Objective To investigate the expression of the interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R)Ⅰ,IL-1RⅡand IL-1R accessory protein(IL-1RAcP)in osteoarthritis and analyse their biological significance.Methods Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain raction(RT-PCR)were adopted to detect the expression of IL-1RⅠ,IL-1RⅡand IL-1RAcP on the synovium of 107 OA patients.Results Immunohis- tochemistry showed strong positive expression of IL-1RⅠand IL-1RAcP,and positive expression of IL-1RⅡ. The expression was distributed in lining cells,monocyts and vascular endothelial cells of the sublining area, but all of them were negative or weak positive in normal synoviums.RT-PCR showed the expression of IL-1RⅠ,IL-1RⅡand IL-1RAcP in OA synoviums was significantly enhanced than normal synoviums (P＜0.05),and the expression of IL-1RⅠwas significantly enhanced than IL-1RⅡ(P＜0.05),but no sig- nificant difference with IL-1RAcP(P＞0.05).In stageⅡandⅢOA synoviums,the expression of IL-1RⅠand IL-1 RAcP had no significant difference with normal synoviums(P＞0.05).The expression of IL-1RⅡin stageⅢOA synoviums was significantly enhanced than normal(P＜0.05).Conclusion IL-1RⅠ,IL-1RⅡand IL-1RAcP play significant roles in the pathogenesis of OA,especially IL-1RⅠand IL-1RAcP.But their increase is only observed in the early stage of OA.These suggest that they may have no association with the development of OA and have no direct association with the severity of OA.OA can be cured by interrupting the signal transduction path in which IL-1 has played biological roles.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hexanes ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; blood ; Occupational Diseases ; blood ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; blood ; chemically induced

AIM:To investigate the effect of sodium hydrosulfide(NaHS)on cardiac function and activity of renin-angiotensin(Ang)-aldosterone(ALD)system(RAAS)in the rats with chronic heart failure(CHF).METHODS:The CHF rat model was established by abdominal aortic coarctation.SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,low dose of NaHS group and high dose of NaHS group(n=6).The left ventricular end-diastolic di-ameter(LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)were measured before and after treatment by echocardiography in each group.The levels of renin,AngⅡand ALD in the plasma were measured by ELISA.The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)and angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R)at mRNA and protein levels in the myocardium tissues was determined by qPCR and Western blot,respectively. RESULTS:After treatment with NaHS,compared with model group and before treatment,LVEDD and LVESD in low dose of NaHS group and high dose of NaHS group were decreased significantly, while LVEF was increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with low dose of NaHS group,LVEDD and LVESD were decreased,while LVEF was increased in high dose of NaHS group(P<0.05).Compared with sham operation group,the levels of renin,AngⅡand ALD in the plasma of model group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the expression of ACE and AT1R at mRNA and protein levels in the myocardium tissues of model group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the plas-ma levels of renin,AngⅡand ALD in low dose of NaHS group and high dose of NaHS group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),and the myocardial expression of ACE and AT 1R at mRNA and protein levels was significantly down-regulated (P<0.05).The plasma levels of renin,AngⅡand ALD,and the myocardial expression of ACE and AT 1R at mRNA and protein levels in high dose of NaHS group were significantly lower than those in low dose of NaHS group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:NaHS inhibits the activation of RAAS,thus improving the cardiac function of CHF rats,and the effect of high-dose NaHS is better than that of low-dose NaHS.

OBJECTIVE: To screen the effective target sequences of laryngeal carcinoma related gene LCRG1 using RNAi. METHODS: PCR site mutation method was used to reconstruct pSuper vector. Five pairs of siRNA sequences designed by siRNA software were annealed and inserted into the reconstructed pSuper vector. The reconstructed pSuper 362,398,432,789,903,and pSuper vectors were transfected into Hela cell lines and selected with the appropriate drugs to get resistant and pool cells, respectively. The colonies were identified by RT-PCR or real-time RT-PCR analysis. The silence effects were observed by cloning formation analysis. RESULTS: pSuper vector was reconstructed to restore Bgl II restriction enzyme sites using PCR mutation. The RT-PCR or real-time RT-PCR Results of pool clones showed 362, 398, and 432 pool clones all had better effects of LCRG1 gene-silence, especially 362 pool clones. The expression level of LCRG1 mRNA of selected 362 group anti-puromycin clones A2 and A5 was decreased. The Results of clone forming efficiency revealed that the cellular proliferation in A2 of 362 group was significantly higher than that of the vector and control Hela cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The reconstructed pSuper vector is successfully constructed. The 362 group has better gene silence and has 2 effective 362 group anti-clones, suggesting that methodology has important values in studYing the function and molecular mechanism of LCRG1.
Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Silencing ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the leptin resistance mechanism of Xiaoyan Decoction (XD) in lung cancer cachexia (LCC) rats.

