group,mean WSS values [(2.87 ± 0.59)dyn/cm2] in common carotid arteries of the study group was significantly lower (t =17.828,P =0.000).Conclusions Low WSS areas have been emerged in local common carotid arteries in the patients with intima-media thickening.The reduction of WSS caused by local hemodynamic change might be related to common carotid artery intima media thickening.

Objective To investigate regional systolic function in left ventricle(LV) and postsystolic shortening(PSS) in patients with essential hypertension with different remodeling patterns of LV by strain and strain rate imaging. Methods According to the level of LV mass index and relative wall thickness, forty patients with hypertension were divided into LV normal geometry(LVN) group and LV remodeling(LVR) group, with thirty healthy subjects as control. The strain and strain rate were compared among the basal,middle and apex segments. Results Compared with control, systolic peak strain and strain rate in both groups of LVN and LVR were decreased significantly(P<0.05). Prevalence of PSS in LVR group (55%) was higher than that in LVN group(39%) and control(22%) with significant differences(P<0.01).Conclusions High prevalence of pathologic PSS in patients with hypertension could implied that unbalance of segmental motion in regional myocardial ischemia. However,presence of PSS in healthy subjects might be the result of synchronization and balance of normal myocardium under physical condition.

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic arthrolysis for the treatment of elbow stiffness.Methods Totally 34 cases with elbow stiffness caused by trauma who needed to undergo arthroscopic arthrolysis were selected from General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command from October 2014 to February 2016.Among them,3 cases were lost to follow-up,and the other 31 cases were included in the study.All the patients were performed arthroscopic arthrolysis.Removed the hyperplasia of osteophyte and girdle,cleaned the articular cavity,restored the smooth of articular surface,and released the joint capsular and ligament around the elbow joint during the operation.Manipulation release was used coordinate with analgesia and rehabilitation therapy after operation.Mayo scores of elbow were used for function evaluation and range of motion(ROM) was collected.Results Patients were followed-up from 9 months to 12 months,(10.4±1.5) months on average.Before the operation,the mean maximal flexion angle of the elbow was (87.6±5.9)°,the extension angle was (35.5±6.4)°,the pronation angle was (75.9±9.6)°,the rotational angle was (67.2±7.4)°,and it was (125.9±6.5)°,(5.0±1.9)°,(82.0±9.1)°,(81.0±7.0)°respectively after operation,and the differences before and after opreation were statistically significant (P<0.05).The Mayo scores was (61.9±7.6) preoperatively and (88.8±4.7) postoperatively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Arthroscopic arthrolysis has the advantages of clear operative field,minimal invasion and rapid recovery.It can effectively improve the elbow joint activity and arthroscopic arthrolysis is an effective surgical treatment for elbow stiffness.

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of arthroscopy combined with Brostrom repair in the treatment for chronic ankle instability talofibular ligament injury.Methods From January 2012 to June 2015,42 cases of chronic ankle instability in our hospital were performed modified Brostrom repair.All the cases were evaluated by AOFAS scoring system.Results All the patients were followed up for 9 to 17 months,an average of (12.7±3.5)months.At the last follow-up,all cases could participate in normal daily running training mission.Activity levels of 2 cases with cartilage injury had a decline than before.The others were able to attend the confrontational training.Postoperative AOFAS score(88.4±4.9) increased compared with preoperative score (43.3±7.8),the difference was significant(P<0.05).ConclusionThe curative effect of arthroscopy combined with Brostrom repair in treatment of chronic ankle instability talofibular ligament injury is satifactory.It can be helpful to the wounded rapid rehabilitation and good for the popularization and application in basic-level hospitals.

This study examined the osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) under the simulated in vivo conditions. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and rat osteoblasts were co-cultured and exposed to 50 Hz, 1.0 mT EMF for different terms. Unexposed single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were set as controls. Cell proliferation features of single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were studied by using a cell counting kit (CCK-8). For the co-culture system, cells in each group were randomly chosen for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining on the day 7. When EMF exposure lasted for 14 days, dishes in each group were randomly chosen for total RNA extraction and von Kossa staining. The mRNA expression of osteogenic markers was detected by using real-time PCR. Our study showed that short-term EMF exposure (2 h/day) could obviously promote proliferation of BMSCs and osteoblasts, while long-term EMF (8 h/day) could promote osteogenic differentiation significantly under co-cultured conditions. Under EMF exposure, osteogenesis-related mRNA expression changed obviously in co-cultured and single-cultured cells. It was noteworthy that most osteogenic indices in osteoblasts were increased markedly after co-culture except Bmp2, which was increased gradually when cells were exposed to EMF. Compared to other indices, the expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was increased sharply in both single-cultured and co-cultured groups when they were exposed to EMF. The mRNA expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was approximately four times higher in 8-h EMF group than that in the unexposed group. Our results suggest that Bmp2-mediated cellular interaction induced by EMF exposure might play an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between low serum calcium concentration and hematoma volume in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods Between January 2012 and October 2014,870 consecutive patients with intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University were enrolled prospectively.The patients completed laboratory serum calcium concentration and head CT examinations within 24 h after attack,and the baseline data and laboratory findings were collected.According to the normal reference value of laboratory serum calcium concentration,the patients were divided into a hypocalcemia calcium group (<2.1 mmol/L;n=193) and a normal calcium group (2.1-2.7 mmol/L;n=677).Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the blood serum calcium concentration and the hematoma volume on admission.Results (1) The hypocalcemia group compared with normal calcium group,the proportion of male patients was high (73.6% [n=142] vs.66.0% [n=447]),the median score for Glasgow coma scale was lower (9 vs.11),and the median hematoma volume was larger (33.86 cm3 vs.21.69 cm3).The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).(2) Spearman correlation analysis showed that the lower serum calcium level on admission was weakly negatively correlated with the volume of hematoma in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (r=-0.113,P<0.01).Conclusion The study suggested that the hypocalcemia on admission was mostly males in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage,the condition was serious,the volume of hematoma was larger,and the lower serum calcium concentration was negatively correlated with the hematoma volume.