AIM:To determine the optimal extraction of effective component from Swertia chirayita(Roxb.ex Flemi) Karsten in Tibet. METHODS: HPLC method was used to determine the yield rate and mango glucoside content,the preference extract methods,extraction solvents and extraction method of Swertia chirayita(Roxb.ex Flemi) Karsten were chose by parallel comparative method. RESULTS: 75% ethanol was used to extract medicine materials by Percolate,the flow rate was 4 mL/min/kg,collecting 6 times liquor after percolate. CONCLUSION: The extraction method is simple and convenient,furthermore the extract stability is good too.

The interferon-γ testing and the comparative cervical skin test were compared with the simple cervical hypersensitivity test routinely used in our country in herds infected with Mycobacterium bovis, in which 167 infected cattle from 5 herds were tested with interferon-γ testing and the comparative cervical test (CCT) simultaneously and other 106 cattle were tested with other hypersensitivity tests used as control for comparison. In these 167 cattle tested with both tests, 89 cattle were proved to be positive both in interferon-γ testing and CCT using the bovine PPD of Netherland with a coincidence rate of 92.7% (89/96). In 106 cattle the coincidence rate of positive reactions detected by γ-interferon test and CCT was 93.41% (78/83.5), that detected by the routine skin of foreign country was 62.26%(66/106); and that between the hypersensitivity test of China and foreign country was 92.19% (59/64). It is obvious that the interferon-γ testing and CCT seem to have higher coincidence rate and the specificity of the skin tests used in our country was rather low. Consequently, the use of the comparative cervical skin test should be considered to replace the routinely used shin tests.

Objective To investigate the causes of re-fractures of non fracture vertebral body after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods 512 patients (618 vertebral bodies) treated with PKP because of osteoporosis VCFs were recruited from June 2010 to June 2014.There were 107 males (121 vertebral bodies) and 405 females (497 vertebral bodies) with the mean age of 70.38±7.59 years old (51 to 91 years).There were 406 single segment fracture and 106 double segment fractures cases,and the fracture segments were T4 to L5.The T value of the patients' bone mineral density (BMD) was from-1.0 to-5.2 SD.The clinic characteristics of all the patients including age,sex,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI),BMD score of the spine,volume of bone cement,restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height,postoperative complications (pulmonary embolism,bone cement leakage,nerve injury),and treated vertebral level were analyzed.Results 52 patients (10.16％,52/512) experienced refractures of non fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty,and 4 experienced re-fracture of the fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty.The average age of the 52 patients was 71.88±7.74 years old,meanwhile,the ratio of female was 94.23％ (49/52),the mean T value of BMD-4.03±0.60 SD,the ratio of initial double segment fractures 51.92％ (27/52).In addition,among the 456 cases with no fracture,the average age was 70.21±7.56 years,the ratio of female was 77.19％ (352/456);the mean T value of BMD was-2.89±0.55 SD;the ratio of initial double segment fractures was 17.32％(79/456).The data above (age,T value of BMD and initial double segment fractures) were all with statistical significant differences.Whereas the BMI,volume of bone cement,intervertebral disc leakage and restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height had no significant difference between the two groups.Furthermore,in the re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body group,32 cases (61.54％,32/52) were nonadjacent fractures,and 20 (38.46％,20/52) were adjacent fractures.Conclusion Osteoporosis degree,female and initial double segment fractures were major risk factors in the development of re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body after PKP.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,artificial cervical disc replacement surgery as a new method for the treatment of cervical disease has gradualy been accepted and understood,but relevant complications have gradualy attracted attention.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical outcomes of artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical disease and the range of motion of the replacement segment.METHODS: A total of 25 patients with artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylosis,who were treated in the Department of Orthopedics,Air Force General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August 2006 to April 2012,were enroled in this study,including 15 males and 10 females,aged 31-76 years,averagely 51.04 years.There were 6 cases of double segments and 19 cases of single segment.They were folowed up for 24 to 93 months.Clinical results were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score,cervical dysfunction index and pain visual analog scale scores.Imaging was used to observe range of motion,cervical curvature,heterotopic ossification,and degeneration of adjacent segments.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Neurological function in al patients was improved to different degrees.One case suffered from mild heterotopic ossification,but no clinical symptoms were found.No significant difference in range of motion of surgical segment,and range of motion of upper and lower adjacent segments was detected between pre-replacement and final folow-up results (P＞0.05).No significant difference in range of motion of C2-C7 was found between pre-replacement and final folow-up results (P＞0.05).Japanese Orthopaedic Association score,cervical dysfunction index and pain visual analog scale scores were significantly improved during final folow-up compared with pre-replacement (P＜0.05).These results indicated that artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical disease can achieve better clinical efficacy,can keep the range of motion of replacement segment and avoid the accelerated degeneration of adjacent segments.

