Objective To investigate the polymorphism of seventeen Y chromosomal short tandem repeat(STR) loci in Dong,Miao and Zhuang nationality in Guangxi,China.Then to evaluate their forensic application.MethodsDNA was extracted from oral swab of minority population with magnetic beads method and then seventeen Y-STR loci were amplified with AmpFlSTR○R YfilerTM PCR Amplification Kit System.The PCR products were detected with 3l30XL Genetic Analyzer.The allele frequencies,diversity and genetic distance were calculated.Results The information of allele distribution and gene diversity of the 17 Y-STR loci were obtained from three minority population.Total 275 haplotypes were found in three minority population.The haplotype diversity of Dong nationality is 0.9972,Miao is 0.9966,Zhuang is 0.9964.The genetic distance between Dong and Miao nationality is most close.Conclusion The haplotype diversity of 17 Y-STR loci is quite sensitive in racial identification,paternity identification and human population genetics.

Current cancer therapies, including chemotherapies and radiotherapies, can induce toxic side effects to normal tissues with low specificity to cancer cells and usually have limited efficacy as results of drug resistance. Phototherapies kill cancer cells under irradiation of light, preferably near-infrared light with high tissue penetration, and would normally show little toxic effect in the dark. Over the past decade, nanomaterial-based phototherapies have made tremendous progress worldwide. These therapies show remarkable results against cancer in many preclinical studies. This study reviews the recent achievements in the use of functional nanomaterials for photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photo-controlled therapeutic platforms and discusses future prospects and challenges in this field.

Based on the associated theory of spleen-kidney deficiency about the traditional Chinese medicine and experimental research to discuss myasthenia gravis treated by integrative medicine.According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,the mechanism of myasthenia gravis is Qi deficiency of the spleen-stomach.Experimental studies showed supplementing spleen and kidney can improve ATP,muscle glycogen,fat content,other molecular biology material foundations,skeletal muscle cells under hypoxia and mitochondrial structure of animal models and patients,and therefore treat the deficiency of both spleen and kidney.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical application value of cone-beam CT (CBCT) online correcting technology in volume modulated radiation therapy (VMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHOD: Fifty NPC patients applying head neck and shoulder thermoplastic body membrane fixing device were eligible for treatment VMRT, these patients would accept a couple of CBCT scanning by on board imager (OBI) in a fixed time each week after initial setup and after online correcting during the first three week for radiotherapy, CBCT images and DRR images constructed by CT simulation were carried out registration,which could calculate the setup errors of initial setup and after online correcting. RESULT: Fifty patients were accepted 150 scanning after initial setup and 150 scanning after online correcting respectively, the errors after initial setup were (-1.24 ± 1.25)mm in X direction, (1.19 ± 1.85)mm in Y direction, (1.49 ± 1.70) mm in Z direction. The setup errors after online correcting were (-0.13 ± 0.29)mm in X direction, (0.10 ± 0.47)mm in Y direction, (0.17 ± 0.36)mm in Z direction. The setup errors after online correcting were significantly lower than the errors after initial setup in X direction (P < 0.05), Y direction (P < 0.05), Z direction(P < 0.05). The M(PTV) value after online correcting were 0.46 mm, 0.53 mm and 0.59 mm in X, Y and Z directions respectively. CONCLUSION The use of CBCT online correcting technology can significantly reduce the setup errors of VMRT for NPC and improve the treatment effect.
Carcinoma ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences in the expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin between high-risk prostate cancer and low- and medium-risk prostate cancer, and analyze their correlation with the age, serum PSA level, and Gleason score of the patients.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 42 cases of prostate cancer, which were divided into a low- and medium-risk group (group A, n = 15) and a high-risk group (group B, n = 27). We measured the expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin by immunohistochemical staining, compared their differences between the two groups, and analyzed their correlation with the age, serum PSA level, and Gleason score of the patients.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of E-cadherin was significantly higher in group A than in B (6.1 +/- 0.51 vs 4.2 +/- 0.37, P < 0.01), and so was its positive rate (73.3% vs 25.9%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of E-cadherin was also markedly higher in the patients with serum PSA < 20 microg/L than in those with serum PSA > or = 20 microg/L (66.7% vs 29.6%, P < 0.05), and so was it in the patients with the Gleason score 5-7 than in those with 8-10 (60.9% vs 21.1%, P < 0.05). On the contrary, the N-cadherin expression was significantly lower in group A than in B (3.7 +/- 0.32 vs 7.5 +/- 0.58, P < 0.01), and so was its positive rate (13.3% vs 59.3%, P < 0.01). The positive rate of N-cadherin was also remarkably lower in the patients with the Gleason score 5-7 than in those with 8-10 (26.1% vs 63.2%, P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the N-cadherin expression between the patients with serum PSA < 20 microg/L and those with serum PSA > or = 20 microg/L (P > 0.05), nor in the expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin between the patients aged > or = 70 years and those aged < 70 years (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin are significantly different between high-risk prostate cancer and low- and medium-risk prostate cancer, which suggests that both may correlate with the invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer as well as with the serum PSA level and Gleason score of the patients.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Based on the comparative analysis of current forms of Chinese medical education evaluation,the authors think that they should learn from each other and Chinese medical education will focus on close integrating self-assessment,government assessment and social assessment.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of Donepezil on dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate general paralysis of the insane(GPI).[Methods]Forty-seven patients with GPI were assigned into study group(n=24)or control group(n=23). All these patients were treated with a large dose of penicillin for 2 weeks and then with Benzathine for 3 weeks. And the Donepezil admin-istered to patients in study group.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and the clinical dementia rating(CDR)were scored as the measurement of efficiency.[Result]The scores of the MMSE and CDR were not statistically different between the two groups at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment,and both were increased 12 weeks after treatment(P<0.05),especially in study group as com-pared with those in control group(P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Donepezil as an adjunctive therapy may be effective for dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate GPI. Donepezil is also safe and well tolerated.

