OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of included angle between the anterior aspects of S2 and S vertebral bodies on pelvic inlet imaging in the pelvic midline sagittal plane.

METHODSTotally 58 axial pelvic CT scans were chosen as study objects including 43 males and 15 females,with an average age of 40.7 years old (ranged,18 to 68 years old). The angles between the anterior aspects of S2 and S1, vertebral bodies and the horizontal plane on midline sagittal CT reconstruction were measured to simulate the optimal S2 and S1 inlet angles. The included angle between the anterior aspects of S2 and S1 vertebral bodies was calculated by subtrocting the S1,inlet angle from the S2 inlet angle defined as a base number. Then, the impact of the calculated included angles on the pelvic inlet imaging was analyzed. Results:The S2 inlet angles averaged (30.5±6.5) degrees; the S inlet angles averaged (25.7±5.9) degrees. The difference between them was significant (t=3.35, P=0.001). Ten patients had zero angle between the anterior aspects of S2 and S1 vertebral bodies; 14 patients had negative angle, averaged-(8.9±8.1) degrees; 34 patients had positive angle,averaged (11.8+6.4) degrees.

CONCLUSIONThe difference of included angle between the anterior aspects of S2 and S1 vertebral bodies leads to the difference between S1 inlet view and S2 inlet view in most cases, complicating the pelvic inlet imaging,and affecting the reliability of the application of pelvic inlet view. Utilizing the angles measured on the preoperative midlihe sagittal CT reconstruction to obatin the patient-customized S1 and S2 inlet views could accurately guide the S1 and S2 iliosacral screw insertion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; anatomy & histology ; injuries ; Spine ; anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo introduce a classification system of upper sacral segment and its significance based on the continuous pelvic axial computed tomography scan.

METHODSThe whole pelvis 2.0 mm thick axial scan images of 127 cases were observed, the sacroiliac screw channel of S1 were measured, according to the size of the transverse screw channel the upper sacral segment were classified. Such as transverse screw channel existed and in at least 4 layer scan images its width was > 7.3 mm, it was defined as sacral segment of the normal type. Such as transverse screw channel existed and its maximum width was 7.3 mm or less on scanning level, it was defined as a transitional. Such as transverse channel did not exist, or its width on all scanning level was 0 mm or less, it was defined as dysplastic. Various cases,percentage, and the average of the transverse screw channel were calculated.

RESULTSThere were 58 normal (45.7%),42 transitional (33.1%), and 27 dysplastic (21.2%) upper sacral segments with an averaged width of the tansverse screw channel of 13.9 mm, 5.2 mm, and 0.9 mm, respectively. Each specimen could be defined as one of the three types of upper sacral segment without exceptions.

CONCLUSIONIt is possible to insert a transverse iliosacral screw into a normal upper sacral segment when indicated because of the capacious transverse screw channel. The transverse iliosacral screw placement into the transitional and dysplastic upper sacral segments was contraindicated because of the limited or none transverse screw channel. The transitional upper sacral segment was superior to the dysplastic segment due to its starting point location restriction on the true lateral sacral view.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Sacrum ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Objective To study the relationship between TGF-?signaling pathway and pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma.Methods The expression of TGF-?RⅠ,TGF-?RⅡand Smad4 protein was deter- mined by immunohistochemistry in normal gastric mucosa(26 cases),intestinal metaplasia(22 cases),dysplasia (20 cases)and gastric carcinoma(43 cases).Results The positive expression rate of TGF-?RⅠ,TGF-?RⅡand Smad4 decreased following the malignant degree in gastric tissues(P

