OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical curative effect of thoracolumbar burst fracture treated by the posterior unilateral approach corpectomy fusion screw-rod fixation and anterior corpectomy bone fusion screw plate fixation.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to May 2014,36 cases of thoracolumbar burst fracture underwent operation of decompression, fusion, and internal fixation was retrospective analyzed. Among them, 16 patients were treated through posterior approach as posterior group, including 13 males and 3 females aged from 37 to 62 years old; 9 cases caused by falling injury, 3 cases by traffic accident injury,4 cases by heavy aboved;the injury segment was on T₁₂ in 2 cases, L₁ in 5 cases, L₂ in 7 cases, L₃ in 2 cases; according ASIA grade, 3 cases were grade A, 2 cases were grade B, 2 cases were grade C, 5 cases were grade D, 4 cases were grade E; the time between injury and operation ranged from 5 to 15 days. Other 20 patients were treated through anterior-lateral approach as anterior-lateral group, including 15 males and 5 females with age from 27 to 62 years old; 12 cases caused by falling injury, 4 cases by traffic accident injury, 4 cases by heavy aboved; the injury segment was on T₁₂ in 2 cases, L₁, in 7 cases, L₂ in 9 cases, L₃ in 2 cases; for ASIA grade: 4 cases were grade A, 2 cases were grade B, 4 cases were grade C, 6 cases were grade D, 4 cases were grade E; the time between injury and operation ranged from 4 to 12 days. The operation time, bleeding during operation and postoperative drainage volume were observed in two groups,and the changes of nerve function of ASIA grade, clinical efficacy,improved degree of thoracic and lumbar lordosis,and bony fusion were compared between two groups.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of (15.8 ± 3.3) months. The operation time, bleeding during operation, and postoperative drainage volume had no significant different between two groups (P > 0.05). As compared with preoperative, ASIA grade of two groups at last follow-up had statistically significantly different (P < 0.01), the neural function of two groups after operation was recovered for different extent. The JOA score of two groups was compared between last follow-up and preoperative, the difference had statistically significant (P < 0.01), the two groups showed good clinical effect. The clinical results of ASIA grade, JOA score and RIS had no significant differences between two groups. All patients of two groups were obtained fusion. Thoracic and lumbar lordosis angle improvement degree had no significant difference between two groups ,it bad significant difference had statistical significance compared with preoperative, the two approaches could effectively restore the spinal sequence.

CONCLUSIONFor patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture just treated by anterior decompression and reconstruction of anterior column, according to the degree of operation performer' skill proficiency and the patient' condition to choose, but for patients must performed the spinal canal decompression anterior and posterior, the three column-reconstruction to required anterior-posterior approach, the posterior unilateral approach corpectomy fusion screw-rod fixation obviously shorten operation time, reduce the operation wound, it is worth the clinical promotion.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedicle Screws ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

Objective:To analyze the 3D changes of pharyngeal airway in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion after rapid maxillary expansion(RME)and maxillary protraction.Methods:53 patients underwent orthodontic treatment with Hyrax palatal ex-panders and maxillary protraction.Cone-Beam computed tomography(CBCT)scan was taken before treatment(T0),after 1 6 d RME (T1 )and after about 5 month maxillary protraction(T2).Data were reconstructed into 3D model,sagittal and transversal measure-ments,cross sectional areas,volumes of the pharyngeal airway were computed.Results:After RME,the transversal measurements, cross sectional areas,volumes of nasal passage were increased(P <0.05).After maxillary protraction,the 4 nasopharyngeal measure-ments were increased(P <0.05).Conclusion:RME and maxillary protraction may increase pharyngonasal airway.