Vascular endothelium plays an important role in regulating vascular homeostasis. Over the past years, it has become clear that endothelial dysfunction is a key event of pathophysiological changes in the initiation and progression of injuries induced by extreme environmental factors. The present review summarizes current understanding of vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by hypoxia, cold and heat, and provides the information for prevention and treatment of environmental exposure injuries.
Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Environment ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Temperature ; Vascular System Injuries

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors regarding overall survival in locally advanced stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients after receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).Methods Each of 80 patients with locally advanced ESCC was treated by doxtel 135-175 mg/m2 d1 and cisplatin 40 mg/m2 d2,3 combined with radiotherapy 60 Gy.ECOG (0-1),tumor locations,tumor sizes,TNM classifications as well as the levels of CA199,SCC-Ag were detected before concurrent treatments and 4 weeks after treatment.The relationship wasanalyzed between the prognosis of disease and CA199,SCC-Ag levels.Each index was studied by Cox statistical regression analysis and P value was determined.Results All patients had completed 4 cycles' treatments successfully.The major adverse effects included neutrophilic granuloaytopenia,calvities,nausea,emesis and diarrhea.The severe effect was Ⅲ degree neutrophilic granuloaytopenia for 2 cases (2.5 ％),all the side-affect had recovered after symptomatic treatments.The median survival time were 50 months and 72.5 months in the patients who were greater than 60 year-old and less than or equal to 60 year-old,respectively (P =0.004).Regarding to 5-year overall survival,the figures were 73.3 ％,69.4 ％,41.7 ％ and 0 in the patients with cT1-2N1M0,cT3N1M0,cT4NoM0 and cT4N1M0 classification,respectively (P =0.024),they were 42.9 ％,70.0 ％,and 60.9 ％ in the patients with upper thoracic esophagus,middle thoracic esophagus,and lower thoracic esophagus,respectively (P =0.971),they were 100 ％ in the patients with ECOG 0 and 54.1％ in the patients with ECOG 1 (P =0.044),they were 86.7 ％ in the patients with CA199≤37 kU/L,and 52.0 ％ in the patients with CA199 more than 37 kU/L (P =0.008),they were 95.5 ％ in the patients with SCC-Ag≤ 1.9 μg/L,and 53.4 ％ with ＞1.9 μg/L (P =0.012).Conclusion For ESCC patients treated with CRT,the age,TNM stage,ECOG,CA199 and SCC-Ag levels are independent forecasting factors regarding their overall survival.

Objective To explore the changes of mTOR signaling in LPS/D-gal-induced acute hepatitis in mice . Methods Twenty-six healthy adult female ICR mice were divided into two groups:the control group and experimental group, 13 mice in each group .LPS/D-gal was used to induce acute hepatitis in the mice .The survival of mice was moni-tored within 24 hours after LPS/D-gal challenge .At 6 hours after challenge , samples of serum and liver tissue were collect-ed for further analysis.Results Injection of LPS/D-gal resulted in acute death of the mice within 24 hours.At 6 hours post LPS/D-gal injection , the blood levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased .The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines Tnfa and Il6 was up-regulated in LPS/D-gal-induced hapatitis , in which DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 were subsequently observed .Immunoblot analysis showed that both mTOR pathway and NF-κB pathway were ac-tivated.Unexpectedly , inhibition of mTOR signaling could neither decrease the apoptosis in the liver nor increase the sur -vival of mice .Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that mTOR signaling may play pleiotropic roles in the pathogenesis of LPS/D-gal-induced hepatitis .