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to understand the molecular epidemiology of integron-associated gene cassettes in Acinetobacter baumannii across four hospitals in northern Taiwan and to clarify the relationship between the presence of integrons and antibiotic-resistant phenotypes. METHODS: Sixty-five A. baumannii isolates, collected from the patients of four regional hospitals in northern Taiwan in 2009, were tested for the presence of integrons and their associated gene cassettes. The susceptibility difference between integron-positive and integron-negative A. baumannii strains was analyzed. Antibiotic-resistant phenotypes among A. baumannii with different types of gene cassette array combinations were also compared. RESULTS: Around 72% of the A. baumannii isolates carried class 1 integrase genes. Despite this, only three gene cassette arrays were found in the integrons. Integron-positive strains were significantly more resistant to all the tested antibiotics than the integrase-negative strains. All the four types of A. baumannii with different gene cassette array combinations were multidrug-resistant in nature. Gene cassette array aacA4-catB8-aadA1 existed in all the integron-positive A. baumannii isolates. Repetitive-sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) results revealed the prevalence of one major cluster of imipenem-resistant A. baumannii strains (84%) in the four regional hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of integrons with associated antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes can be used as a representative marker of multidrug resistance in A. baumannii. Some prevalent gene cassette arrays may exist among epidemiologically unrelated A. baumannii strains.
Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Imipenem/pharmacology ; Integrases/genetics ; Integrons/*genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Taiwan/epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Platycarya strobilacea Sieb. et Zucc (PSZ) extract on methuosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 and CNE2 cells and explore the underlying mechanism.

METHODSCNE1 and CNE2 cells were treated with 1 mg/mL PSZ extract and the expressions of Rac1 mRNA and Rac1 protein were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results CNE1 and CNE2 cells showed obvious morphological changes typical of methuosis following treatment with PSZ extract characterized by cell merging, accumulation of large cytoplasmic vacuoles, and membrane rupture without obvious changes in the nuclei. PSZ treatment resulted in up-regulated Rac1 mRNA and Rac1 protein expressions in the cells. Application of EHT 1864 obviously blocked the effect of PSZ extract in inducing methuosis in CNE1 and CNE2 cells.

CONCLUSIONPSZ extract can induce methuosis in CNE1 and CNE2 cells by inducing the overexpression of Rac1.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the impaction of posterior wall on the prognosis following open reduction and internal fixation for fractures of acetabular posterior wall.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data from the 83 patients with fracture of acetabular posterior wall who had been consecutively treated by open reduction and internal fixation at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on involvement of posterior wall impaction. In the impaction group of 33 cases, there were 26 males and 7 females with an age of (47.4±11.6) years; in the non-impaction group of 50 cases, there were 43 males and 7 females with an age of (41.3±12.0) years. The quality of postoperative fracture reduction, the function of the affected hip at the last follow-up, and the complication rate during follow-up were compared between the 2 groups. Multifactorial binary logistic regression and age subgroups were used to analyze the effects of posterior wall impaction on functional outcomes.Results:The age, rate of associated injuries in other body parts, and rate of posterior wall comminution in the impaction group were significantly higher than those in the non-impaction group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in other general data of patients between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for (44.5±13.3) months after surgery. The rate of anatomical reduction in the non-impaction group (96.0%, 48/50) was significantly higher than that in the impaction group (57.6%, 19/33) ( P<0.05), and the good and excellent rate by the modified Merle d'Aubigné & Postel scale at the last follow-up in the non-impaction group (84.0%, 42/50) was significantly higher than that in the impaction group (51.5%, 17/33) ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). After adjusting for age and gender, the difference in hip function was still significantly different between the 2 groups ( OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.79, P=0.020). The effect of posterior wall impaction on functional outcomes was statistically significant in patients aged ≥50 years ( P=0.008), whereas the difference was not statistically significant in patients aged <50 years ( P=0.194). Conclusions:Compared with non-impaction ones, acetabular fractures of posterior wall impaction tend to lead to poorer quality of reduction, which in turn affects the postoperative recovery of hip joint function. The impact of impaction fractures on functional recovery is more significant in patients aged 50 years and above.