Objective:To study the change of immunological response and cell proliferation in breast tissues augmented by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection(PHI).Methods:The expression of CD68,CD25 and PCNA in 20 breast tissues with indurations,12 without indurations after breast augmentation by PHI,and 10 normal breast tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry P-V6000; analysis was also done by H-E staining.Results:Hyperplasia of fibrous tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells and macrophages were found in the breast and adjacent tissues 3-8 years after PHI.Positive cells of CD68,CD25 and PCNA hardly existed in the normal tissues,but the breast tissues around the polyacrylamide hydrogel had many positive cells of CD68 and PCNA,especially in cases with indurations;there were significant differences between the 3 groups(P

Objective To determine the frequency of polymorphism at exon 26 (C3435T) of muhidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) in epileptic patients in the southern Chinese and to study the association of this polymorphism with pharmacoresistance.Methods DNA samples were obtained from 134 patients,of whom 72 were resistant to antiepileptic drug treatment and 62 were responsive to the treatment. Genotypes of the C3435T polymorphism were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion and gel electrophoresis.Genotype and allele frequencies in the drug resistant group were compared to those in the response group by Chi-square analysis.Results Of all 134 patients,33 (24.6%) had CC genotype,72 (53.7%) had CT genotype,and 29 (21.6%) had TT genotype.The frequency of CC genotype was significantly higher in the pharmaeoresistance group (33.3%) than that in the responsive group (14.5%,P=0.012).The frequency of the C allele was also significantly higher in the pharmacoresistance group (57.6%) than that in the responsive group (44.4%,P=0.03).When patients were divided by types of seizure into three groups:generalized seizure group,partial seizure group,and undefined seizure group,the CC genotype and C allele were associated with pharmacoresistance in the partial seizure group.Conclusions In the southern Chinese,the CC genotype and C allele are associated with resistance to the antiepileptic treatment.This finding needs to be verified in studies with larger sample size.

Objective: To study the prevalence and pathogenesis of TT virus (TTV) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Serum TTV DNA was tested in 69 hemodialysis patients from our hospital by nested-PCR using primers from a conservative region of TTV genenome, genetic analysis and detection of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also carried out simultaneously. Results: The overall prevalence of TTV viremia was 27.5%. The PCR-amplified gene fragment from one patient was sequenced, and its gene sequence homologies with GH1,TA278, TTVCHN1 and TTVCHN2 ranged from 89% to 100%, its deduced amino acid sequence ranged from 87% to 100%. There was no significant difference of TTV prevalence between anti-HCV positive and negative patients. No significant elevation of ALT was found in all patients. Conclusion: High prevalence of TTV infection is found among hemodialysis patients, and TTV infection has no significant association with HCV infection or elevation of ALT.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of rabbit limbs ischemia/reperfusion on myocardial necrosis and apoptosis in vivo.

METHODSThirty-six healthy new zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Sham group; (2) I/R(Ischemia/reperfusion) group; (3) RPostC (remote postconditioning) group. The activity of blood serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at baseline, the end of ischemia after 60 min and 120 min of reperfusion respectively. The extent of myocardial ischemia and the scope of myocardial infarction were assessed by evans blue and Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC). The myocardial cell's apoptosis at the area of myocardial ischemia was estimated by Tunel. Protein expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in myocardial ischemic area were analyzed with the method of immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with I/R group, the myocardial infarct size and the CK activity were significantly reduced in RPostC group. The Tunel positive index of RPostC group in ischemic myocardium was significantly lower than that in I/R group (21.79% +/- 1.07% vs 35.81% +/- 1.10%, P < 0.05). Caspase-3 positive cells index was calculated with randomly selected five regions in each slide and then the positive cells in per hundred cells were calculated. The RPostC group of caspase-3 positive cells was significantly lower than that in I/ R group(25.03% +/- 1.16% as 39% +/- 2.43%, P < 0.05). Compared with the sham group, the Bax protein expression index and the Bcl-2 protein expression index of I/R group and RPostC group were increased. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of RPostC group decreased, while it was increased in I/R. Compared with the I/R group, the Bax protein expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of RPostC group significantly reduced, but the expression index of Bcl-2 ratio was significantly increased, the differences were statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONLimbs ischemia/postconditioning could significantly reduce necrosis and apoptosis of ischemia/reperfusion myocardium. The mechanism of reducing the myocardial cell apoptosis may have relation to inhibiting the activation of pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3 and increased expression of Bcl-2.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; blood supply ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; Necrosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anatomic characteristics of splenic flexure, surgical techniques, and oncologic outcomes in 52 patients with non-obstructive splenic flexure colon cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 52 patients with non-obstructive splenic flexure colon cancer from March 2004 to March 2011 in the Department of General Surgery at the Henan Province Tumor Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThere were 37 patients of regular type, 5 of mobile type, and 10 of adhesive type. All the patients received radical operation. Eighteen patients received pre-small intestine anastomosis, including 12 cases with regular type, 4 with mobile type, and 2 with adhesive type. The difference in pre-small intestine anastomosis among the three types was not statistically significant(P=0.062). In addition, 32 cases received retro-ileum anastomosis. There were no significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection and positive lymph node, and postoperation complication rate among the three types. Follow up was available in all the cases. Five-year survival rates of cases with regular type, mobile type and adhesive type were 62.5%, 59.2% and 58.7% respectively(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRadical resection can provide satisfactory survival for splenic flexure colon cancer patients. The anatomy of splenic flexure does not affect the type of anastomosis. Retro-ileum anastomosis is a simple and effective method for reconstruction after radical resection of the tumor.

