Current cancer therapies, including chemotherapies and radiotherapies, can induce toxic side effects to normal tissues with low specificity to cancer cells and usually have limited efficacy as results of drug resistance. Phototherapies kill cancer cells under irradiation of light, preferably near-infrared light with high tissue penetration, and would normally show little toxic effect in the dark. Over the past decade, nanomaterial-based phototherapies have made tremendous progress worldwide. These therapies show remarkable results against cancer in many preclinical studies. This study reviews the recent achievements in the use of functional nanomaterials for photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photo-controlled therapeutic platforms and discusses future prospects and challenges in this field.

Objective To observe the effect of scalp needling at different time points on focal cerebral microcirculation in rats with focal ischemia and reperfusion ( I-R). Methods One hundred SD rats were randomized into normal group, sham operation group, model group and scalp needling group. The model group and scalp needling group were divided I-R 12, 24, 48 and 72 h subgroups according to the time of ischemia and reperfusion, 10 rats in each subgroup. The normal group had no oper ation, sham operation only had the operation for vessel isolation, and model group and scalp needling group received middle cerebral artery occlusion with thread. Scalp needling group also had electro-acupuncture on scalp points along vertex and temple anterior linea oblique and posterior linea oblique. And then we observed the neurological severity scores (NSS) and detected the cerebral blood flow ( CBF) in the focal ischemic brain with laser Doppler blood stream meter before I-R and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after I-R. Immunofluorescence method was used for counting the focal ischemic cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, and then the correlation of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells count with the cerebral blood flow volume was evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis. Results NSS in scalp needling group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Before I-R, the difference of CBF among the three groups was insignificant ( P>0.05). Except for reperfusion for 24 hours, CBF in scalp needling group was higher than that in the model group at different time points ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Microvascular endothelial cells count in scalp needling group was higher than that in the model group after reperfusion for 24, 48 and 72 hours ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). In the model group and scalp needling group, cerebral blood flow volume was positively correlated with microvascular endothelial cells count. Conclusion Scalp needling shows obvious effect on improving the microcirculation, increasing CBF and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells count, and promoting the recovery of ischemic tissues of rats after I-R.

In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOFMS) based on chemical profiling approach to evaluate chemical constitution between mixed decoction and co-decoction of monkshood-pinellia combination of the eighteen incompatible medications (Shi Ba Fan) was proposed. Two different kinds of decoctions, namely monkshood-pinellia co-decoction: water extract of the two herbs together, and monkshood-pinellia mixed decoction: water extract of each individual herbs mixed together, were prepared. Batches of these two kinds of decoction samples were subjected to UPLC/Q-TOFMS analysis, the datasets were processed with MassLynx 4.1 to holistically compare the difference between these two kinds of decoction samples. The most changed components during decocting were analyzed. Using the proposed approach, global chemical difference was found between co-decoction and mixed decoction, mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine were identified as the most changed components (changed most significantly) during decocting. Result shows significant difference between two kinds of decoction samples, and the significant differences are probably related to the incompatibility of monkshood and pinellia.

Community rehabilitation of cardiovascular disease is of great significance. Exercise therapy of cardiovascular disease in communities is necessary and feasible. At present, the main problems China faced to carry out community exercise therapy of cardiovascular disease include: cardiovascular patients with a weak sense of community exercise therapy, lack of professional rehabilitation personnel, inadequate community-based exercise therapy practice and lack of community rehabilitation funding. To solve above problems, we should strengthen the community exercise therapy practice of cardiovascular disease, and promote the cooperation between community rehabilitation and hospital rehabilitation. In all, comprehensive efforts should be made in order to solve the problems.

OJECTIVETo explore whether different acupuncture signals were afferent to the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) neuron and to find out their corresponding effect features through observing the effect of spontaneous discharge of cerebellar FN neuron by needling at different acupoints.

METHODSTotally 120 male SD rats were anesthetized by 20% urethane and their right cerebellar FN were positioned (AP 11. 6 mm, RL 1. 0 mm, H 5. 6 mm). Extracelluar discharge was recorded by glass microelectrode (AP: -11. 6 mm, R: 1. 0 mm, H: 5.7 -7. 0 mm), using extracellular microelectrode recording method, recording the spontaneous discharge of cerebellar FN neurons as a baseline. Random order of needling at zusanli (ST36), quchi (Lil1), weishu (BL21), and zhongwan (CV12) were compared with the baseline before each acupuncture. Their effects on the discharge of cerebellar FN neurons were observed and compared with baselines.