METHODSAn LCC rat model was established. Totally 40 rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the LCC model group, the XD group, and the positive control group, 10 in each group. After LCC model was set up, rats in the LCC model group were administered with normal saline, 2 mL each time. Rats in the XD group were administered with XD at the daily dose of 2 mL. Those in the positive control group were administered with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate suspension (20 mg/kg) by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 2 mL. All medication lasted for 14 days. The general condition and tumor growth were observed. Serum levels of leptin and leptin receptor in the hypothalamus were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Contents of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and anorexia for genomic POMC were detected using real-time PCR technique.

RESULTSSerum leptin levels were lower in the LCC model group than in the normal control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Compared with the LCC model groups, serum leptin levels significantly increased in the XD group (P < 0.01). Leptin receptor levels in the hypothalamus increased significantly in the LCC model group (P < 0.01). Increased receptor levels in the LCC model group indicated that either XD or Medroxyprogesterone Acetate could effectively reduce levels of leptin receptor with statistical significance (P < 0.01). There was also statistical difference between the XD group and the positive control group (P < 0.05). Contents of NPY was higher in the LCC model group than in the other groups with statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in NPY between the normal control group and the rest 2 treatment groups (P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in POMC between the normal control group and the LCC model group (P < 0.05). POMC could be decreased in the XD group and the positive control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), and it was more obviously decreased in the XD group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLeptin resistance existed in LCC rats. XD could increase serum leptin levels and reduce leptin receptor levels in the hypothalamus. LCC could be improved by elevating NPY contents in the hypothalamus and reducing POMC contents, promoting the appetite, and increasing food intake from the periphery pathway and the central pathway.

Animals ; Cachexia ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Eating ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; Neuropeptide Y ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUNDImaging-guided thermal ablation using different energy sources continues to gain favor as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of primary and metastatic hepatic malignant tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of microwave ablation with 2450-MHz internally cooled-shaft antenna in ex vivo and in vivo porcine livers.

METHODSAll studies were animal care and ethics committee approved. Microwave ablation was performed using a noncooled or cooled-shaft antenna in 23 ex vivo (92 ablations) and eight in vivo (36 ablations) porcine livers. Diameters of the coagulation zone were observed on gross specimens. The coagulation diameters achieved in different microwave ablation parameter groups were compared. Curve estimation analysis was performed to characterize the relationship between applied power and treatment duration and coagulation diameter (including short-axis and long-axis diameter).

RESULTSCoagulation zones were elliptical and an arrowed-shaped carbonization zone around the shaft was observed in all groups. But the antenna track was also coagulated in the noncooled-shaft antenna groups. In ex vivo livers, the short-axis diameter correlated with the power output in a quadratic curve fashion (R(2) = 0.95) by fixing ablation duration to 10 minutes, and correlated with the ablation duration in a logarithmic curve fashion (R(2) = 0.98) by fixing power output to 80 W. The short-axis reached a relative plateau within 25 minutes. In in vivo livers, short-axis diameter correlated with the coagulation duration in a sigmoidal curve fashion (60 W group R(2) = 0.76, 80 W group R(2) = 0.87), with a relative plateau achieved within 10 minutes for power settings of 60 W and 80 W.

CONCLUSIONSThe internally cooled microwave antenna may be advantageous to minimize collateral damage. The short-axis diameter enlargement has a plateau by fixing power output.

Animals ; Catheter Ablation ; Liver ; surgery ; Microwaves ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo establish an animal model of congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow for better understanding the pathophysiology of pulmonary vascular development and related regulatory mechanisms of congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow.

METHODOne to two months old pigs were randomly divided into three groups: control group (group C, n = 6) with right chest small incisions induced transient pulmonary blood reduction; light-moderate stenosis groups (group T(1), n = 7): artificial atrial septum defect (ASD) plus controlled pulmonary artery banding to generate a systolic pressure gradient of 20 - 30 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa); severe stenosis groups (group T(2), n = 7): similar surgical procedures as group T(1), and controlled pulmonary artery banding to generate a systolic pressure gradient ≥ 30 - 50 mm Hg. 64-slice computed tomography scanning was performed at one month post operation. Arterial blood gas analysis, hemoglobin value, pulmonary vessel, ASD and banding ring diameters and trans-pulmonary artery banding pressure (Trans-PABP) were determined at two months post operation.