A nationwide survey was conducted from October 2018 to September 2019 to assess the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) and its influencing factors in China. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information. Hhcy was defined as the level of serum homocysteine (HCY) ⩾ 15.0µmol/L. The H-type hypertension (HHYP) was defined as hypertension with an elevated serum HCY 15.0µmol/L). Finally, 110 551 residents ⩾ 40 years of age from 31 provinces in the mainland of China were included. Overall, the median serum HCY level was 10.9µmol/L (interquartile range 7.9-15.1). A total of 28 633 participants (25.9%) were defined as Hhcy. The Hhcy prevalence ranged from 7.9% in Shanghai to 56.8% in Tianjin. The data showed that serum HCY levels were associated with age, male gender, cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, ethnicity, endurance in exercise (inverse), and fruit and vegetable intake (inverse). In addition, 15 486 participants were defined as HHYP, and the rate was 14.0%. HHYP was an independent predictor of stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.752 (95% CI 1.338-2.105). The geographical distribution pattern of the Hhcy epidemic reflects dynamic differences, and national strategies should be carried out to further improve the care of patients with Hhcy across China.
China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/epidemiology* ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Stroke/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxibustion at "Huantiao" (GB 30) on the expression of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) in the sciatic nerve trunk and ventral horn of spinal cord (L METHODS: A total of 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group and a moxibustion group, 12 rats in each group. The rat model of primary sciatic pain was established by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in the model group and the moxibustion group. On the 8th day of the experiment, moxibustion was adopted at "Huantiao" (GB 30) in the moxibustion group for 5-10 min, once a day for 14 consecutive days. Sciatic nerve function index (SFI) was measured and compared in each group at day 1, 7, 14 and 21. On the 21st day of the experiment, HE staining was used to observe the morphology of ventral horn of rat spinal cord and sciatic nerve trunk. Immunohistochemical method and real-time PCR were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43 in the spinal cord and sciatic nerve trunk of rats. RESULTS: On day 7, 14 and 21, there was no statistical difference in SFI between the sham operation group and the normal group ( CONCLUSION Moxibustion at "Huantiao" (GB 30) could improve the sciatic nerve function in rats with primary sciatica and its mechanism may be related to improving the expression of GAP-43 and enhancing the self-repair ability of the sciatic nerve after injury.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; GAP-43 Protein/genetics* ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sciatic Nerve ; Sciatica/therapy* ; Spinal Cord

Polysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum has the activities of anti-tumor and enhancing immune function. There were no reports on antitumor effect of its intratumoral injection. In this study, the polysaccharide was extracted from G. applanatum by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and purified by ceramic membrane after removing protein by Sevage method. The total polysaccharide content from G. applanatum(PGA)was about 63%. The combination of PGA and paclitaxel showed synergistic effect on cytotoxicity of 4 T1 cells at lower concentrations in vitro. In addition, the growth curve of 4 T1 cells showed that PGA could retard the growth of 4 T1 cells gradually. The PGA thermosensitive gel(PGA-TG)was prepared by using poloxamer 188 and 407. The gel temperature was 36 ℃, and the PGA-TG could effectively slow down the release rate of PGA in vitro. 4 T1 breast cancer-bearing mice were used as a model to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intratumoral injection of PGA combined with tail vein injection of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel(nab-PTX). In high and low dose PGA groups, each mice was given with 2.25, 1.125 mg PGA respectively, twice in total, and the dosage of paclitaxel was 15 mg·kg~(-1), once every 3 days, for a total of five times. The tumor inhibition rate was 29.65% in the high dose PGA-TG group, 58.58% in the nab-PTX group, 63.37% in low dose PGA-TG combined with nab-PTX group, and 68.10% in high dose PGA-TG combined with nab-PTX group respectively. The inhibitory effect in high dose PGA-TG group combined with nab-PTX on tumors was significantly higher than that in nab-PTX group(P<0.05). The results showed that paclitaxel therapy combined with intratumoral injection of PGA-TG could improve the therapeutic effect for 4 T1 mice and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.
Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ganoderma ; Mice ; Neoplasms ; Paclitaxel ; Poloxamer ; Polysaccharides

Adolescent ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome/genetics* ; Cytosine ; Female ; Guanine ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; RNA Splice Sites/genetics* ; Receptors, Androgen/genetics*