RESULTSThe frequency of FN neuronal discharge could be elevated by needling at zusanli (ST36), quchi (LiI), weishu (BL21), and zhongwan (CV12) (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). The response rate of needling at Zhongwan (CV12, 56. 00%) was higher than that of needling at Zusanli (ST36), Quchi (Ll1), and Weishu (BL21) (35. 00%, 34. 62%, 36. 63%, respectively) with statistical difference (P <0. 05). The response rate of needling at zhongwan (CV12) was obviously higher than that of needing at other points (F = 2. 101, P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSNeedling at zusanli (ST36 ), quchi (Lil), weishu (BL21), and zhongwan (CV12) could elevate the spontaneous discharge frequency of cerebellar FN neurons. Needling at Zhongwan (CV12) had advantageous roles in regulating cerebellar FN.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; physiology ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Neurons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The effects of magnolol (Mag) on hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia, hepatic oxidative stress and cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) activity of diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) were studied. After oral administration of Mag (25, 50 and 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for continuous 10 weeks, the blood glucose and lipids (TC, TG and LDL-C) levels, as well as the hepatic CYP2E1 activity and MDA content of diabetic rats, decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), whereas the oral glucose tolerance and hepatic antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT and GSH-Px) of diabetic rats, increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The results indicated that Mag was effective against the hepatic oxidative damage, hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia of diabetic rats induced by HFD and STZ, and the inhibition of Mag on hepatic CYP2E1 activity could be an important mechanism of Mag against hepatic insulin resistance and oxidative damage.
Animals ; Biphenyl Compounds ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Streptozocin ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective Too investigate the application value of procalcitonin(PCT)and high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)in early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia and disease condition assessment.Methods 48 patients with neonatal septicemia treated in the hospital from November 2011 to May 2013 were collected.The data of PCT,hs-CRP and blood culture were recorded and performed the comparative analysis with the serum PCT,hs-CRP detection results in contemporaneous 48 neonates without septicemia.Results The serum PCT and hs-CRP was 93.75% and 10.42% in the neonates with septicemia,which were signifi-cantly higher than 79.17% and 50% in the neonates without septicemia(P <0.05),the positive rate had statistical difference be-tween the two groups.Conclusion PCT and hs-CRP have remarkable change in the early stage of neonatal sepsis,the combination detection of serum PCT and hs-CRP can be used as the indicators for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis,moreover the sensitivity and specificity of PCT for diagnosing neonatal septicemia are higher the those of hs-CRP,their combined detection can provide fast and accurate diagnostic basis for clinic.

32P-HBV-DNA was used as a probe to determine HBV-DNA by molecular hybridization in the sera of 186 chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (ASC). The result of HBV-DNA determination correlated closely with that of the HBeAg/anti-HBe system.The viral DNA was detected in 51(82.2%)of 62 HBeAg (+) cases but only in 1 of 103 anti-HBe ( + ) cases. The prevalence of HBV-DNA was directly proportional to the P/N ratio of RIA for HBeAg. When the P/N was above 8.1. its detection rate was 95.0%; when P/N below 5.0. it was only 12.5%. HBV-DNA determined by molecular hybridization was deemed to be a more direct proof of viral replication in ASC.

Space flight training simulator is one of the important equipments for astronaut training on ground.Based on general international classification criteria,technology principle and engineering implementation of simulators developed in our country were introduced.The key technology of developing simulators was discussed.The prospect of development for future studies and applications were looked forward to.

AIM: To observe the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor 1 (VEGF-1) in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and VEGF-1 gene expression in lung tissue in rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and treated with heparin. METHODS: Twenty four male adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (8 rats each): a control group (group A), a group with hypoxia for 4 weeks (group B) and a group with hypoxia for 4 weeks and injected with heparin to abdominal cavity simultaneously (group C). Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) and vessel morphometry were measured. The morphology of pulmonary artery was observed by HE staining. The expression of VEGF-1 protein in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells was determined by immunohistochemistry. The level of VEGF-1 mRNA in lung tissue was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: mPAP, RVHI, pulmonary artery remodeling parameters, VEGF-1 protein expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and VEGF-1 gene expression in lung tissue of the three groups from high to low were group B, group C and group A. It was statistically significant when compared between either two groups of the three (P<0.01). Linear correlation analysis showed that VEGF-1 protein was positively correlated with pulmonary artery remodeling parameters (r=0.974, P<0.01), and VEGF-1 mRNA was positively correlated with VEGF-1 protein (VEGF 120 mRNA, r=0.919, P<0.01; VEGF164 mRNA, r=0.896, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Heparin may down-regulate the expression of VEGF-1 at the levels of transcription and translation, resulting in the inhibitory effect on rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.