RESULTSOne pig died due to tracheal intubation accident in the C group, one pig died due to bowel obstruction in the T(1) group and two pigs died due to acute right heart failure and chronic heart failure respectively in T(2) group. 64-slice CT angiography results showed that aortic diameter of T(1) group was significantly lower than that of C group and banding diameter was significantly lower than aortic diameter in the T(1) and T(2) groups at one month post operation. Two months after operation, the size of ASD were (8.0 ± 0.5) mm and (8.9 ± 1.4) mm (P > 0.05) respectively in the T(1) and T(2) groups after operation. The Trans-PABP was significantly higher in the T(1) and T(2) groups than in C group (P < 0.01), and the Trans-PABP was significantly higher in the T(2) group than in T(1) group (P < 0.01). PaO2 and SaO2 in the T(1) and T(2) groups were significantly lower than those in C group.

CONCLUSIONArtificial atrial septum defect combined pulmonary artery banding procedures could be successfully used to establish model of congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow and this model could help to understand the pathophysiology and monitor therapy efficacy for patients with congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; physiopathology ; Lung ; blood supply ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Pulmonary Veins ; physiopathology ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo study the pulmonary pathology in patients died of fatal human influenza A(H1N1) infection.

METHODSEight cases of fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection, including 2 autopsy cases and 6 paramortem needle puncture biopsies, were enrolled into the study. Histologic examination, immunohistochemitry, flow cytometry and Western blotting were carried out.

RESULTSThe major pathologic changes included necrotizing bronchiolitis with surrounding inflammation, diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary hemorrhage. Influenza viral antigen expression was detected in the lung tissue by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the presence of nuclear protein and hemagglutinin virus antigens in parts of trachea, bronchial epithelium and glands, alveolar epithelium, macrophages and endothelium. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rate of type II pneumocytes (32.15%, 78.15%) was significantly higher than that of the controls (1.93%, 3.77%).

CONCLUSIONNecrotizing bronchiolitis, diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary hemorrhage followed by pulmonary fibrosis in late stage are the major pathologic changes in fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Antigens, Viral ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Autopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bronchiolitis, Viral ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; metabolism ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; metabolism ; mortality ; pathology ; virology ; Lung ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the epidemic tendency of Microtus fascus plague during 2000-2008 in Sichuan province. Methods To investigate the plague each year according to "overall Plan of the Plague in the Whole Nation" and "Surveillance Program of Sichuan Province Plague". Results There were plague epidemic from 2000 to 2008, with the average density as 312.41/ha. 42.57% of the Microtus fuscus were infected by body Fleas. The Fleas Index was 0.88 and the Index for nest Fleas of Microtas fuscus was 55.89. Six kinds of animals were infected by not only the Microtus fuscus but also herd-dog, sand fox, Tibetan sheep, domestic cats and Cricetulus longicaulatus as well. The positive rate of live Microtus fuscus was 0.32% but 22.99% in the dead Microtus fuscus. The overall positive rate on serological test was 6.70%. There were 4 Sections, 11 species and 19 kinds Fleas identified and carrying 3 kinds of fleas, Callopsylla sparsilis, Amphipsylla tntua tutua and Rhadinopsylla dahurica vicina, with the overall infection rate as 0.054%. Conclusion Plague among Microtus fuscus showed a continuous epidemic in Sichuan province during 2000-2008.

Objective To analyzed the variant information on the indices regarding fleas from natural foci of Microtus plague in Sichuan epidemic area during 2000 to 2008.Methods Statistical and analytical methods were used on the surveillance data regarding Microtus fuscus plague.Results There were 19 flea species identified and the share of Callopsylla sparsilis was 62.79 percent while the share of Amphipsylla tuta tuta was 30.90 percent on Microtus fuscus plague.The infection rate of fleas and the flea index were the highest in October and the lowest in December and March.Species as Callopsylla sparsilis,Amphipsylla tuta tuta and Rhadinopsylla dahurica vicina could naturally infect the Yersinia pestis.Conclusion Microtus fuscus plague could become epidemic when animals and flea species were infected.We should emphasis on plague monitoring program so as to prevent the occurrence of the disease.