Adult ; Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Colon, Transverse ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; surgery ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

A RF coil (or probe) is one of the key components in NMR spectrometers and MRI systems, and designing a quality RF coil is a cheaper way to improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of systems and image quality. According to different applications there are a variety of RF coils. This article describes high-sensitive micro RF coils used in NMR spectrometers specially for test-tube samples. Their performance has been verified on the desktop MRI systems.
Equipment Design ; Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; Radio Waves

OBJECTIVETo study apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in experimental different denervated guinea-pig facial muscle.

METHODAn experimental model was established with guinea pigs by compressing the facial nerve 30 second (reinnervated group) and resecting the facial nerve (denervated group). TUNEL method and immunohistochemical technique (SABC) were applied to detect the apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related proteins bcl-2 and bax from 1st to 8th week after operation.

RESULTExperimentally denervated facial muscle revealed consistently increase of DNA fragmentation, average from(34.4 +/- 4.6)% to (38.2 +/- 10.6)%, from 1st week to 8th week after operation; Reinnervated facial muscle showed a temporal increase of DNA fragmentation, and then the muscle fiber nuclei revealed decreased DNA fragmentation along with the function of facial nerve recovered, latterly normal, average from (32.0 +/- 8.03)% to (5.6 +/- 3.5)%, from 1st week to 8th week after operation. In denervated group, bcl-2 and bax were expressed strongly; in reinnervated group, bcl-2 expressed consistently, but bax disappeared latterly along with the function of facial nerve recovered.

CONCLUSIONExpression of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related proteins in denervated muscle are general reaction to denervation. bcl-2 can prevent early apoptotic muscle fiber to survival until reinnervation. It is concluded that proteins control apoptosis may give information for possible therapeutic interventions to reduce the rate of muscle fiber death in denervated atrophy in absence of effective primary treatment.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Denervation ; Facial Muscles ; cytology ; innervation ; metabolism ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo set a quantitative criteria for determining risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) so that potential risk of an individual dying from CHD can be identified and to lay a foundation for predicting individual risk of CHD.

METHODSData of case-control and cohort studies published during 1978 to 2002, as well as data of surveillance of behavior exposure in Sichuan province, were collected by retrieval of literatures. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and relative risks (RR) of all risk factors for CHD were estimated using various statistical models with software for meta-analysis, and attributable risk fractions of varied levels of risk factors could be converted.

RESULTSA risk score conversion table (quantitative criteria for assessment) of main risk factors for CHD were developed for men and women aged 15 - 69 at an interval of five years, including smoking, passive smoking, hypertension, high blood cholesterol level, body mass index, lack of physical activity, alcohol drinking, past history of diabetes, and family history of CHD and hypertension. Individuals with all these risk factors had a risk score beyond 1.00, and risk score for those without them was equal to or below 1.00, which would increase with rise in one's risk level.

CONCLUSIONSEstimation of risk of dying from CHD was based on risk score conversion table of risk factors for CHD, which could be used to predict individual potential risk of dying from CHD in the following 10 years. It lays a foundation for health education to persuade people to change their unhealthy lifestyles and behaviors, and could be used in community health services.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Coronary Disease ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Urban Health