OBJECTIVEThe activity of deer serum albumin on proliferation of rat osteogenic-like cells UMR-106 and the IGF-I secretion were investigated in order to elucidate pilose antler's bone-strengthening mechanism.

METHODDeer serum albumin was isolated from freeze-dry pilose antler powder extract. The methods were Sephacryl S-200HR gel filtration, POROS 20QE ion-exchange and TSK G3000SW chromatographies. The effect of deer serum albumin on proliferatio of UMR-106 cells was assaied by MTT, and the secretion of IGF-I of UMR-106 cells was assaied by RIA.

RESULTDeer serum albumin, with the molecular weight of 56.3 kDa, significantly increased the proliferation rate of the osteoblast-like UMR-106 cell and IGF-I secretion. When concentration of deer serum albumin reached 0.149 microg x mL(-1), UMR-106 cell proliferation rate was 241.03% and IGF-I secretion was 66.89 ng x mL(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe concentration of deer serum albumin, from 14.9 ng x mL(-1) to 14.90 microg x mL(-1), significantly increased the proliferation rate of the osteoblast-like UMR-106 cell and IGF- I secretion.

Animals ; Antlers ; chemistry ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Deer ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; secretion ; Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; Rats ; Serum Albumin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the long-term integrity and the biological function of interface between the bioadhesive peptide modified implant surface and peri-implant tissue.

METHODSA short bioadhesive peptide containing Glycine-Tyrosine-Arginine-Glycine-Asparticacid-Serine (GYRGDS) sequence was immobilized onto the titanium implant surface by means of sol-gel coating technique and self-assembled monolayers (SAM). The chemical composition and organic functional groups on the titanium surfaces were characterized using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectrometer). The adhesive strength and stability of osteoblasts on various implant surfaces were compared under flow condition.

RESULTSThe results showed that alkali/hot water aging treatment could apparently improve the content of -OH functional groups of titanium surface. The chemical reactive Ti-O-Ti bonding at the surface of titanium played a vital role in inducing the formation of organosilane SAM. GYRGDS peptide can be covalently grafted onto the surface of titanium by SAM technique. The resistance of freshly adherent osteoblasts to detachment by flow was shear time dependent. When the four groups were compared under the same flow stress condition (2.05 Pa) at three specific time spans (30 min, 1 h, 2 h), the cells retention rates in GYRGDS-grafted groups were 93.0%, 54.4%, 34.4% respectively and were much higher than those in non-coated groups.

CONCLUSIONSIt was suggested that GYRGDS might have positive effects on maintaining stability and adherence of cells onto the substrates under flow condition.

Dental Cements ; Osteoblasts ; physiology ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surface Properties ; Titanium

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 38 736 broth prescriptions of pediatrics of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs. Most of drug's dosage centralized the four intervals: (3-6], (6-9], (9-12], (12-15], and the concrete dosage were 6, 9, 10, 12, 15 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in pediatrics, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dosage Forms ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pediatrics ; methods ; Prescriptions

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in surgery of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 84,759 broth prescriptions of surgery of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs which dose has difference between in the actuality and in the pharmacopoeia. Most of drug's dosage centralized the four intervals: (3-6], (9-12], (12-15], (18-21], and the concrete dosage were 3, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in surgery, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Dosage Forms ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; General Surgery ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to analyze the initial displacement of the maxillary first molar by tip back bend in Tip-Edge force system and to explore the relationships between the displacement and the degree or position of tip back bend.

METHODSThe Tip-Edge three-dimensional finite element model was constructed by CT scan of a dry skull with all teeth. The conditions of five types of degree (20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 50 degrees, 60 degrees) and four types of position (2, 4, 6, 8 mm) of tip back bend were added to the three-dimensional finite element model and the initial displacements of the maxillary first molar were calculated.

RESULTSUnder the effect of tip back bend, distal and extrusive displacement of the maxillary first molar occurred. The distal and extrusive movement increased as the degree of tip back bend increased or the position of tip back bend moved distally.

CONCLUSIONThe initial displacement of the maxillary first molar could be controlled by the precise control of the degree and position of tip back bend.

Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Models, Biological ; Molar ; Periodontal Ligament

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 41,226 broth prescriptions of gynecology of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs which dose has difference between in the actuality and in the pharmacopoeia. Most of drugs dosage centralized the three intervals: (3-6], (9-12], (12-15], and the concrete dosage were 9, 10, 12, 15 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in gynecology, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Gynecology ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods